Bio exam 2

During a laboratory experiment, you discover that an enzyme-catalyzed reaction has a delta G of -20 kcal/mol. If you double the amount of enzyme in the reaction, what will be the delta G for the new reaction?

-20 kcal/mol

The oxygen consumed during cellular respiration is involved directly in which process or event?

Accepting electrons at the end of the electron transport chain

Living organisms increase in complexity as they grow, resulting in a decrease in the entropy of an organism. How does this relate to the second law of thermodynamics?

As a consequence of growing, organisms cause a greater increase in entropy in their environment than the decrease in entropy associated with their growth

Which of the listed statements describes the results of the following reaction? C6H12O6+6O2-->6CO2+6H2O+Energy

C6H12O6 is oxidized and O2 is reduced

Hey system at chemical equilibrium

Can do no work

Increasing the substrate concentration in an enzymatic reaction could overcome which of the following?

Competitive inhibition

The mathematical expression for the change in free energy of a system is ^G=^H-T^S. which of the following is (Are) correct?

Delta G is the change in free energy

A chemical reaction that has a positive delta G is best described as

Endergonic

The mechanism in which the end product of a metabolic pathway inhibits an earlier step in the pathway is most precisely described as

Feedback inhibition

Biological evolution of life on earth, from simple prokaryote-like cells to large, multicellular eukaryotic organisms, ____________

Has occurred in accordance with the laws of thermodynamics

In solution, why do hydrolysis reactions occur more readily than condensation reactions?

Hydrolysis increases entropy and is exergonic.

When chemical, transport, or mechanical work is done by an organism, what happens to the heat generated?

It is lost to the environment

Why is ATP an important molecule in metabolism?

It provides energy coupling between exergonic and endergonic reactions.

The molecule that functions as the reducing agent (electron donor) in a redox or oxidation reduction reaction

Loses electrons and loses potential energy

Which of the following statements about NAD+ is true?

NAD+ is reduced to NADH during glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, and the citric acid cycle.

Anabolic pathways

consume energy to build up polymers from monomers

The lock-and-key analogy for enzymes applies to the _____.

specificity of enzymes binding to their substrate