BIO Final
18. At the end of meiosis, a mouse cell that starts off with 24 total chromosomes will have how many chromosomes in each of the daughter cells produced at the end? a. 48 b. 12 c. 6 d. 24
12
What year did watson and crick make their discovery?
1950's
36. How many layers of phospholipids make up the plasma membrane? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4
2
39. Which of the following will result in genetic variation? a. Random Fertilization b. Independent assortment c. Cross over d. All of the above
All of the above
29. Which of the following is FALSE about an enzyme? a. They are often a protein b. Their shape relates to their function c. Any enzyme can break down any substance
Any enzyme can break down any substance
12. Cystic fibrosis is a recessive trait (c). Normal parents have a child with cystic fibrosis. Which of the following parental genotypes could be possible given that neither parent has cystic fibrosis? a. CC x CC b. cc x cc c. Cc x Cc d. CC x cc e. Not enough information to answer the question
Cc x Cc
25. What is the genotype of an individual who is heterozygous for the dominant phenotype dimples? a. dimples b. dd c. DD d. Dd e. Not enough information to answer the question
Dd
30. Cystic fibrosis is the result of misshapen phospholipids in the plasma membrane. a. True b. False
False
8. A professor varies the answer choices on an exam and the order in which the content is presented to determine the effect on student performance. This is an example of a controlled experiment. a. True b. False
False
28. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an UNSATURATED fat: a. Has bent fatty acid tails b. Is liquid at room temperature c. Has no double bonds in its fatty acid tails
Has no double bonds in its fatty acid tails
41. Which of the following organelles is the site for intracellular digestion? a. Plasma membrane b. Chloroplast c. Mitochondria d. Lysosomes
Lysosomes
43. The diagram to the right shows the action of beta- blockers in reducing anxiety. In this diagram, the plain triangles represent _____________, the triangles with rectangular tops represent ______________ and the ovals represent _________________.
Plain triangles = Adrenaline Triangles with rectangular tops= Beta-Blocker chemicals Ovals = receptor proteins
50. In which of the following locations do the Light reactions occur? a. Cytoplasm b. Stomata c. Stroma d. Thylakoid membranes
Thylakoid membranes
19. A chemical compound that releases hydroxide ions into a solution is called: a. A base b. A solvent c. An acid d. A salt
a. A base
9. What does the term "theory" mean to a scientist? a. A collection of accepted hypotheses that explain a wide range of natural phenomena b. A guess c. A proposed explanation for an observed, specific phenomenon d. A hypothesis that has been supported by the evidence of an experiment
a. A collection of accepted hypotheses that explain a wide range of natural phenomena
47. Choose the best explanation as to why both consumers and producers perform cellular respiration. a. Although they may obtain their sugars in different ways, both consumers and producers rely on cellular respiration to make ATP. b. Both consumers and producers perform cellular respiration to produce the sugars that will be "burned" to fuel the energy of life. c. Both consumers and producers perform cellular respiration to produce the oxygen necessary to sustain life. d. Both consumers and producers perform cellular respiration to produce the heat necessary to sustain life.
a. Although they may obtain their sugars in different ways, both consumers and producers rely on cellular respiration to make ATP.
46. Which of the following correctly describes gas exchange through stomata? a. CO2 goes in, O2 is released b. O2 goes in, CO2 is released c. O2 goes in, O2 is released
a. CO2 goes in, O2 is released
22. When a cell undergoes cytokinesis, an animal cell will have __________ while a plant cell will produce a ________________. a. Cell plate; cleavage furrow b. Cleavage furrow; cell plate c. Either of the above could be correct
a. Cell plate; cleavage furrow
33. Oxygen moves from a high concentration in your lungs to a lower concentration in the blood via which process? a. Diffusion b. Osmosis c. Cellular Respiration d. Photosynthesis
a. Diffusion
30. Phenotype is not always a direct reflection of genotype. Environmental factors can also effect the expression of genes. This study of this phenomenon is known as _____________________. a. Epigenetics b. Cross over c. Polygenetics
a. Epigenetics
42. Phospholipids assemble spontaneously into bilayers by the attraction of the "tail" portions to each other. Their TAIL regions are: a. Hydrophobic b. Cohesive c. Attracted to carbons in the membranes d. Hydrophilic
a. Hydrophobic
48. A person with type A blood type would have what possible genotype(s)? a. IAIA or IAi b. IBIB or IBi c. IAIB d. ii
a. IAIA or IAi
52. What is the role of mitochondria in plants? a. Produce ATP b. Photosynthesis c. Produce sugars d. None, as plants do not have mitochondria
a. Produce ATP
26. You mate a white bunny with a black bunny and have all black offspring. Your cousin takes a male and a female from the offspring and they have a litter of their own. Within that generation, you see variation (both black and white offspring). Which of the following statements is FALSE? a. The black bunny in the parent generation is heterozygous for the gene b. Black is dominant to white color in rabbits c. The white bunny is homozygous recessive for the gene d. All offspring in the first generation are heterozygous for the gene.
