BIO 151 QUIZ 3, 4, 5

Which of the following proteins induces expression of numerous peripheral tissue self-antigens during negative selection of T cells? (QUIZ 4)

AIRE (QUIZ 4)

The protein LAT is necessary for starting the signaling cascade which activates which of the following transcription factors? (QUIZ 4)

AP-1, NFAT, NF-kB (QUIZ 4)

V(D)J recombination is necessary to generate which of the following antigen receptors (QUIZ 3)

Antibodies and T cells (QUIZ 3)

Which enzyme is responsible for cleaving the hairpin loops produced during V(D) recombination (QUIZ 3)

Artemis (QUIZ 3)

The ligand B7 expressed on Antigen Presenting Cells interacts with which of the following receptors to active "Signal 2" during T cell activation? (QUIZ 5)

CD28 (QUIZ 5)

Contrast the function of a classically-activated macrophage and an alternatively-activated macrophage, in your response describe at least 2 function for each activation state. What cytokine and signaling pathways are necessary for classical activation? What cytokine is necessary for alternative activation? (QUIZ 5)

Classical Activation: Cytokine needed: IFNy Signaling Pathway: M1 Alternative Activation: Cytokine Needed: IL-4/IL-13 Signaling Pathway: M2 (QUIZ 5)

Proliferation of antigen-specific lymphocytes after activation is known as? (QUIZ 5)

Clonal expansion (QUIZ 5)

Which of the following represents the correct order of T cell development in the thymus? "Positive" refers to expression of either the co-receptor CD4 or CD8. (QUIZ 4)

Double Negative, Double Positive, Single Positive. (QUIZ 4)

You are a researcher studying a population of mice which posses a genetic mutation which prevents them from synthesizing the MHC II receptor. You isolate the thymus from one of these mice and analyze the thymocyte populations in this tissue via FACS by staining with anti-CD4 and anti-CD8 antibodies. Of the following cells, which do you expect to be present in the thymus? Explain your answer for each. Double Negative T cells Double Positive T cells CD4+ T cells CD8+ T cells (QUIZ 4)

Double negative, double positive, CD8+ T cells Without MHC II CD4 T cells will not be positively selected CD8 T cells will be selected because MHC I is present and will be positively selected Double negative and double positive cells will both be present because ICR-beta and TCR-alpha rearrangement occurs independently without MHC (QUIZ 4)

Which of the following cells would you expect to express an MHC Class I Receptor? (QUIZ 3) a. Epithelial cells b. Dendritic Cells c. Macrophages d. B cells 3. All of the above

E. All of the above, Epithelial cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, B cells (QUIZ 3)

During CD4 T cell activation, "signal 1" is mediated by which of the following molecular interactions? (QUIZ 4)

Foreign peptide MHC with TCR and CD4 co-receptor (QUIZ 4)

Th1 cells primarily secrete which of the following cytokines? (QUIZ 5)

IFNy (QUIZ 5)

Which of the following cytokines is necessary for generating "signal 3" during T cell activation? (QUIZ 5)

IL-2 (QUIZ 5)

What is the biological function of a kinase? Provide examples of 1 specific kinase that is involved in the activation of T cells and 1 specific kinase involved in cytokine signaling via interleukin receptors (QUIZ 4)

Kinases add phosphate groups to other proteomics LCK, Zap 70, etc JAK from JAK-STAT pathway (QUIZ 4)

Th17 cells primarily stimulate which of the following innate immune cells? (QUIZ 5)

Neutrophils (QUIZ 5)

Negative selection delete which of the following cells (QUIZ 3)

Self Reactive B cells (QUIZ 3)

You are an immunologist working with two strains of mice. Strain A has a genetic knockout preventing them from generating the enzyme Rag 1/2. Strain B has a genetic knockout preventing them from generating the enzyme TdT. Which strain of mice will be able to generate a more diverse repertoire of antibodies? Why? (QUIZ 3)

Strain B will have more diverse antibodies; knocking out Rag 1/Rag2, there is no way to have diversity without Rag 1 and Rag 2 so it would not be Strain A. (QUIZ 3)

Th2 cells secrete cytokines in order to fight off parasitic worms. What two cytokines do Th2 cells secrete? What specific effects do these cytokines have on other cells/tissues in the hosts's body? (QUIZ 5)

Th2 secrete IL-4 and IL-5. The specific effects that these cytokines have on other cells/tissues in the host's body is that IL-4 increases antigen secretion and increases mucus secretion. IL-5 is needed to activate the production of eosinophils. (QUIZ 5)

Explain the importance of the surrogate light chain (V pre-B-lambda 5) during B cell development. Specifically, what does the surrogate light chain associate with and what is the consequence of this interaction on B cell receptor (BCR) signaling and development? (QUIZ 3)

The surrogate light chain associates with the holder heavy chain during lymphocyte development. It is necessary to generate the pre-B cell receptor during lymphocyte development and ensure that a successful heavy chain rearrangement has occurred. This is necessary to get them to Checkpoint 1. Checkpoint 1 is antigen recognition. You want to be sure that the antigen is not self-recognizing. A successful heavy chain rearrangement prevents the development of lymphocytes from undergoing apoptosis that is necessary to stop VDJ heavy chain rearrangement and begin VJ recombination of the light chain. (QUIZ 3)

During the signaling pathway involved in T cell activation, which of the following proteins phosphorylates (QUIZ 4)

ZAP 70 (QUIZ 4)