Bio 272 SC4 blood unit

Which of the following are NOT functions of the circulatory system? Choose ALL that apply. - Carrying carbon dioxide from the cells to the lungs. -Carrying oxygen from the lungs to the cells. - Regulating glucose level. -Transporting glucose and amino acids. - Transmitting nerve signals to the brain. - Protecting the body from infections. - Regulating blood pressure - Protecting the body from UV light. - Buffering changes in pH. - Controlling movement of fluid between body areas. - Producing fatty acids, vitamins, and other nutrients. - Transporting toxins, urea, and other waste to the liver and kidneys. - Controlling body temperature. -Preventing fluid loss through blood clotting.

- Transmitting nerve signals to the brain. - Regulating glucose level. - Producing fatty acids, vitamins, and other nutrients. - Protecting the body from UV light.

Normal Hemoglobin for Men?

12-16 g/dl

Normal Hemoglobin for Women?

13-17 g/dl

Normal hematocrit for Women?

37-48%

Calculate the hematocrit value of the blood sample above. Round to the nearest whole number and enter your answer without units or other words (just type in the number).

38

Normal hematocrit for Men?

43-52%

Which of the following is a normal adult blood volume? 3 L 7 L 5 ml 9 ml 7 ml 3 ml 5L 9 L

5L

Normal heart rate?

60-100

Normal diastolic pressure

60-80

Normal systolic pressure

90-120

Anna has type A+ blood. Which antigens are on the surface of her erythrocytes? Choose all that apply. D antigen O antigen A antigen AB antigen B antigen

A antigen D antigen

Identify the components of blood labeled in the picture.

A erythrocyte B leukocyte C plasma D platelet

What blood type has coagulation in A and RH?

A+

Evelyn has type AB- blood. Which antigens are on the surface of her erythrocytes? Choose all that apply. AB antigen D antigen B antigen A antigen O antigen

B antigen A antigen

Christy has type O+ blood. Which antigens are on the surface of her erythrocytes? Choose all that apply. O antigen A antigen B antigen D antigen AB antigen

D antigen

What test is shown below?

Hemoglobin

Which protein in the erythrocytes binds to the oxygen? Your answer must be spelled correctly.

Hemoglobin

Name the process of making the formed elements in the blood. (spelling counts!)

Hemopoiesis or hematopoiesis

Which of the following prevent or interfere with blood clotting? Choose ALL that apply. chemotherapy chronic hypoxia (smoking, exercise, high altitude) dehydration heavy metal poisoning heparin infection iron deficiency leukemia liver disease streptokinase vitamin B deficiency Correct! vitamin K deficiency

Heparin liver disease streptokinase vitamin K deficiency

A blood pressure of 198/130 is ___ for a healthy adult. High Low Normal

High

Hypertension

High blood pressure

What is the main plasma ion? serum albumin K+ Mg+ ammonia Na+ alpha globulin urea oxygen fibrinogen Ca+

Na+

The hematocrit value in the sample in the previous question is ___? low for a woman and low for a man. normal for a woman and normal for a man. high a woman and high for a man. low for a woman and normal for a man. low for a woman and high for a man. Correct! normal for a woman and low for a man. normal for a woman and high for a man. high for a woman and low for a man. high for a woman and normal for a man.

Normal for woman and low for a man

Erythrocytes

RBC carry oxygen

What is the main plasma protein? ammonia fibrinogen urea Mg+ Ca+ alpha globulin oxygen K+ serum albumin Na+

Serum albumin

Put the steps of erythropoiesis in order. 1-6

Step 1: Multipotent hemopoietic stem cell in bone marrow has potential to become any type of blood cell. Step 2: Stem cells differentiate into proerythroblasts that are destined to become only erythrocytes. Step 3: Erythropoietin causes cells to differentiate into erythroblasts. Step 4: Erythroblasts divide to produce more erythroblasts and synthesize lots of hemoglobin. Step 5: Erythroblasts lose their nucleus, ribosomes, and mitochondria. Step 6: Mature erythrocytes enter the bloodstream.

systolic pressure

The pressure of the blood when the heart beats

diastolic pressure

The pressure of the blood when the heart rests

Which of the following are true about platelets? Choose ALL that apply. -They are cell fragments full of vesicles and cytoskeletal filaments. -They change shape to squeeze out of blood vessels. -They contain large amounts of hemoglobin. -They contain a nucleus, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. -They contract in response to nerve signals. -They lack a nucleus and ribosomes.

