Bio 132 Unit 4

A toddler is a child between the ages of ________.

1 to 3 years

To minimize risk for food-borne illness, ground beef should be used within _______ days of storage in the refrigerator.

1-2

Lisa is a healthy young woman whose energy requirement is 2250 kcal/day. Based on this information, what would be her daily energy requirement during her first trimester of pregnancy?

2250

One should have at least a _______ days supply of food for emergency use.

3

According to present-day growth charts, an infant will double its birth weight at about ________ months of age and will triple its birth weight at about ________ months.

4 to 6; 12

Pathogenic bacteria are likely to multiply rapidly when environmental temperatures are between ________.

40 and 140ºF

A low birth weight infant weighs less than _______ pounds at birth.

5.5

Most infants begin to drink from a cup around the ages of ________ months.

8-10

A high birth weight infant weighs more than _______ pounds at birth.

8.8?

Average additional dietary energy requirements for lactation are approximately ________ kcal per day.

800

Which of the following statements is true?

A centenarian is a person who has lived for 100 years or more.

Which of the following statements are true? a. Risk of urinary incontinence increases as a person ages. b. Signs of dehydration in older adults include weakness, constipation, and mental confusion. c. You Answered The body's water content decreases with advancing age.

All of the choices are correct.

Which of the following statements is true regarding shool-age children and breakfast? a. Those that ate a complete breakfast showed imporoved comprehension b. Those that ate a complete breakfast showed imporoved concentration and alertness c. Those that ate a complete breakfast showed imporoved memory and learning

All of these are associated with eating a complete breakfast

A maternal practice that can be harmful to the fetus is ________.

All of these choices are accurate.

Which of the following factors contribute to reduced food intake among older adults? a. Depression b. Loss of teeth c. Reduced mobility and flexibility

All of these choices are correct

Forty-year old-Mateo has a family history of Alzheimer's disease. What recommendations do you have for Mateo to reduce his risk for Alzheimer's disease? a. Continue learning and reading b. Consume foods that are rich in omega-3 fatty acids c. Engage in regular physical activity

All of these choices are correct.

What factor(s) contributes to childhood obesity?

All of these choices are correct.

When selecting foods for an emergency food supply, which of the following criteria is least important?

Are lightweight

This bacteria is considered by many food scientists as the number one agent that causes foodborne illness.

Campylobacter jejuni

The toxin produced by ________ can cause blurry vision, muscle weakness, difficulty swallowing, and even death.

Clostridium botulinum

Which of the following food preservation methods draws water from cells, reducing the likelihood many pathogens can survive?

Drying

Lenny had steak tartare for dinner and has started to feel ill. Which pathogen should he be most concerned about after eating raw oysters?

E. coli 0157:H7

________ is a physiological change associated with aging.

Hardening of the arteries

The following substances were detected in a can of food. Which of the substances is an intentional food additive?

High-fructose corn syrup

Which of the following is NOT an environmental factor associated with childhood obesity?

Inheriting genes that "program" for obesity

Why is cow's milk not recommended for infants?

Its protein content is too high.

Jenna is a 73-year-old woman who complains to her doctor that her food does not have any taste. The physician told Jenna to add more spices in each dish she prepares. Based on your knowledge about the process of aging, ________.

Jenna is experiencing a normal decline in her sense of taste

________ is the average length of time a person born in a specific year can expect to live.

Life expectancy

What is the importance of growth charts for children?

May provide an early warning for potential medical problems

As a person ages their risk of ________ increases. This condition results in loss of muscle function, shaking, stiffness, and poor balance.

Parkinson's disease

The following substances were detected in a slice of enriched bread. Which of the substances is a not a direct food additive?

Plastic wrap

________ is a normal physiological change associated with aging.

Reduced estrogen production

________ is the loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength combined with an increase in body fat.

Sarcopenic obesity

Which federal agency is responsible for inspecting beef, poultry and other food animals for diseases before and after slaughter?