a. The black bunny in the parent generation is heterozygous for the gene
47. Which of the following does NOT describe a clone a. The gametes produced at the end of meiosis b. Any organism that has an exact copy of DNA of another organism c. The daughter cells produced at the end of mitosis d. Identical Twins
a. The gametes produced at the end of meiosis
39. Which structure selectively regulates the transport of substances into and out of a plant cell? a. The plasma membrane b. The Golgi apparatus c. The nucleus d. The chloroplast
a. The plasma membrane
29. Polygenic traits are a. Traits controlled by more than one gene b. Traits controlled by a gene only on the X sex chromosome c. A gene that controls more than one trait d. None of the above
a. Traits controlled by more than one gene
11. Water is a polar molecule because a. oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen. b. hydrogen is more electronegative than oxygen. c. oxygen has more electrons than hydrogen. d. hydrogen has more neutrons than oxygen. e. oxygen has more neutrons than hydrogen.
a. oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen.
2. Which of the following is true? a. My "theory" about how a crime occurred is a scientific theory b. A scientific theory explains what we know to this date about a natural event c. A scientific theory is a hunch about a natural event d. A scientific fact and a scientific theory carry the same weight in the scientific community
b. A scientific theory explains what we know to this date about a natural event
31. Which of the following statements is true? a. Prokaryotic cells are typically 10 to 100 times larger than eukaryotic cells. b. All prokaryotes are unicellular but eukaryotes could be either unicellular or multicellular. c. The degree of structural complexity is not a key characteristic of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. d. Only eukaryotic cells have DNA.
b. All prokaryotes are unicellular but eukaryotes could be either unicellular or multicellular.
15. If you were looking at a human cell, in which phase would see 23 homologous pairs split? a. Anaphase of Mitosis b. Anaphase I of Meiosis c. Anaphase II of Meiosis d. Any of the above
b. Anaphase I of Meiosis
18. If a water droplet were to land on a leaf with a waxy coating, you would see it form a bead shape. Which 2 characteristics of water will cause this to happen? a. High heat capacity and lower density when frozen b. Hydrogen bonding and polarity c. Polarity and high heat capacity d. High surface tension and high heat capacity.
b. Hydrogen bonding and polarity
38. In the question above, the tortoise-shell color is an example of a. Test Cross b. Incomplete dominance c. Co-dominance d. None of the above
b. Incomplete dominance
33. After the death of Michael Jackson, multiple women came forward claiming to be the secret mother of his child Blanket. Only 2 had credible claims. Given the following information, which of these women could be Blanket's biological mother? - Michael Jackson's blood type = A - Baby's blood type = AB - Mystery women #1's blood type= O - Mystery women #2's blood type = AB a. Mystery Woman #1 is the mother b. Mystery Woman #2 is the mother c. Neither woman could be the mot her d. Not enough information to answer this question
b. Mystery Woman #2 is the mother
24. Amino Acids are the building blocks for a. steroids. b. Proteins. c. disaccharides. d. lipids. e. DNA.
b. Proteins.
