Bio Mixed Regents Questions

(3) Energy for life processes can be stored within the chemical bonds of both molecules. idk about this but apparently fat has the capability too Maybe in the sense like heat energy is stored in fat I suppose

Which statement best describes these two molecules? (sugar and fat) (1) Sugar molecules are inorganic and fat molecules are organic. (2) Sugar molecules are organic and fat molecules are inorganic. (3) Energy for life processes can be stored within the chemical bonds of both molecules. (4) Energy for life processes can be stored within the chemical bonds of sugar molecules, only.

1 amino acids This is because flour consists of protein, and the basic building block of proteins are amino acids

1 There are over 2000 kinds of edible insects in the world, and they are becoming an increasingly popular source of protein. One cup of cricket flour contains over 28 grams of protein. The building blocks of the protein in cricket flour are (1) amino acids (3) simple sugars (2) water (4) carbohydrates

(2) the evolution of a species can result from changes in reproductive cells, not body cells The reason for this is because the reproductive cells are the ones to actually make the new organism through the action of crossing over during fertilization. So, if a gene mutation were to be present it would be put into the zygote.

11 A genetic change that occurs in a body cell of a mouse will not contribute to the evolution of the species because (1) body cell mutations will cause the cell to die before it reproduces (2) the evolution of a species can result from changes in reproductive cells, not body cells (3) random changes are repaired by enzymes before they are passed on to offspring (4) the evolution of a species is caused by natural selection, not genetic variation

4 Environment is what causes evolution in animals, because if they find they are not adapted to their environment they will die out and the individuals who did in fact have favorable traits will live on. In this case, the environment did not change and the animals were already well adapted.

12 Scientists who have examined the fossil record have noted that some species have changed very little over long periods of geologic time. The lack of change in such organisms is most likely because (1) all members of their population were genetically identical, and they lived in a rapidly changing environment (2) there was a large amount of variation in their population, and the environment changed frequently (3) they could move between different environments when food supplies became scarce (4) the environment that they lived in remained the same, and they were well-adapted to it

(2) the body's immune system overreacting to a usually harmless substance Also known as allergies, or when the body produces histamines. lo

13 Doctors often use certain medications to treat infections. A few people have a reaction to some of these medications, such as itching, swelling, or trouble breathing. This is an example of (1) using antibodies to cure a medical problem (2) the body's immune system overreacting to a usually harmless substance (3) the body creating a mutation to fight unknown pathogens (4) a vaccine causing the body to produce antigens against the infection

(4) oxygen lo

14 Organisms that live on land rarely compete for (1) food (2) space (3) water (4) oxygen

(4) a decision where benefits and risks have to be weighed humans needs and orca needs

15 Orcas are endangered whales. Only about 80 individuals remain off the coast of Washington State. Salmon are a source of food for orcas. Some individuals are proposing that four dams in Washington State be removed so that habitat areas for salmon will be increased. Those opposed to the dam removals say that the dams provide low-cost hydroelectric power and positively influence the local economy. This situation is an example of (1) direct harvesting of an endangered orca species by humans (2) orcas overproducing in an ecosystem with no resources (3) a community relying on nonrenewable energy sources (4) a decision where benefits and risks have to be weighed

chemicals and radiation affecting sex cells will cause the mutations to be passed down to offspring

15 Which row in the chart below accurately identifies two causes of mutations and the cells that must be affected in order for the mutations to be passed on to offspring?

(2) cell membrane Key word: FIRST, they do not attach to the nuclear membrane first because it is further inside

18 Some viruses attack cells by attaching to their outer covering, entering, and taking over their genetic "machinery." Viruses are able to invade cells after first attaching to their (1) nuclear membrane (2) cell membrane (3) genetic machinery (4) viral proteins

(4) can result in a new variety of gene combinations in the species IT IS NOT (2) can be passed to the offspring if they occur in any cell of the body because traits cannot be passed down from somatic cells, only sex cells. It is not (3) are always harmful and therefore help to eliminate weak traits because it is not always a cancerous mutation at all Gene variation is important to the survival of a species because then it will be able to combat different disease, variation is incredibly important for the survival of a species.

19 Gene mutations can be caused by many things. These mutations are biologically important because they (1) occur at a regular rate and therefore can be controlled (2) can be passed to the offspring if they occur in any cell of the body (3) are always harmful and therefore help to eliminate weak traits (4) can result in a new variety of gene combinations in the species

(2) recycle nutrients, making them available for other organisms Not just plants Remember also they don't release "energy", obviously

21 Many bacteria and fungi are important in the environment because they (1) return energy to the environment, making it available for plants (2) recycle nutrients, making them available for other organisms 3) produce glucose through the process of respiration (4) reverse the fl ow of energy in the ecosystem

(1) sexual reproduction, with a short reproductive cycle Remember that variation helps a species survive If it can be accomplished as quick as possible that would be effective By the way, asexual repro would not be ideal because it does not have this variation

26 As climate changes, which type of reproduction would most likely result in a greater chance of survival for a species? (1) sexual reproduction, with a short reproductive cycle (2) sexual reproduction, with a long reproductive cycle (3) asexual reproduction, with a short reproductive cycle (4) asexual reproduction, with a long reproductive cycle

(3) little or no light present Because then the Euglena will not be able to go through photosynthesis, and therefore it cannot be a producer.

