Bio Chap. 10-12
Which line of evidence for evolution can be gathered from the following example? Breed different frog and salamander species to monitor and compare the development of the fertilized eggs. Choose one: A. Common patterns of embryo development B. Direct observation of evolution through artificial selection C. Fossil evidence D. Shared characteristics among living organisms E. Biogeographic evidence F. Similarities and divergences in DNA
A. Common patterns of embryo development
Which of the following statements about adaptations is FALSE? Choose one: A. Examples of adaptations are difficult to find in the natural world. B. Many adaptations appear complex, even though they are caused by simple mechanisms. C. Adaptations provide a close match between the organism and its environment. D. All adaptations help the organism accomplish important functions.
A. Examples of adaptations are difficult to find in the natural world.
Which of the following is NOT considered a prezygotic reproductive barrier that could cause speciation between two populations in the absence of geographic isolation? Choose one: A. Hybrids produced by two species survive poorly. B. The mating behaviors of two species are different. C. Two species breed at different times of the day. D. Two species are physically incapable of mating.
A. Hybrids produced by two species survive poorly.
When natural selection is operating, which of the following is likely to occur? Choose one: A. Individuals within a population may have greater survival than others. B. The evolution of a population is driven by random natural events. C. Mutations that occur in one cell are spread to the remainder of the cells in an organism. D. The characteristics of individuals will evolve over their lifetime.
A. Individuals within a population may have greater survival than others.
Which of the following statements about genetic variation is true? Choose one: A. Mutation is the ultimate source of new alleles. B. Mutations that result in the production of new alleles are quite common. C. New alleles are formed during sexual reproduction. D. The only source of genetic variation is mutation.
A. Mutation is the ultimate source of new alleles.
What did Darwin and Wallace mean when they concluded that species "descend with modification"? Choose one: A. New species arise from previous species. B. New species arise as separate acts of creation. C. New species arise only as a result of hybridization between two related species. D. Individuals in a population become modified throughout their lifetime, giving rise to new species.
A. New species arise from previous species.
Which line of evidence for evolution can be gathered from the following example? Compare the tooth structure between a grizzly, chimpanzee, human, and gorilla. Choose one: A. Shared characteristics among living organisms B. Direct observation of evolution through artificial selection C. Similarities and divergences in DNA D. Biogeographic evidence E. Common patterns of embryo development F. Fossil evidence
A. Shared characteristics among living organisms
Which statement best decribes why there were more purple (MRSA) bacteria in the population after passing through the seive (antibioitc treatment)? Choose one: A. The yellow bacteria represent bacteria that are NOT resistant to antibiotic treatment, leaving the purple bacteria (resistant) to survive and reproduce. B. The yellow bacteria are repelled by the antibiotic treatment. C. The yellow bacteria could not pass through the sieve. D. The yellow bacteria are resistant to antibiotic treatment, leaving them to survive and reproduce.
A. The yellow bacteria represent bacteria that are NOT resistant to antibiotic treatment, leaving the purple bacteria (resistant) to survive and reproduce.
Evolution acts on traits, not genes. Is the genetic code able to tell us about the evolutionary relationship between organisms? Choose one: A. Yes, because DNA holds the information that codes for traits. B. No, because DNA is not a physical trait. C. No, because the genetic code is universal. D. Yes, because DNA is an example of an evolutionary trait.
A. Yes, because DNA holds the information that codes for traits.
Biological evolution is defined as Choose one: A. a change in the frequencies of inherited traits in a population of organisms over several generations. B. a change in the frequency of inherited traits in an individual within a generation. C. a change in the frequency of nonheritable traits in a population of organisms over several generations. D. a change in the frequencies of inherited traits in a population of organisms within a generation.
A. a change in the frequencies of inherited traits in a population of organisms over several generations.
The geographic locations where related organisms and fossils are found is referred to as Choose one: A. biogeography. B. speciation. C. continental drift. D. plate tectonics.
A. biogeography.
Both human and bird embryos have gill slits. This indicates that Choose one: A. birds and mammals have a common ancestor. B. birds and mammals are undergoing convergent evolution. C. mammals evolved from birds. D. birds and mammals will develop similar lung structures.
A. birds and mammals have a common ancestor.
The movement of continents is called Choose one: A. continental drift. B. continental tectonics. C. continental spread. D. continental flow.
A. continental drift.
Alleles are Choose one: A. different versions of the same gene produced by mutation. B. different versions of different genes. C. the same genes in different species. D. different genes on the same chromosome.