USDA

Lenny had raw for dinner and has started to feel ill. Which pathogen should he be most concerned about after eating raw oysters?

Vibrio vulnificus

Which of the following vitamins is often lacking in the diets of older adults?

Vitamin B12

________ is a federal program that provides funds to state governments to help specific populations obtain certain supplemental foods and nutrition education.

WIC

Instead of a double cheeseburger from a fast food restaurant for lunch, the hungry adolescent could make a healthier choice by choosing ________ instead.

a grilled chicken sandwich with lettuce and tomato

Anna would like to offer a high-fiber, nutrient-dense snack to her healthy 4-year-old son. Based on this information, she should serve ________.

a small unpeeled apple that has been cut into wedges

_____________ is a naturally occurring compund in foods that form food is heated to high temperatures.

acrylamide

Except for pregnancy and lactation, the total quantities of nutrients and calories needed during ________ are greater than any other stage of the life cycle.

adolescence?

Exposure to a bacterial infection during fetal life may result in ________. a. miscarriage b. preterm delivery c. still birth

all of these are correct

Most infants are physically ready to start eating solid foods when they ________.

can sit up with some back support

Which of the following foods is not a likely source of food-borne pathogens?

dried apricots

During which trimester is the most critical time for development?

first

Which of the following micronutrients is needed for proper neural tube development?

folate

The milk produced first during a feeding is called _____ and is rich in ____.

foremilk, lactose

Which form of arthritis invovles the build up of uric acid crystals?

gout

Which of the following pesticides kills weeds?

herbicide

Your brother and his wife have been trying to conceive for the past several months, but the wife is not yet pregnant. To increase her chances of conception, which of the following dietary recommendations would you make?

increase intake of vegetables

Infants are physically ready to start eating solid foods when they ________.

lose the extrusion reflex

A major nutrition-related concern of adolescents is ________ intake.

low calcium

A major nutrition-related concern of adolescent females is ________ intake.

low iron

For the average pregnancy, which tissue or component contributes most significantly to the normal weight gain experienced during pregnancy?

maternal fat stores

Which hormone increases in secretion during pregnancy? a. androgens b. progesterone c. prolactin

more than one is correct

Which of the following animals is an example of a vermin?

mouse

Which of the following is not considered a risk factor for preeclampsia?

obesity?

According to the damage or error theory of aging, ________.

organs simply wear out with use and abuse

The common practice of taking several prescribed medication daily to treat a variety of health conditions is called ________.

polypharmacy

Which of the following minerals is often lacking in the diets of older adults?

potassium

Lanelle is 5 months pregnant. Recently, she gained several pounds rapidly, and as a result, her face is "puffy" and her hands are swollen. Her physician is very concerned, because Lanelle's blood pressure has risen to a dangerous level. Based on this information, Lanelle probably has ________.

preeclampsia

________ stimulates milk production by certain cells in the breast.

prolactin

Intake of which of the following macronutrients is most likely to be below recommendations in older adults?

protein

Which of the following reflexes causes an infant to turn its head and open its mouth as the baby's cheek is stroked?

rooting reflex

The declining organ functioning and the increase vulnerability to diseases is known as ________.

senescence

After Ariel gave birth to a healthy baby boy, the physician immediately placed the baby next to Ariel's breast so the infant could begin breastfeeding. This practice ________.

stimulates Ariel's uterus to contract, reducing her risk of bleeding excessively

Which of the following nutrients can cause birth defects in the fetus when taken in large amounts during the first trimester?

vitamin A

To avoid constipation, pregnant women should increase intake of ________.

whole-grain bread, bran, and fruits

Infants ________ have a higher risk of obesity during childhood.

whose mothers are obese

Julio wants to cook chicken and bake a pie made with eggs and milk for his roommates. Julio and his dinner guests are likely to experience food-borne illness if he ________.

wipes the knife used to cut up the raw chicken on a hand towel before using the knife to cut up the salad vegetables