They are cell fragments full of vesicles and cytoskeletal filaments. They lack a nucleus and ribosomes

Which of the following are true about leukocytes? Choose ALL that apply. -They are cell fragments full of vesicles and cytoskeletal filaments. -They change shape to squeeze out of blood vessels. -They contain granules holding signaling molecules, enzymes, and antimicrobial compounds. -They contain large amounts of hemoglobin. -They contain a nucleus, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. -They contract in response to nerve signals. -They do not divide or produce proteins. -They have flexible cytoskeletons to bend in narrow capillaries. -They lack a nucleus, ribosomes, and mitochondria. -They use aerobic respiration (cellular respiration) to produce ATP.

They change shape to squeeze out of blood vessels. They contain granules holding signaling molecules, enzymes, and antimicrobial compounds. They contain a nucleus, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. They use aerobic respiration (cellular respiration) to produce ATP.

Which of the following are true about erythrocytes? Choose ALL that apply. -They use aerobic respiration (cellular respiration) to produce ATP. -They have flexible cytoskeletons to bend in narrow capillaries. -They are cell fragments full of vesicles and cytoskeletal filaments. They contract in response to nerve signals. -They contain granules holding signaling molecules, enzymes, and antimicrobial compounds. -They contain large amounts of hemoglobin. -They contain a nucleus, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. -They change shape to squeeze out of blood vessels. -They do not divide or produce proteins. -They lack a nucleus, ribosomes, and mitochondria.

They contain large amounts of hemoglobin. They do not divide or produce proteins. They lack a nucleus, ribosomes, and mitochondria. They have flexible cytoskeletons to bend in narrow capillaries.

Which of the following is NOT included in a CBC? hemoglobin hemotocrit platelet count RBC count WBC count thyroxin level

Thyroxin level

thrombus:

a blood clot in an unbroken blood vessel

embolus

a blood clot that travels along a blood vessel

hemophilia

a genetic disorder affecting one of the blood clotting factors

Arrythmia

abnormal heart rate

Osmolarity

amount of solute in the blood that attracts water

Christy has type O+ blood. Which antibodies are present in her plasma (assume she has been exposed to all the antigens before)? Choose all that apply. anti-O anti-B anti-A anti-D anti-AB

anti-A anti-B

Anna has type A+ blood. Which antibodies are present in her plasma (assume she has been exposed to all the antigens before)? Choose all that apply. anti-D anti-O anti-AB anti-A anti-B

anti-B

Evelyn has type AB- blood. Which antibodies are present in her plasma (assume she has been exposed to all the antigens before)? Choose all that apply. anti-D anti-O anti-B anti-A anti-AB

anti-D

What is the most important buffer system in the blood? - amino acids in the blood - serum albumin - bilirubin - Na+ - bicarbonate buffer system - thrombocytes

bicarbonate buffer system

What happens to the blood volume and the blood pressure if the blood osmolarity is high due to extra salt (Na+)? -blood volume decreases and blood pressure decreases -blood volume increases and blood pressure increases -blood volume and blood pressure are not affected by osmolarity -blood volume increases and blood pressure decreases -blood volume decreases and blood pressure increases

blood volume increases and blood pressure increases

Which of the following is NOT a risk associated with hypertension? blood vessel damage bone loss enlarged heart heart failure kidney failure stroke

bone loss

Match the component with its role in hemostasis. Plasmin

breaks down fibrin to dissolve blood clots

Match the molecule or cell part with what happens to it when an erythrocyte dies. proteins

broken down into amino acids to be used again

Which of the following may cause leukopenia? Choose ALL that apply. chemotherapy chronic hypoxia (smoking, exercise, high altitude) dehydration heavy metal poisoning heparin some infections iron deficiency leukemia liver disease streptokinase vitamin B deficiency vitamin K deficiency

