Bio II: Chapter 30 (test two)

What is evidence best supports your assertion that a particular plant is an angiosperm?

It lacks gametangia

Where in an angiosperm would you find a megasporangium?

Within an ovule contained within an ovary of a flower

A stamen consist of... (2)

1. Anther 2. Filament

In pines, the female gametophyte contains ______, each of which contains an _____.

1. Archegonia 2. Egg

In flowering plants, one sperm nucleus fertilizes the ____ and the other sperm fuses with two other _____ found within the ovule, thus forming ______ ______.

1. Egg 2. Nuclei 3. Triploid endosperm

Sequence of plant traits originated from earliest to most recent: (3)

1. Gametophyte dominance, sporophyte dependence 2. Sporophyte dominance, gametophyte independence 3. Sporophyte dominance, gametophyte dependence

In the pine, microsporangia form _____ microspores by _____.

1. Haploid 2. Meiosis

A carpel is composed of... (3)

1. Stigma 2. Style 3. Ovary

What distinguishes cycads the most from other gymnosperms? (2)

1. They have flagellated sperm 2. They are pollinated by animals

What is not a characteristic that distinguishes gymnosperms and angiosperms from other plants?

Alternation of generations

Conifers and pines both have needlelike leaves, with the adaptive advantage of...

Decreased surface area to reduce water loss.

The ______ embryo will developed into a seedling and then into a mature pine tree.

Diploid

When you look at a pine or maple tree, the plant you see is a ______ _____

Diploid sporophyte

What is unique to flowering plants?

Double fertilization

In pine, the embryo developed within the _____ ______.

Female gametophyte

In gymnosperms, megaspores developed into _____ ______.

Female gametophytes

In terms of alternation of generations, the internal parts of pollen grains of seed-producing plants are most similar to a...

Fern gametophyte bearing only antheridia

Angiosperms are different from all other plants because only they have _____.

Flowers

The gametophyte tissue that surrounds the pine embryo functions as a haploid ______ ______.

Food reserve

Even though the gametophyte stage of alternation of generations is minimized in gymnosperms and angiosperms, spores still give rise to ______.

Gametophytes

All seed plants are _______.

Heterosporous

In pines, an embryo is an ______ ______.

Immature sporophyte

Many mammals have skin and mucous membranes that are sensitive to phenolic secretions of plants like poison oak. These secondary compounds are primarily adaptions that....

Inhibit herbivory

Pollen grains are _____ ________

Male gametophyte

What sex and generation combination directly produces the pollen tube of angiosperms?

Male gametophyte

What are the products of meiosis in the life cycle of a seed plant?

Megaspores or microspores

Gymnosperms were most abundant during the ________

Mesozoic

In pine trees, pollen grains get to the ovule via the ______.

Micropyle

In the pine, female gametophyte uses _____ to produce eggs.

Mitosis

The generative cell of male angiosperms is haploid. This cell divides to produce two haploid sperm cells. What type of cell division does the generative cell undergo to produce these sperm cells?

Mitosis

Stamens, sepals, petals, carpels, and pine cone scales are all _____ _____.

Modified leaves

Of the four haploid cells produced by a pine cone's megasporocyte (megaspores mother cell), ______ survives.

One

Gymnosperms and angiosperms do not have _____ in common.

Ovaries

What directly produces the integument of a pine seed?

Ovulate cone

Unlike most angiosperms, grasses are pollinated by wind. As a consequence, some unnecessary parts of grass flowers have almost disappeared. Which part would you expect to be most reduced in a grass flower?

Petals

In addition to seeds, what characteristic is unique to the seed-producing plants?

Pollen

The adaptation that made possible the colonization of dry land environments by seed plants is most likely the result of the evolution of _____.

Pollen

The male gametophytes of flowering plants are also referred to as ____ ____.

Pollen grains

The major difference between angiosperms and gymnosperms comes from the...

Presence or absence of a protective covering over the ovule

In flowering plants, the integuments of the ovule develop into a ____ ____.

Seed coat

The _______ generation is the dominant generation of vascular plants.

Sporophyte

In seed plants, what part of a pollen grain has a function most like that of the seed coat?

Sporopollenin

In angiosperms, pollination is the transfer of pollen grain to the ______ of a flower on the same plant or another plant of the same species.

Stigma

What is a major trend in land plant evolution?

The trend toward a sporophyte dominant life cycle