bio exam 3

During exhalation, the pressure inside the lungs

is higher than atmospheric pressure, causing air to leave

When air entering the respiratory tract leaves the pharynx, it next enters the

larynx

located in the tonsils to filter out many of the microorganisms that enter the throat?

lymphocytes

Skin is able to prevent most microorganisms from entering the body by

mucous membranes act as a physical barrier preventing penetration by microbes.

In the ________ circuit, blood leaving the ________ ultimately delivers oxygen and nutrients to all of the body's tissues and organs.

pulmonary; lung capillaries

the movement of the stimulus that causes a heart contraction?

sinoatrial node

The aortic semilunar valve opens when the

the arterial pressure is lower than the ventricular pressure

lymphatic system

the network of vessels through which lymph drains from the tissues into the blood.

Fluid that "escapes" from the circulatory system due to high pressure is referred to as

Interstitial fluid.

Which one of the following best explains why humans must constantly breathe in oxygen in order to stay alive?

Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the process of cellular respiration, which results in the production of the ATPs required to fuel cell functions.

The fibrous sac that surrounds the heart and produces lubricant for heart contraction is the

Pericardium

characteristic of T lymphocytes but NOT B lymphocytes?

T cells can only recognize viral antigens outside the infected cells whereas B cells can recognize the surface antigens of bacteria and viruses

Which immune system cell must be presented with antigen by an antigen-presenting cell such as a macrophage, in order to become appropriately activated?

T lymphocyte

difference between viruses and bacteria

Viruses live only by penetrating cells & becoming part of them. While bacteria live on their own.

Each of the following is part of the systemic circuit EXCEPT the A) pulmonary arteries. B) aorta. C) left ventricle. D) superior vena cava. E) aortic semilunar valve.

a

Ventilation refers to the process by which

air moves into and out of the lungs

Life-threatening aneurisms are most likely to occur in

aortic or cerebral artery

Which one of the following plays the most significant role in regulating the distribution of blood into tissues?

arteries

Bacteria are helpful to humans in many ways, including all of the following EXCEPT which one? A) production of antibiotics B) production of soy sauce C) production of vitamins for the human body D) breakdown of raw sewage E) digestion of cellulose in the human intestine

b

involved in the process of breathing

circulatory system

Fluid in the lymphatic system, as well as interstitial fluid, is

derived from blood plasma

Which one of the following diseases is caused by a virus? A) syphilis B) toxic shock syndrome C) Lyme disease D) tuberculosis E) rabies

e