Bio II

46- An age pyramid with a broad base that quickly slopes up to a narrow top would be indicative of ________

A developing nation.

23- Which of the following is an example of a female mating with a male only after submitting him to a courtship ritual?

A female bird will mate with a male only after inspection the small thatched structure he has built for her.

19- From an evolutionary perspective, behavior can be viewed best as:

A trait that can satisfy the three conditions required for evolution by natural selection.

18- The varieties os species found on the different Galapagos Islands is most likely an example of which form of speciation?

Allopatric

48- The process of chemical cycling would be studies mainly by _______.

An ecosystem ecologist.

14- What is an exception to the standard biological spices concept used to define a species?

Asexual species cannot be distinguished using the concept.

33- All living things need carbon. How does carbon enter the living portion of an ecosystem?

Atmospheric CO2 taken in by photosynthesis.

25- The sex with greater energetic investment in reproduction will be _________ when it comes to mating.

more discriminating.

"There are little birds that spend a great deal of time on the back of rhinoceros and eat the blood sucking ticks out of the rhinoceros's ears." The bird-rhino relationship is an example of ________.

mutualism

36- "There are little birds that spend a great deal of time on the back of rhinoceros and eat the blood sucking ticks out of the rhinoceros's ears." The tick-rhine relationship s an example of _________.

parasitism

29- In a species such as elephant seals, in which males are significantly larger than females, the most likely mating system is:

polygyny.

35- "There are little birds that spend a great deal of time on the back of rhinoceros and eat the blood sucking ticks out of the rhinoceros's ears." The bird-tick relationship is an example of _________.

predator-prey

26- Mate guarding is a reproductive tactic that functions to :

reduce paternity uncertainty.

24- The energy that a parent puts into the growth, feeding, and care of offspring is called:

reproductive investment.

47- Which theorem states that no two species competing for the exact same resources can coexist?

Competitive exclusion principle.

28- ______ selection favors organisms that have character values at both extremes of thephenotypic distribution.

Disruptive.

40- What is the name of the theoretical maximum rate of population growth/

Exponential.

16- Which would be a post zygotic barrier to reproduction?

Hybrid weakness

21- Assume that you carry an allele, R, that causes you to help individuals to who you are not related. This help increases their fitness and decreases yours. The frequency of allele R may still increase in the population:

If individuals you help are likely to return the favor and help you at some point in the future.

41- A sudden natural catastrophe resulting in massive die-offs would be categorized as a density-___________ limiting factor.

Independent.

8- What defines a population?

Interbreeding members of the same species.

38- The Asian Kudzu bug (Megacopta cribaria) arrived in Atlanta in 2009 and is quickly across the South. In addition to eating kudzu, it also eats soybeans and can decimate entire fields. The kudzu bug is a type of _________ species.

Invasive.

3- Why or why not is it not accurate to say that individuals evolve?

It is not accurate because individuals do not change over time in a way that can be passed on to the next generation.

50- An ecosystem is a collection of all the ______ in a given area.

Living and nonliving things.

42- Which growth model would you expect to see in a stable population?

Logistic.

27- Which if the following is the best way to distinguish male from female?

Males produce motile gametes.

45- There have been several mass extinction in the plant's earth history, such as the extinction of the dinosaurs, but the current mass extinction is different. Greater numbers of species are now going extinct faster than ever before. Also unique to the current mass extinction is the cause. What is the current mass extinction?

Man's direct activities.

7- What is the original source of variation?

Mutation.

4-Can you inherit physical traits that your parent acquire during their lifetime?

No

1- Which two observations led Darwin to conclude that there is competition for survival?

Overproduction and limited resources

37- Species diversity is highest when _________.

Species richness is high and relative abundance is evenly distributed.

2- Individuals with variations that make them best suited to their environment will, on average be more likely to ______

Survive and reproduce

43- Human birth rate packed in the 1980s and has been slowly declining ever since. How is this expected to affect our population size over the next several decades?

The human population size will continue to increase, but not as fast as before.

31- "Ecology" is best described as the study of ________.

The interactions between living organisms and their environments.

6- What is the smallest unit that can evolve?

The population.

20- An animal will preferentially feed on:

The prey that provides the most energy relative to effort.

13- Despite an abundance of habitat, why will it be difficult for the human spices to recover?

The reduced genetic diversity will make it difficult for the population to adapt to new diseases or other environmental changes.

30- Sexual dimorphism refers to:

The situation in which males and females differ physically and/or behaviorally.

17-In many ways a mule is a superior animal to the horse or the donkey. They are often stronger and can jump higher than either of their parents. Why then are they considered to be a "weak hybrid"?

They are sterile.

39- At what level is biodiversity often studied and measured? The diversity of specie in a community , on the planet, of genes in a population

( All of these)

5- Why is it inaccurate to say that humans are the most highly evolved spices?-Evolution is not goal oriented. It only acts in response to the present situation. -All species, not just people, are equally "evolved" to fit their particular environment.

(Both are true)

44- What can a population's age pyramid tell you about current and future needs. How many schools to build or to close down, How many workers will be needed to support retirees.

(Both of these)

9- What events can lead to offspring having a unique arrangement of their parent's genes? Crossing over, independent assortment ! !

(Neither of those)

32- Which of the following is not an example of abiotic factor?

Bacteria

11- "A zombie apocalypse wipes out almost the entire human species before the zombie threat is eliminated. Only a group of 100 people who were at a family reunion on an uninhabited island survived." Certain traits will have been lost from the gene pool forever. Some may be obvious, like people with red hair or double jointed thumbs. Others will be less obvious like the ability to process cholesterol or being allergic to peanuts. The loss of diversity in a reduced population is called_______.

Bottleneck effect

15- What is the term that defines when the sperm of one spices fails to fertilize the egg of a different species?

Gametic Incompatibility.

12- A straggler with green eyes stumbles into the last remaining human outpost. The green eye trait did not exist in the outpost before her arrival, but it does now. What is the name of this mechanism of evolution?

Gene flow

22- Because it is possible for a female to mate with multiple males, any of whom could be the father, male mammals and birds will always:

Have some degree of paternity uncertainty.

10- What does "fitness" means when speaking in terms of evolution?

How many offspring an individual produces.