bio 8.1

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chromosome ____ is the largest chromosome

1

the number of human genes is about ______ to ______

20,000: 22,000

a normal human male has

22 pairs of autosomes and one X and one Y chromosome

humans have ______ bases divided among ______ chromosomes

3 billion: 23 pairs of

an international project to sequence the entire human genome

Human Genome Project

most sex-linked genes are located on the ____ chromosome

X

female

XX

male

XY

what are sex-linked genes?

a gene located on a sex chromosome

linked genes

are on the same chromosome

chromosomes 1-22 are known as ______

autosome

chromosomes that contain genes for characteristics that are unrelated to sex

autosome

what are autosomes?

chromosome 1-22 in humans that contain genes for characteristics unrelated to sex

23 pairs in humans

chromosomes

humans have 23 pairs of _____

chromosomes

20,000 to 22,000 in humans

gene

differences in alleles account for the considerable _____ variation among people

genetic

the human _____ is all of the DNA of a human

genome

all of the DNA of the human species

human genome

linkage explains why certain characteristics are frequently _____ together

inherited

most of the human genome is made of

intergenic regions

shows the locations of genes on a chromosome

linkage map

genes on non-homologus chromosomes are not ____

linked

genes that are located on the same chromosome are _____ genes

linked

genes that are located on the same chromosome

linked genes

a linkage _____ shows the locations of a genes on a chromosome

map

the goal of the Human Genome Project was to

sequence all 3 billion base pairs of human DNA

the X and Y chromosomes are known as the _____ chromosomes

sex

determine the sex of a person

sex chromosomes

genes located on the sex chromosomes

sex-linked genes

what does a linkage map show?

shows the positions of genes on a chromosome based on the frequency of crossing-over between the genes

which of the following statements is correct?

the higher the frequency of crossing-over, the closer together on the same chromosome the genes are presumed to be

differences between the x and y chromosomes include...

the x chromosome has many more genes than the Y chromosome: virtually all of the X chromosome genes are unrelated to sex, whereas the Y chromosome contains genes that determine sex: both males and females have only one functioning copy of the X chromosome in each cell

what are sex chromosomes?

the x or y chromosome (in humans)

how is a carrier different from a person who has a genetic disease?

they do not have the disease but can pass it on to offspring

genes on the x-chromosome

x-linked gene


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