A. different versions of the same gene produced by mutation.
Which pattern of natural selection is the most commonly observed? Choose one: A. directional selection B. stabilizing selection C. disruptive selection
A. directional selection
Species that undergo sexual selection often have males and females that differ dramatically in phenotype, a phenomenon called sexual dimorphism. Since sexual dimorphism is a result of selection for the two extremes of a phenotypic trait, what pattern of selection is this? Choose one: A. disruptive B. stabilizing C. directional
A. disruptive
Organisms that are most closely related will have Choose one: A. embryos that look the most similar for the longest. B. embryos that are interchangeable. C. embryos that looks identical until a few weeks before birth or hatching. D. embryos that only look alike if the adult organisms also look alike.
A. embryos that look the most similar for the longest.
An organism that is widely distributed likely Choose one: A. evolved before the separation of Pangaea. B. uses vestigial structures to adapt to new locations. C. develops rapidly to produce more offspring than other organisms. D. evolved after the separation of Pangaea.
A. evolved before the separation of Pangaea.
Which single reproductive event (or lack thereof) determines whether a reproductive barrier is postzygotic or prezygotic? Choose one: A. fertilization B. oogenesis C. hybridization D. courtship
A. fertilization
Reproductive isolation can occur in a number of ways, but the net effect is always the same in that Choose one: A. few or no genes flow between populations. B. hybridization must take place before new species can form. C. the rate of speciation slows down. D. it causes geographic isolation between organisms.
A. few or no genes flow between populations.
Which of the following cannot occur when a population is in reproductive isolation from others of its kind? Choose one: A. gene flow B. mutation C. nonrandom mating D. natural selection
A. gene flow
Transition fossils _____. Choose one: A. have intermediate traits between modern organisms and their ancestors. B. are incomplete fossils that can be identified only by DNA sequencing. C. are found dispersed throughout all the continents except Antarctica. D. are found in regions of the ocean below where the continents were during the time of Pangaea.
A. have intermediate traits between modern organisms and their ancestors.
A cat paw and a bat wing are examples of Choose one: A. homologous structures. B. vestigial structures. C. embryonic structures. D. analogous structures.
A. homologous structures.
A population susceptible to genetic bottlenecks would have which of the following characteristics? Choose one: A. small population size B. high mutation rates C. high levels of gene flow D. sexual selection
A. small population size
Anteaters and some whales lack teeth as adults. The presence of teeth in the embryos of these creatures is evidence that Choose one: A. these species share a common ancestry with animals that have adult teeth. B. the embryos have a very different diet from that of the adults. C. these species are the product of artificial selection. D. all animals must undergo some type of embryological development.
A. these species share a common ancestry with animals that have adult teeth.
Using the definition of natural selection, calculate which animal in the pair below has been chosen by the environment to be the "winner". Choose one: A. A female mouse that averages five litters per year with five pups in each litter B. A female mouse that averages three litters per year with 10 pups in each litter C. A female mouse that averages six litters a year with four pups in each litter
B. A female mouse that averages three litters per year with 10 pups in each litter
_______ is a drop in the size of a population for at least one generation that causes a loss of genetic variation. Choose one: A. Genetic drift B. A genetic bottleneck C. Gene flow D. The founder effect
B. A genetic bottleneck
Using the definition of natural selection, calculate which animal in the pair below has been chosen by the environment to be the "winner." Choose one: A. A male mouse that mates with 12 females with an average litter size of 8 pups B. A male mouse that mates with 10 females and produces an average litter size of 12 pups C. A male mouse that mates with 15 females with an average litter size of 6 pups
B. A male mouse that mates with 10 females and produces an average litter size of 12 pups
Which of the following statements accurately describes adaptive evolution? Choose one: A. Adaptive evolution leads to a perfect fit between a population and the environment. B. Adaptive evolution better allows a population to survive in its environment. C. Adaptive evolution only occurs when a population moves into a new geographic location. D. Adaptive evolution occurs when an organism recognizes the need for a new trait.
B. Adaptive evolution better allows a population to survive in its environment.
Which of the following would NOT be considered as one of the steps in the evolutionary process? Choose one: A. Natural selection acts on the genetic variation present in a population. B. Allele frequencies in an individual change over time. C. Random mutations and genetic rearrangements occur. D. Inheritable characteristics are produced by random genetic events, such as mutation.