chemotherapy heavy metal poisoning some infections

Which of the following may cause polycythemia? Choose ALL that apply. chemotherapy chronic hypoxia (smoking, exercise, high altitude) dehydration heavy metal poisoning heparin infection iron deficiency leukemia liver disease streptokinase vitamin B deficiency vitamin K deficiency

chronic hypoxia (smoking, exercise, high altitude) dehydration

Which of the following is NOT a common location to detect the pulse? brachial artery carotid artery circumflex artery dorsal pedal artery femoral artery radial artery

circumflex artery

Match the type of leukocyte with its function. Eosinophil

contain enzymes to fight parasitic infections

Platelets

contribute to blood clotting

Match the molecule or cell part with what happens to it when an erythrocyte dies. heme

converted into bilirubin

Which of the following lifestyle changes decrease hypertension? Choose ALL that apply. bed rest decreasing sodium intake drinking more wine eating more fatty foods exercising regularly increasing sugar intake playing video games smoking more reducing stress

decreasing sodium intake exercising regularly reducing stress

Which of the following may cause leukocytosis? Choose ALL that apply. chemotherapy chronic hypoxia (smoking, exercise, high altitude) dehydration heavy metal poisoning heparin infection iron deficiency leukemia liver disease streptokinase vitamin B deficiency vitamin K deficiency

dehydration infection leukemia

What is the formula for hematocrit?

dividing the height of the red blood cells by the height of the blood sample X 100

Match the component with its role in hemostasis. Thrombin

enzyme that cuts fibrinogen into fibrin

iron deficiency anemia:

erythrocytes do not contain enough hemoglobin

Name the process of making erythrocytes. (spelling counts!)

erythropoiesis

The liver and kidneys increase the production of red blood cells by releasing ___. (spelling counts!)

erythropoietin

obstructive jaundice:

excess bilirubin in the blood due to blocked flow of bile

hemolytic jaundice:

excess bilirubin in the blood due to breakdown of RBCs

hepatic jaundice:

excess bilirubin in the blood due to liver dysfunction

Match the component with its role in hemostasis. damaged blood vessels

expose molecules that are sticky to platelets

Tachycardia

fast heart rate

tachycardia:

fast heart rate

What is the function of immunoglobulins? -main contributor to plasma osmolarity and viscosity -fight infection -contribute to blood clotting -main component of blood clots -transport lipids and hormones -speed up reactions -buffer changes in blood pH -transport copper and iron atoms

fight infection

Leukocytes

fight infection and respond to tissue damage

Match the molecule or cell part with what happens to it when an erythrocyte dies. urochrome

filtered from the blood by the kidneys

Match the type of leukocyte with its function. Neutrophil

first to respond, but short lived; phagocytizes bacteria, viruses, fungi

Match the component with its role in hemostasis. Fibrin

forms a sticky network that traps cells to form a blood clot

Match the component with its role in hemostasis. Red blood cells

get caught in a network of fibrin to cause a blood clot

polycythemia:

high RBC count / high hematocrit

Hypertension

high blood pressure

Match the type of leukocyte with its function. Lymphocyte

involved in immunity to specific pathogens

Plasma

liquid part of blood

Match the component with its role in hemostasis. Fibrinogen

long protein produced by the liver and found in the plasma

A heart rate of 52 is ___ for a healthy adult. high low

low

hemorrhagic anemia:

low RBC count due to blood loss

aplastic anemia:

low RBC count due to destruction of the bone marrow

Hemolytic anemia

low RBC count due to excessive breakdown of RBCs

Hypotension

low blood pressure

What is the function of fibrinogen? -main component of blood clots -speed up reactions -main contributor to plasma osmolarity and viscosity -transport copper and iron atoms -transport lipids and hormones -buffer changes in blood pH -fight infection

main component of blood clots

What are the functions of serum albumin? Choose ALL that apply. -buffer changes in blood pH -transport lipids and hormones -transport copper and iron atoms -speed up reactions -main contributor to plasma osmolarity and viscosity -main component of blood clots -contribute to blood clotting -fight infection

main contributor to plasma osmolarity and viscosity buffer changes in blood pH transport lipids and hormones

