BIO II (homework 3&4)

The conspicuous part of a fern plant is a _____.

diploid sporophyte

Karyogamy produces a _____.

diploid zygote

Which structures are haploid? Select all that apply.

-gametophyte -spores -egg

Select the four statements about Plasmodium that are true.

-inside an infected mosquito, haploid gametes fuse, forming a diploid zygote that develops into an oocyst -Plasmodium cells are transferred to humans through mosquito saliva -The complete life cycle of Plasmodium requires two hosts -Plasmodium cells infect two specific types of cells in humans

The following statements describe something about the body structures or functions of fungi. Identify those statements that are correct.

-mycelia are made up of small-diameter hyphae that form an interwoven mass, providing more surface area for nutrient absorption. -some fungi can grow as either filamentous or single-celled forms. -some fungi secrete digestive enzymes into the environment and then absorb the digested nutrients. -all fungi are heterotrophs; some species live as decomposers and others as symbionts.

Advantages of using algae as a biofuel include _______. Select all that apply.

-producing fuel in a wider range of geographic areas -replacing fossil fuels with a renewable source of energy -decreasing the ecological impact of drilling for fossil fuels

The life cycle of Laminaria, a brown alga, involves alternation of generations. In Laminaria, the sporophyte is a large seaweed with several leaflike blades. The gametophytes are short, branched filaments.

1: a multicellular, diploid sporophyte produces haploid spores through meiosis 2: unicellular, haploid spores divide by mitosis to produce haploid gametophytes 3: multicellular, haploid gametophytes produce haploid gametes 4: male and female haploid gametes fuse to produce a diploid zygote 5: the diploid zygote matures into a multicellular, diploid sporophyte

Arrange the events in the life cycle of mosses in the flowchart below.

1:mature sporophytes produce haploid spores, dispersed by the wind 2:separate spores develop into female and male gametophytes 3:haploid eggs form in archegonia, and haploid sperm form in antheridia 4:haploid gametes undergo fertilization, forming a diploid zygote 5:the diploid zygote develops into a sporophyte

Plants evolved from green algae approximately _____ million years ago.

475

Sort the following fungi based on whether they are decomposers, mutualists, or parasites.

Decomposer: -fungi in association with a fallen log -coprophilous fungi -fungi in association with a dead rabbit Mutualist: -mycorrhizal fungi on pine tree roots -fungi in the family Lepiotaceae Parasite: -Septobasidium spp. and an individual scale insect by fungal hyphae -Cordyceps spp. -Trichophyton spp. -Cryphonectria parasitica

Consider the characteristics of moss and fern life cycles. Which of the following sets of statements is true?

In mosses, the gametophyte is the dominant stage of the life cycle; in ferns, the sporophyte is the dominant stage of the life cycle. In both mosses and ferns, moisture is required for sperm to reach the egg.

The diagram below illustrates the life cycle of Dictyostelium, a cellular slime mold. Label the diagram to indicate the processes that are occurring as well as whether each cell type is haploid or diploid.

a- amoebas emerge from large capsule b- n c- cells aggregate when food is scarce d- two amoebas fuse to form a zygote e- n f- 2n g- aggregate migrates h- n i- fruiting body releases spores j- n k- one amoeba emerges from each spore

This diagram shows the structure of a multicellular fungus, with an expanded view of two types of hyphae. Identify the structures and determine which hypha is septate and which is coenocytic. (Note that although this diagram shows the two types of hyphae, a fungus can have either one type or the other, but not both.)

a- mycelium b- pore c- septum d- septate hypha e- coenocytic hypha

Label the structures on this diagram of a moss.

a-sporophyte b-seta c-sporangium d-foot e-gametophyte f-rhiziod

Cup fungi are in the phylum _____.

ascomycota

The living plants that are most similar to the first plants to bear gametangia are the _____.

bryophytes

_____ are an example of seedless vascular plants.

ferns

The work done by Dr. Rose Ann Cattolico and her assistants at the University of Washington involves _______.

growing algae under different conditions and measuring their lipid production

The team is looking for an organism that _______.

grows fast and produces high-quality lipids

Angiosperms are most closely related to _____.

gymnosperms

Which of these was the dominant plant group at the time that dinosaurs were the dominant animals?

gymnosperms

Fungi produce _____ spores.

haploid

When technology is available, the next step in Dr. Cattolico's research will be _______.

increasing the amount of algae grown at one time

In mosses gametes are produced by _____; in ferns gametes are produced by _____.

mitosis ... mitosis

Where do fern antheridia develop?

on the underside of the gametophyte

Which of these contains two haploid nuclei?

the heterokaryotic stage of the fungal life cycle

Dr. Cattolico's work has resulted in _______.

the identification of several algae species as potential sources of biofuel

Which statement is true for all sexually reproducing plants and animals?

the process of meiosis produces haploid cells