B. Allele frequencies in an individual change over time
Which line of evidence for evolution can be gathered from the following example? Breed different vegetables from common wild mustard, Brassica oleracea. Choose one: A. Similarities and divergences in DNA B. Direct observation of evolution through artificial selection C. Shared characteristics among living organisms D. Fossil evidence E. Common patterns of embryo development F. Biogeographic evidence
B. Direct observation of evolution through artificial selection
Which group of vertebrate species should be easiest to distinguish from each other at an early stage of embryonic development? Choose one: A. Mouse, human, and pig B. Fish, tortoise, and human C. Human, chimpanzee, and gorilla
B. Fish, tortoise, and human
With which of the following statements would an evolutionary biologist agree? Choose one: A. There has been no significant change in organisms through time. B. Mutations provide the foundation for evolutionary change. C. Evolving populations rarely show changes in their genetic makeup. D. The fossil record is the only source of evidence in favor of evolution.
B. Mutations provide the foundation for evolutionary change.
How did Thewissen et al. use the thickness of fossil leg bones to determine if a species was aquatic, land-dwelling and aquatic, or land-dwelling? Choose one: A. Thicker bones provide better defense against predators for land-based animals; therefore, thicker bones indicate life on land. B. Thicker bones make it easier for an aquatic animal to dive and avoid predators or find forage; therefore, thicker bones indicate an aquatic lifestyle. C. Thinner bones help land animals run faster to either catch prey or avoid being prey; therefore, thinner bones indicate life on land. D. Thinner bones have larger marrow spaces and float better; therefore, thinner bones indicate life on land. E. Thinner bones make is easier for a water-dwelling animal to swim; therefore, thinner bones indicate an aquatic lifestyle.
B. Thicker bones make it easier for an aquatic animal to dive and avoid predators or find forage; therefore, thicker bones indicate an aquatic lifestyle.
Reproductive isolation is to speciation as natural selection is to Choose one: A. polyploidy. B. adaptive evolution. C. hybridization. D. ecological isolation.
B. adaptive evolution.
The percentage of specific alleles within a population is referred to as Choose one: A. population frequency. B. allele frequency. C. species frequency. D. gene frequency.
B. allele frequency.
When different species mate and produce fertile offspring, those offspring Choose one: A. are automatically considered new species. B. are said to be the product of hybridization. C. usually are more successful than their parents. D. show the characteristics of only one parent.
B. are said to be the product of hybridization.
With abundant food supplies available, the lizards transplanted to Mrcaru island were less territorial and reproduced more frequently than the lizards on Kopiste. This is an example of a _________ adaptation. Choose one: A. structural B. behavioral C. biochemical D. morphological
B. behavioral
Which of the following would NOT be used to determine whether two populations are one species using the biological species concept? Choose one: A. determining whether the populations are reproductively isolated from other populations B. determining the degree of difference in physical characteristics C. determining whether the populations can produce fertile offspring D. determining whether the populations can interbreed
B. determining the degree of difference in physical characteristics
A species of bird lives in an area where large and small seeds are common, but medium-size seeds are not. Birds with large beaks are adept at eating large seeds and birds with small beaks are adept at eating small seeds. This population will likely undergo Choose one: A. artificial selection. B. disruptive selection. C. directional selection. D. stabilizing selection.
B. disruptive selection.
Species that fail to adapt to changing environmental conditions can become ____________, a fate that has befallen approximately _____% of species that have ever lived on Earth. Choose one: A. endangered; 99 B. extinct; 99 C. threatened; 65 D. abundant; 83
B. extinct; 99
A tourist collects a handful of seeds during a hiking trip and plants them at home, where the species had previously never grown. The seeds germinate and establish a new population. This is an example of Choose one: A. gene flow. B. founder effect. C. bottleneck. D. artificial selection.
B. founder effect.
A storm kills all of the plants on a hillside; the rest of the population is unharmed. This is an example of Choose one: A. founder effect. B. genetic drift. C. bottleneck. D. gene flow.
B. genetic drift.
Which of the following is NOT a barrier that can lead to reproductive isolation between species living in the same geographic region? Choose one: A. zygote death B. hybridization C. behavioral isolation D. hybrid performance
B. hybridization
If you only had preserved specimens of the fish in the image to study, you would likely apply the _____ species concept. If you had a population of 10 individuals of each species and could test to see if they reproduced with each other, you could apply the _____ species concept.
B. morphological; biological
Continental drift refers to Choose one: A. decline in volcanic activity. B. movement of Earth's tectonic plates. C. the change in the seasons that results from the tilt of the Earth's axis. D. the change in climate over time.