In the test above, a darker color indicates ___. anemia dehydration jaundice higher blood pressure lower blood pressure more hemoglobin in the blood less hemoglobin in the blood more red blood cells fewer red blood cells

more hemoglobin in the blood

A blood pressure of 96/66 is ___ for a healthy adult. High Low Normal

normal

A heart rate of 84 is ___ for a healthy adult. high low normal

normal

leukopenia:

not enough leukocytes / low WBC count

thrombocytopenia:

not enough platelets / low platelet count

Erythropoiesis is regulated in response to the ___. blood osmolarity blood viscosity blood type hematocrit level of protein in the blood oxygen level in the blood

oxygen level in the blood

Match the molecule or cell part with what happens to it when an erythrocyte dies. cell parts

phagocytized by macrophages

Match the type of leukocyte with its function. Monocyte

phagocytizes bacteria, foreign material, and dead cells

What components contribute to the viscosity of the blood? Choose BOTH that apply. -ions -oxygen -proteins -formed elements -water -blood vessels -wastes

proteins formed elements

Osmosis

pulls water back into the capillaries

Filtration

pushes water and dissolved solutes out of the capillaries

Where are red blood cells made in healthy adults? Choose ALL that apply. gall bladder liver red bone marrow spleen yellow bone marrow

red bone marrow

Match the type of leukocyte with its function. Basophil

release histamine and heparin to increase blood flow

Viscosity

resistance to flow (thickness)

Which of the following are NOT found dissolved in the plasma? Choose ALL that apply. proteins ions gasses hormones wastes nutrients saliva cells

saliva cells

Match the molecule or cell part with what happens to it when an erythrocyte dies. hemoglobin

separated into protein part and heme

Bradycardia

slow heart rate

bradycardia:

slow heart rate

Match the component with its role in hemostasis. Platelets

stick to damaged blood vessels form a temporary plug

Match the component with its role in hemostasis. Platelet-derived growth factor

stimulates cell division and fibrosis to repair the vessel.

leukocytosis:

too many leukocytes / high WBC count

thrombocytosis:

too many platelets / high platelet count

What are the functions of alpha and beta globulins? Choose ALL that apply. -buffer changes in blood pH -main component of blood clots -contribute to blood clotting -main contributor to plasma osmolarity and viscosity -transport lipids and hormones -speed up reactions -fight infection -transport copper and iron atoms

transport copper and iron atoms transport lipids and hormones contribute to blood clotting

Match the molecule or cell part with what happens to it when an erythrocyte dies. iron

transported to the bone marrow to be used again

Match the molecule or cell part with what happens to it when an erythrocyte dies. bilirubin

transported to the liver and incorporated into the bile

Anna has type A+ blood. To whom can she donate blood? Choose all that apply. type A- type O- type AB+ type O+ type AB- type B- type B+ type A+

type A+ type AB+

Anna has type A+ blood. From whom can she receive blood? Choose all that apply. type A- type AB- type A+ type B- type O- type B+ type AB+ type O+

type A+ type O+ type A- type O-

Christy has type O+ blood. To whom can she donate blood? Choose all that apply. type B- type B+ type AB+ type A+ type A- type O- type O+ type AB-

type A+ type O+ type B+ type AB+

Evelyn has type AB- blood. To whom can she donate blood? Choose all that apply. type A- type A+ type O+ type B+ type O- type AB+ type B- type AB-

type AB+ type AB-

Evelyn has type AB- blood. From whom can she receive blood? Choose all that apply. type A+ type B+ type B- type AB+ type O- type AB- type A- type O+

type AB- type A- type B- type O-

What blood type has coagulation in RH?

type O+

Christy has type O+ blood. From whom can she receive blood? Choose all that apply. type AB- type A+ type O- type B- type AB+ type A- type B+ type O+

type O+ type O-