bio 1112 exam 4

Niche

(1) the space it requires, (2) the type and amount of food it consumes, (3) the organisms for which it is a food source, (4) its influence on competitors, (5) the timing of its reproduction (its life history), (6) its temperature and moisture requirements, and almost every other aspect that describes the way the organism uses its environment and influences the other organisms in that environment

Bilateral symmetry

(Humans, cows, and scorpions)have left and right sides that are mirror images

extant; extinct (From an evolutionary perspective, species either exist or no longer exist)

All species are either ____________ or ______________.

Radial symmetry

Animals with a body structured like a pie, such as jellyfishes, corals, and sea anemones

the animals could run faster after prey

As mammals evolved, there was a gradual transition from bodies with short legs to bodies with longer legs, held vertically beneath the trunk of the animal. Which of the following was a result of this anatomical change in early mammals?

Birds are endotherms, meaning they are able to GENERATE BODY HEAT via cellular respiration. Other reptiles, however, are ectotherms, meaning they must bask in the sun to raise their body temperature.

Birds are a branch of the reptile lineage but, unlike other reptiles, birds are able to do

crustaceans

Crabs, lobsters, and barnacles all belong to which group

Protostomes

During development "mouth first " The gut develops front to back

Deuterostomes

During development "mouth second "

placental mammals (Marsupials in Australia have evolved to fill many of the niches that are filled by mammals in other regions of the world.)

Marsupials are thought to be most closely related to

cephalopods

Octopuses belong to

The SPONGE is the simplest of all animals, lacking any tissues or organs.

The lineage that first separated from the common ancestor of all animals, and retains many of the same primitive features to this day, includes which of the following modern organisms?

A SWIM BLADDER is homologous to the lungs of land-dwelling vertebrates and is not one of the major evolutionary adaptations that occurred as animals moved from water to land.

Which of the following is NOT one of the major evolutionary adaptations that occurred as animals moved from water to land?

The notochord is not present throughout life; rather, it is only found in early embryos and is replaced by the vertebral column (backbone).(Vertebrates uniquely have a backbone that forms around the notochord. Likewise, vertebrates have a head at the anterior end of the organism)

Which of the following is unique about vertebrates in terms of the phylum Chordata?

Salmon

an animal with rigid bones, jaws, and a swim bladder