B. movement of Earth's tectonic plates.
Genetic drift is a change in allele frequencies produced by _____. Choose one: A. directed differences in survival and reproduction among individuals in a population. B. random differences in survival and reproduction among the individuals in a population. C. random differences in survival and reproduction among individuals in different populations. D. random differences in survival and reproduction among individuals of different species.
B. random differences in survival and reproduction among the individuals in a population.
When new species form in the absence of a geographic barrier, it is called _________ speciation. Choose one: A. allopatric B. sympatric C. micro D. macro
B. sympatric
Biological evolution is best defined as Choose one: A. characteristics that improve the chances of survival for a particular organism. B. the change in genetic characteristics of populations over time. C. random shifts in the genetic makeup of a population. D. allowing only individuals with certain characteristics to breed.
B. the change in genetic characteristics of populations over time.
The genetic mutations that occur in organisms are Choose one: A. predictable by scientists before they actually occur. B. the raw material of evolution. C. relatively rare events that have little consequence for evolution. D. directed toward a particular adaptive goal.
B. the raw material of evolution.
A definition of the term "species" that is based on morphology is most useful Choose one: A. for organisms that live in the same area. B. when classifying fossil species. C. for organisms that produce hybrids. D. in organisms that use sexual reproduction.
B. when classifying fossil species.
A particular gene in a population has two alleles, C and c. If the allele frequency of C=0.7, what is the frequency of c? Choose one: A. 0.7 B. 1.0 C. 0.3 D. 0.0
C. 0.3
Consider a mouse population with a total of 500 alleles for a specific gene. How many individuals are in this population? Choose one: A. 125 B. 1,000 C. 250 D. 500
C. 250
Which population would be most likely to survive and evolve with a change in the selective environment? Choose one: A. A small population with high genetic diversity B. A large population with low genetic diversity C. A large population with high genetic diversity D. A small population with low genetic diversity
C. A large population with high genetic diversity
Oxygen isotopes present in the teeth of Indohyus were used to determine its lifestyle (aquatic or terrestrial or transitional between aquatic and terrestrial). What was Indohyus's life style, and why was this an important clue to understanding the overall picture of whale evolution? Choose one: A. Indohyus had a completely terrestrial life style. The fossil provided the starting point for determining the lineage of whale evolution. B. Indohyus had a completely aquatic lifestyle as indicated by oxygen isotopes in its teeth. This fossil represents the most recent ancestor of modern whales. C. Indohyus had levels of oxygen isotopes in its teeth that matched modern water-going mammals, suggesting that it spent a significant amount of time in the water but was not totally aquatic. Indohyus provided evidence for the transition from land to water. D. Indohyus had levels of oxygen isotopes in its teeth that matched modern completely terrestrial mammals. Indohyus represents an intermediate stage in the lineage of whale evolution.
C. Indohyus had levels of oxygen isotopes in its teeth that matched modern water-going mammals, suggesting that it spent a significant amount of time in the water but was not totally aquatic. Indohyus provided evidence for the transition from land to water.
Many bizarre plants and animals inhabit the Galáapagos Islands, as young Charles Darwin observed when he visited there in the early 1830s. Which of the following is the most likely reason that oceanic islands often have such unusual inhabitants? Choose one: A. Natural selection does not work on islands. B. Evolution takes place more slowly on islands than it does elsewhere. C. Islands are isolated and thus susceptible to strong natural selection. D. Artificial selection is more common on islands than on the mainland.
C. Islands are isolated and thus susceptible to strong natural selection.
Which of the following statements about gene flow is true? Choose one: A. It rarely occurs in natural populations. B. It reduces the genetic variation within a single population. C. It reduces the genetic variation between different populations. D. It reduces the movement of alleles between populations.
C. It reduces the genetic variation between different populations.
Which line of evidence for evolution can be gathered from the following example? Sequence the DNA of multiple species belonging to the genus Boltonia to compare amino acid sequences. Choose one: A. Biogeographic evidence B. Fossil evidence C. Similarities and divergences in DNA D. Common patterns of embryo development E. Direct observation of evolution through artificial selection F. Shared physical characteristics among living organisms
C. Similarities and divergences in DNA
Which of the following statements is true? Choose one: A. Sympatric speciation always follows allopatric speciation. B. Sympatric speciation requires geographic isolation of populations. C. Sympatric speciation can occur in the absence of geographic isolation. D. Speciation cannot occur without geographic isolation.
