Bio- Module 7

Which of the following statements about reinforcement is true?

Reinforcement is a type of natural selection.

Environmental-change

a drought causes a habitat to turn dry and brown

In a population with brown and green alleles for color, genetic drift

has more effect on the evolution of a small population.

Which of the following events could NOT be caused by a population bottleneck?

Increased population size

1. A(n)_____________ is a common structure in different species that results from a shared ancestry.

homology

If color is an inherited trait in beetles, and birds are more likely to eat brown beetles than green beetles,

the frequency of the green allele will increase.

In a species of snail, dark-shelled individuals are better hidden from bird predators in the shady forest, while light-shelled individuals are better hidden in well-lit brushy edge areas. If there were no areas of intermediate brightness in this habitat,which type of selection would act on shell color in these snails?

Disruptive selection

True or False. In the example described in the tutorial, the red amoebas survived the catastrophic event, and all future generations of amoebas were red because the red amoebas had a higher reproductive rate than the blue ones.

False

Color is an inherited trait in beetles. If brown beetles move into a population from a nearby island, which of the following statements is correct?

Gene flow causes the frequency of the brown allele to increase.

Remember that color is an inherited trait in beetles. Which of the following is an example of natural selection?

Green beetles leave more offspring than brown beetles because they are better at finding food.

Which of the following statements about the amoeba population described at the end of the tutorial is true?

It is more vulnerable to extinction due to lack of genetic variation.

Small lizards have difficulty defending their territory, but large lizards are more likely to be preyed upon by owls. Which type of selection would act on body size in these lizards under these conditions?

Stabilizing selection

A subset of a population of birds leaves its habitat and colonizes a nearby island. After many generations, the island sinks and the population of birds living on the island returns to its original habitat. Which of the following statements mostaccurately describes the two bird populations?

The birds were separated by dispersal.

_____________________speciation is the process by which two populations of a single species become two species following a geographic separation.

allopatric

5. Reproductive isolating mechanisms keep species from interbreeding in one of two ways:_______________ isolating mechanisms are geographical barriers that prevent contact between species;_________________ isolating mechanisms are differences in anatomy, physiology, or behavior that prevent mating between species.

extrinsic, intrinsic

by chance, some wildflowers in this population reproduce, while others do not

genetic drift

The evolution of populations due to chance is

genetic drift.

selective-pressure

green beetles are more visible to birds than brown beetles, so birds eat more green beetles

a prominent tail helps the peacock attract a mate

natural selection

camouflage enables this insect to evade predators

natural selection

the bird's beak is well-suited for cracking seeds

natural selection

environmental change

pesticide is applied to a population of insects

The condition in which one or more entire sets of chromosomes have been added to the genome of a diploid organism is known as_________________

polyploidy

selective pressure

some insects have a gene that makes them resistant to the pesticide. these insects survive. insects without the gene die

_________________is the general term for the process by which new species form

speciation

_________________speciation is the process by which two populations of a single species that share the same geographical area become two seperate species

sympatric

change in population

the surviving insects reproduce. the frequency of resistant insects in the population increases

New individuals move into a population

gene flow

change-in-population

brown beetles survive to reproduce more than green beetles do. the brown allele increases in frequency

4. A(n)_______________ is a structure that resembles one found in a different species, but results from convergent evolution rather than shared ancestry.

analogy

________________nomenclature is the system of naming organisms by their genus and species.

binomial