26 Euglena are unique single-celled organisms. Depending on the physical conditions present in their aquatic environment, Euglena can act as either producers or consumers. Euglena will most likely act as consumers when placed in an environment that has (1) an acidic pH (2) a low oxygen level (3) little or no light present (4) many predators

(1) Specialization occurs, resulting in the formation of a great variety of cell types. In order to keep developing the zygote needs to develop different types of cells. This is called specialization. (development of new types of cells)

29 Following fertilization, a zygote divides and soon becomes a multicelled embryo with many different cell types, as represented below. Which statement best explains this development? (1) Specialization occurs, resulting in the formation of a great variety of cell types. (2) Genes are inserted into the zygote to allow for the formation of different cell types. (3) The expression of genes responsible for the different cell types is controlled by the placenta. (4) The genetic information in the zygote is divided to produce a complete set for each cell type

(1) the development of rubella virus infections in embryos not (2) the failure of zygotes infected with rubella to develop If the zygotes didn't develop the child would not have been formed at all Determine the severity of the options when presented with a question like this

3 A German measles (rubella) epidemic during the years 1963 to 1965 resulted in approximately 30,000 babies being born with birth defects. The specific cause of these birth defects was most likely (1) the development of rubella virus infections in embryos (2) the failure of zygotes infected with rubella to develop (3) mutations in the nerve cells of pregnant females at the time of the rubella epidemic (4) an increase in the amount of time needed for healthy embryonic development

(1) height of the tomato plants The dependent variable is known as the variable that will change as a result of the experiment, aka what is being experimented.

31 An experiment is carried out to determine how different pH values of soil will affect the growth of tomato plants. In this experiment, the dependent variable could be the (1) height of the tomato plants (3) specific variety of tomato plants used (2) pH of the soil (4) pH of enzymes in tomato leaf cells

(1) anabolic steroids and testosterone both interact with the same cell receptors

34 One reason why anabolic steroids can imitate the hormone testosterone is because (1) anabolic steroids and testosterone both interact with the same cell receptors (2) testosterone acts only on muscle cells (3) females produce small amounts of the hormone testosterone (4) an increase in testosterone in males using anabolic steroids increases male features

(2) mitochondria Pay attention to the wording of the question, it asks for : The """energy""" required to maintain this concentration difference is most closely associated with the action of Mitochondria provides this energy

4 Certain seaweeds contain a greater concentration of iodine inside their cells than there is in the seawater surrounding them. The energy required to maintain this concentration difference is most closely associated with the action of (1) ribosomes (3) vacuoles (2) mitochondria (4) nuclei

(2) building dams to control the flow of water in rivers, in order to produce electricity read the questions and answers carefully dams will disrupt the wildlife

40 Which human activity can have a negative impact on the stability of a mature ecosystem? (1) replanting trees in areas where forests have been cut down for lumber (2) building dams to control the flow of water in rivers, in order to produce electricity (3) preserving natural wetlands, such as swamps, to reduce flooding after heavy rainfalls (4) passing laws that limit the dumping of pollutants in forests

(3) mitochondrion Mitochondria produces ATP which is a result from aerobic respiration

7 In which cell structure is energy extracted from nutrients? (1) chloroplast (3) mitochondrion (2) ribosome (4) vacuole

(3) decreases reduces carrying capacity for fish It is not two because this one makes more sense. There can be less fish if there is less oxygen in general Just read ig lo.

Decreases / Increases referring to oxygen levels in an aquatic environment (1) decreases greater stability of the ecosystem (2) increases lessens competition between predatory organisms (3) decreases reduces carrying capacity for fish (4) increases increases genetic mutations in bacteria

interdependency

Mutual dependency, in which the actions of nations reverberate and affect one another's economic lifelines.

Aerobic

Process that requires oxygen, therefore plants are ______________ USE OXYGEN TO CREATE ATP!!!

(3) interdependency because one needs the other, without the predator the prey will breed out of control to its downfall and the predator most definitely needs the prey.

The populations of the one direct predator and prey increase and decrease based on the numbers of each species present. This relationship is an example of (1) ecological succession (3) interdependency (2) an energy pyramid (4) competition

(4) enzyme molecules enzymes are known for breaking things down

The substance responsible for breaking down the Venus flytrap's prey most likely contains (1) chlorophyll molecules (2) glucose molecules (3) hormone molecules (4) enzyme molecules

aerobic respiration

requires oxygen

(2) dynamic equilibrium yeah yeah

stability - stimulus - instability - response - stability The diagram represents (1) cellular differentiation (3) gene interaction (2) dynamic equilibrium (4) biological evolution

breathing

what is NOT a characteristic of life and should not be confused with respiration

Aerobic

which is the most efficient form of respiration?