Which of the following organelles has attached ribosomes and is the site for protein packaging? a. Smooth ER b. Rough ER c. Golgi d. Mitochondria
b. Rough ER
13. Sodium Chloride (table salt) is an example of an ionic bond. In this bond, which of the following statements is TRUE? a. Chlorine (Cl) loses an electron which creates a negative charge b. Sodium (Na) loses an electron which creates a positive charge c. Sodium and Chlorine are sharing the electrons in their outer shells.
b. Sodium (Na) loses an electron which creates a positive charge
22. Which of the following is the form of a polysaccharide that plants form to store excess glucose? a. Chitin b. Starch c. Glycogen d. Any of the above
b. Starch
34. At your local deli, you see links of salami hanging from the ceiling. The owner ensures you that they are real and they are not rotting due to bacterial infestation. How can this be? a. Salami is indigestible to any other organism than humans. b. The high salt concentration causes any bacterial cell to shrink (lose water) and die. c. The high salt concentration causes any bacterial cell to swell (gain water) and rupture. d. The high salt concentration is not tasty to the bacteria.
b. The high salt concentration causes any bacterial cell to shrink (lose water) and die.
11. In any DNA molecule, the number of adenine bases (A) will be equal to a. The number of uracil (U) bases b. The number of thymine (T) bases c. The number of cytosine (C) bases d. The number of guanine (G) bases
b. The number of thymine (T) bases
17. According to class discussions about water, why do coastal areas have milder, less variable climates than inland areas? a. Deserts exist on portions of the earth that are closer to the sun. b. This is due to the fact that water has a high heat capacity c. The sun shines longer during the day in the desert.
b. This is due to the fact that water has a high heat capacity
48. In the Light reactions of photosynthesis, which of the following combinations describes what goes IN correctly? a. Carbon Dioxide and Water b. Water and Sunlight as energy c. Energy from the Dark Reactions and Sugar d. None of the above are correct pairs
b. Water and Sunlight as energy
12. In chemical bonding, when the bonded atoms share electrons, it is specifically called ________. a. an ionic bond b. a covalent bond c. a hydrogen bond d. a polar bond
b. a covalent bond
21. Which of the following best represents a disaccharide? a. glucose b. glucose + glucose c. glucose + glucose + glucose + glucose d. any of the above
b. glucose + glucose
16. Ice floats because a. water has a high specific heat. b. liquid water is more dense than solid ice. c. Water has a high pH
b. liquid water is more dense than solid ice
15. An atom can be changed into an ion by adding or removing: a. A neutron b. A proton c. An electron d. Either a neutron or a proton
c. An electron
7. A correlation made between two factors that is based on a few observations is known as a. Pseudoscience b. Discovery Science c. Anecdotal Evidence d. A theory
c. Anecdotal Evidence
4. Which of the following is NOT a part of the scientific method? a. Making observations b. Drawing conclusions c. Classification d. Experimentation
c. Classification
13. A karyotype will enable a person to determine which types of information? a. Hair Color and Skin Color b. Eye color and height c. Down Syndrome and Gender d. None of the above
c. Down Syndrome and Gender
17. Which statement is TRUE about binary fission? a. It occurs during the DNA synthesis phase of the cell cycle b. It is the cell division process of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells c. It is the cell division process of prokaryotic cells d. It is part of interphase
c. It is the cell division process of prokaryotic cells
6. "There are 628 squirrels living on campus." I have just described the ________. a. Species b. Community c. Population d. Ecosystem
c. Population
24. Which of the following would be the result of Meiosis? a. Regeneration of a damaged liver b. Production of new skin cells to heal a wound c. Production of an egg every month for a human female d. Prokaryotic cell reproduction
c. Production of an egg every month for a human female
14. Which of the following occurs in BOTH Mitosis and Meiosis. a. Genetic variability b. Production of clones c. Sister Chromatids split d. Cross over
c. Sister Chromatids split
45. Looking at the gel to the right, the 1st lane contains DNA from a crime scene, and the other lanes contain DNA from suspects 1, 2, 3, and 4. Based on the banding patterns, which suspect most likely committed the crime? a. Suspect 1 b. Suspect 2 c. Suspect 3 d. Suspect 4
c. Suspect 3