C. Sympatric speciation can occur in the absence of geographic isolation.
Which of the following reproductive barriers that isolate sympatric species would prevent mating from occurring? Choose one: A. poor survival of hybrids B. gametic isolation C. behavioral isolation D. death of zygotes
C. behavioral isolation
A parasitic mite that lives on the feathers of certain birds has specially adapted parts that allow it to remain attached. In response, the structure of the birds' feathers changes to cause the mites to be shed regularly. This is considered Choose one: A. allopatric speciation. B. convergent evolution. C. coevolution. D. sympatric speciation.
C. coevolution.
Which of the following animals is a product of artificial selection? Choose one: A. tuna B. medium ground finch C. dalmation D. horse
C. dalmation
Geographic isolation is said to occur whenever populations are separated by a distance great enough to limit Choose one: A. polyploidy. B. domestication. C. gene flow. D. hybridization.
C. gene flow.
Which of the following is more likely to occur when a population of organisms is small? Choose one: A. natural selection B. mutation C. genetic drift D. random mating
C. genetic drift
Evolution acts on genetic differences between organisms within a population. These genetic differences are the result of Choose one: A. natural selection. B. adaptation. C. heritable changes in the DNA. D. artificial selection.
C. heritable changes in the DNA.
Two organisms have very different limb structures but evolved from a common ancestor. This is an example of Choose one: A. analogous traits. B. convergent evolution. C. homologous traits. D. directional evolution.
C. homologous traits.
Which of the following is an example of rapid evolutionary change in a population? Choose one: A. average birth weight in humans B. genetic bottlenecks in prairie chickens C. pesticide resistance in insects D. sexual selection in gophers and pine trees
C. pesticide resistance in insects
Which of the following must take place for speciation to occur? Choose one: A. geographic isolation B. hybridization C. reproductive isolation D. polyploidy
C. reproductive isolation
Artificial selection is when humans Choose one: A. increase the rate of natural selection. B. alter natural selection. C. select which organisms will breed. D. add chemicals and other selective pressures to the environment.
C. select which organisms will breed.
Biologists use the word _____ to refer to members of a group of organisms that can mate with one another and produce fertile offspring. Choose one: A. hybrids B. populations C. species D. chimeras
C. species
Which of the following does NOT contribute to the spread of antibiotic resistance among pathogenic bacteria? Choose one: A. the transfer of resistance genes between bacteria B. indiscriminate use of antibiotics C. stable internal temperatures within humans D. poor sanitation in areas where pathogenic microbes are plentiful
C. stable internal temperatures within humans
The evolutionary effects of genetic drift are Choose one: A. shaped by nonrandom selective forces. B. most obvious in large populations. C. usually random and unpredictable. D. always the same as those of natural selection.
C. usually random and unpredictable.
Which line of evidence for evolution can be gathered from the following example? Compare the internal bone structure of mineralized remains of previously living organisms to currently living organisms. Choose one: A. Shared characteristics among living organisms B. Biogeographic evidence C. Common patterns of embryo development D. Fossil evidence E. Similarities and divergences in DNA F. Direct observation of evolution through artificial selection
D. Fossil evidence
Which of these choices is NOT a common characteristic shared by all mammals? Choose one: A. Have a backbone B. Nurse young from mammary glands C. Warm-blooded D. Live on land
D. Live on land
Do antibiotics create resistant strains of bacteria? Choose one: A. Yes, overuse of antibiotics causes the DNA of bacteria to mutate and the bacteria becomes resistant. B. No, antibiotics can work only on the strain they were tested for. C. Yes, overexposure to antibiotics causes the proteins on the surface of the bacteria to change. D. No, to become resistant to antibiotics, individual(s) in a population must randomly mutate and that mutation, if heritable, causes the bacterial population to become resistant to antibiotics.
D. No, to become resistant to antibiotics, individual(s) in a population must randomly mutate and that mutation, if heritable, causes the bacterial population to become resistant to antibiotics.
A soft-bodied animal fossil dates back to 600 million years. A trilobite fossil dates back to 400 million years. A fern fossil dates back to 300 million years. All of these fossils were found in a single region. Which of the following statements is true? Choose one: A. All three fossils were likely found in the same soil stratum. B. The fern is most likely to be found in the lowest stratum of soil. C. The trilobite is most likely to be found in the lowest stratum of soil. D. The soft-bodied animal is most likely to be found in the lowest stratum of soil.
D. The soft-bodied animal is most likely to be found in the lowest stratum of soil.
When coevolution occurs, an adaptation in one species results in Choose one: A. a population increase in another species. B. a population reduction in another species. C. an extinction of another species. D. a reciprocal adaptation in another species.
D. a reciprocal adaptation in another species.
An intermediate fossil is mineralized evidence of Choose one: A. a species completely unrelated to the one under study. B. an unrelated species that has some similarities ONLY to the descendant species. C. an unrelated species that has some similarities ONLY to the ancestral group. D. a species with some similarities to the ancestral group and some similarities to the descendant species.
D. a species with some similarities to the ancestral group and some similarities to the descendant species.
Which of the following is responsible for the nearly perfect match in color pattern between a species of praying mantis (an insect) and the leaves on which it rests? Choose one: A. sympatric speciation B. allopatric speciation C. genetic drift D. adaptive evolution
D. adaptive evolution
Which of the following definitions is not correctly paired? Choose one: A. sympatric speciation - speciation between populations that lack geographic isolation B. adaptation - a process that improves the reproductive fitness of organisms over time C. prezygotic barrier - reproductive barrier that isolates two species in the same geographic area prior to fertilization D. coevolution - development of similar adaptive traits in organisms in geographic isolation
D. coevolution - development of similar adaptive traits in organisms in geographic isolation
The tube that allows for horizontal gene transfer in bacteria is called a
D. conjugation tube
The process that occurs when two closely related species in the same area become reproductively isolated by slight differences in habitat is Choose one: A. genetic isolation. B. geographical isolation. C. allopatric isolation. D. ecological isolation.
D. ecological isolation.
A tourist brings home a small fish and releases it into a nearby lake. This fish is able to breed with fish already in the lake. The lake population is mainly orange and this fish is white. This is an example of Choose one: A. bottleneck. B. genetic drift. C. founder effect. D. gene flow.
D. gene flow
_____ has the highest number of "known" (described by science) eukaryotic species, while _____ is the group with the highest diversity although we have not identified most of them yet. Choose one: A. arachnids; insects B. plants; roundworms C. plants; mammals D. insects; bacteria
D. insects; bacteria
Sexual selection in a population Choose one: A. reduces genetic variation in the population. B. alters allele frequencies in a stable population. C. always favors individuals with a higher survival potential. D. is a special type of natural selection.
D. is a special type of natural selection.
Evolution _____ a settled issue in science and _____. Choose one: A. is not; is still not widely accepted in the scientific community. B. is; has been since the 1950's when the structure of DNA was elucidated. C. is; has been only in the last decade as technology has improved. D. is; has been for approximately 150 years.
D. is; has been for approximately 150 years.
Several generations into the future, a population of birds currently undergoing stabilizing selection will look Choose one: A. more like both of the extremes. B. more like one of the extremes. C. less like the current mean. D. more like the current mean.
D. more like the current mean.
What information do scientists use to classify species when using the morphological species concepts? Choose one: A. biochemical pathways B. behavioral characteristics C. DNA sequence information D. physical characteristics
D. physical characteristics
The rudimentary hind legs of a living python and the fully functional legs of other living reptiles are Choose one: A. anomalies of development that have nothing to do with evolution. B. examples of fossil evidence in favor of evolution. C. the result of developmental abnormalities that sometimes occur. D. shared characteristics that result from common descent.
D. shared characteristics that result from common descent.
Which of the following is an example of a shared characteristic between species that exist because of common evolutionary descent? Choose one: A. the similarity of color and pattern between frogs and their environment B. the type of flower that bees will preferentially pollinate C. mealybugs' ability or inability to feed on genetically engineered corn D. the number and type of bones in the limbs of vertebrates
D. the number and type of bones in the limbs of vertebrates
The hind legs of a snake are an example of a(n) Choose one: A. homologous structure. B. embryonic structure. C. analogous structure. D. vestigial structure.
D. vestigial structure.
Many whales have vestiges of thighbones. This indicates that Choose one: A. whales with thighbones are evolving to become terrestrial. B. whales are mutating to form new limbs. C. whales use this thighbone to help navigate through water. D. whales are descended from a four-limbed ancestor.
D. whales are descended from a four-limbed ancestor.
Which line of evidence for evolution can be gathered from the following example? Compare the plant and animal populations in a series of connected valleys. Choose one: A. Common patterns of embryo development B. Fossil evidence C. Direct observation of evolution through artificial selection D. Shared characteristics among living organisms E. Similarities and divergences in DNA F. Biogeographic evidence
F. Biogeographic evidence