28. A woman is color blind and neither her mother nor father exhibits the trait. Color blindness is a sex-linked, recessive trait. What is the correct explanation? a. The mother is homozygous for the gene b. The father is heterozygous for the gene c. The father is lying or isn't her biological father
c. The father is lying or isn't her biological father
51. Identify the principal role of cellular respiration. a. To convert solar energy into the chemical energy of sugars b. To convert kinetic energy into the chemical energy of sugars c. To convert the chemical energy of sugars into the chemical energy that fuels life's processes
c. To convert the chemical energy of sugars into the chemical energy that fuels life's processes
44. Which of the following best describes the chemical equation for photosynthesis? a. Carbon dioxide + Sugar + Energy = Oxygen + Water b. Oxygen + Water + Carbon dioxide = Sugar + Energy c. Water + Carbon dioxide + Energy = Sugar + Oxygen d. Oxygen + Sugar = Water + Carbon dioxide + Energy
c. Water + Carbon dioxide + Energy = Sugar + Oxygen
2. Which type of RNA and its description are INCORRECTLY paired? a. tRNA; brings in amino acids in translation b. rRNA; makes up the structure of the ribosome c. mRNA; brings in amino acids in translation d. mRNA; is a complementary copy of the DNA molecule
c. mRNA; brings in amino acids in translation
23. Which of the following scenarios would be the result of MITOSIS: a. Regeneration of a lizard's tail b. Production of additional red blood cells when you visit a location at a higher elevation c. Growth of a baby in the 3rd trimester of gestation d. Any of the above e. None of the above (a-c)
d. Any of the above
27. Tall pea plants (T) are dominant to short pea plants (t). You have an individual that is homozygous dominant for the gene. Which of the following could you cross that individual with and get all tall offspring?
d. Any of the above
3. You are a member of a deep sea diving crew destined for a newly discovered ocean trench. Your mission is to note as many creatures as possible once you arrive at the trench. According to the information covered as Chapter 1, what type of science will you be performing? a. Hypothetico-deductive science b. Lazy science c. Theoretical Science d. Discovery Science e. A combination of C and D
d. Discovery Science
1. What is not a structural difference between DNA and RNA? a. They each contain a slightly different sugar molecule. b. One of the bases is different. c. DNA is double stranded, RNA is a single strand. d. Where DNA has a phosphate group, RNA has a methyl group.
d. Where DNA has a phosphate group, RNA has a methyl group.
10. Which of the following components of an atom are considered to be contained in the nucleus? a. Protons b. Neutrons c. Electrons d. a. and b. e. b. and c.
d. a. and b.
20. Which of the following syndromes is a result of non-disjunction of the sex set of chromosomes? a. Klinefelter's Syndrome b. Turner Syndrome c. Down Syndrome d. a. and b. are both examples e. b. and c. are both examples
d. a. and b. are both examples
31. You were born with 6 digits per appendage. This is a dominant trait. If you mate with an individual that only has 5 digits per appendage and have a child with 6 digits per appendage. What is your genotype? a. Homozygous dominant b. Heterozygous c. Homozygous recessive d. Not enough information to know for sure
d. not enough info
35. What characteristic do mitochondria and chloroplasts share? a. An inner membrane system b. Their own DNA c. They were once thought to be independent prokaryotic cells d. They produce ATP e. All of the above
e. All of the above
37. One pair of genes for coat color in cats is sex-linked. The gene B produces yellow coat, b produces black, coat and the heterozygote Bb produces tortoise-shell color. What kind of offspring will result from the mating of a black male and a tortoise-shell female? a. black females b. Tortoise-shell females c. yellow males d. black males e. Any of the above
e. Any of the above
19. Non-disjunction will result in a. A gamete with an extra chromosome b. A sex cell missing a chromosome c. An offspring with an extra chromosome d. An offspring missing a chromosome e. Any of the above (a-d)
e. Any of the above (a-d)
5. _______________ makes scientific sounding claims that are not supported by trustworthy, methodical scientific studies. a. Anecdotal evidence b. Evolutionary Biology c. Statistics d. All advertising e. Pseudoscience
e. Pseudoscience
Which of the following is NOT considered to be a characteristic of a living thing? a. can evolve according to the demands of their environment b. can use energy c. can reproduce d. can respond to the environment e. These are all attributes of
e. These are all attributes of living things.
32. Which of the following is NOT a component of a plant cell? a. nucleus b. chloroplasts c. mitochondria d. Cell wall e. These are all components of a plant cell.
e. These are all components of a plant cell.
26. A long chain of monosaccharaides bound together forms chains of _____________. a. Starch b. Glycogen c. Cellulose d. A and B e. any of the above (A, B, or C)
e. any of the above (A, B, or C)
20. A triglyceride is made of a glycerol molecule and 2 fatty acid tails. a. True b. False
false
21. Most of the cells in your body undergo meiosis. a. True b. False
false
23. Water will neutralize an acid. a. True b. False
false
46. Cell division is a process that occurs only when an organism is growing to an adult size. a. True b. False
false
49. By definition, a dominant trait is more common in a population than a recessive trait. a. True b. False
false
7. Ice cream is the rocky road as a. Heterozygous is to homozygous b. Gene is to genome c. Gene is to allele d. Any of the above
gene is to allele
43. During which phase of the cell cycle do chromosomes duplicate? a. Cytokinesis b. Mitosis c. Interphase d. All of the above
interphase
4. Which of the following is/are directly involved in transcription? a. Ribosomal RNA b. mRNA c. tRNA d. all of the above are involved e. all of the above (a-c) are not involved
mRNA
42. In which type of cell division would you see homologous pairs split? a. Mitosis b. Meiosis c. Neither d. Both
meiosis
41. When this process goes awry, it causes cancer. a. Mitosis b. Meiosis c. Neither d. Both
mitosis
45. Water behind a dam has a certain amount of stored energy that can be released as the water falls over the top of the dam. It may be enough energy to turn a mill wheel or an electricity-generating turbine. Choose the term that best describes the type of energy stored in the water at the top of the dam. a. Chemical b. Potential c. Radiant d. Kinetic
potential
38. You notice a plant with purple leaves as you walk through a forest. Which color wavelength of light does this plant NOT utilize for photosynthesis? a. Green b. Red c. Purple d. The plant could use any of these wavelengths e. The plant can't use any of these wavelengths
purple
6. Which of the following terms describes the substance used to cut genes out of DNA at a particular sequence? a. Electrophoresis b. Cloning c. PCR d. Restriction Enzymes
restriction enzymes
16. Cytokinesis occurs during a. Metaphase b. Interphase c. Prophase d. Telophase
telophase
32. The question above is an example of a. Incomplete dominance b. Codominance c. Test Cross d. None of the above
test cross
5. What is different from one DNA nucleotide to the next? a. The protein b. The sugar molecule c. The phosphate group d. The base
the base
Watson and Crick discovered ________
the structure of DNA
27. Unsaturated fats treated to straighten the double bonds in their fatty acid chains to be solid at room temperature are known as a. Saturated fats b. Phospholipids c. Cholesterol d. Trans fats
trans fats
3. The process of using the information encoded in mRNA molecules to assemble protein chains of amino acids is called: a. mitosis. b. translation. c. replication. d. transcription. e. the hokey pokey.
translation
44. Which cellular process occurs in the cytoplasm? a. Transcription b. Translation c. Neither d. Both
translation
14. Water (H2O) and salt (NaCl) are both polar molecules. a. True b. False
true
25. Lipids are hydrophobic. a. True b. False
true
37. True or False: Plants cells perform both photosynthesis and cellular respiration. a. True b. False
true
40. Two long-winged flies were mated and the offspring included 77 with long wings and 24 with short wings. The short-winged condition is recessive. a. True b. False
true
49. The Calvin cycle of photosynthesis is powered by the light reactions. a. True b. False
true
T/F Blood type "O" can be donated to anyone
true
8. Which mRNA sequence would be the correct compliment to the DNA sequence AAATGCC? a. UUUACGG b. TTTACGG c. AAATGCC
uuuacgg
36. Janet has type O blood. Her mother is type B and father is type A. Is this possible?
yes
