Bio practice test

Which of the following represents the largest group of biological classification?

kingdom

There are two types of cells, eukaryotic and prokaryotic. Which of the following cellular structures are found in both types of cell?

DNA

Which of the following directly (as opposed to indirectly) supports Charles Darwin's theory of evolution?

Evidence from Genetics

The term thallus refers to the plant-like structure of which of the following organisms

brown algae

Which phylum do insects belong to in the animal kingdom classification?

Arthropoda

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of prokaryotic cells?

Circular DNA

Which of the following is not part of the metabolic sequence

Hydoplasm

Changes in the genetic makeup of an organism may be due to which of the following?

NEW COMBINATIONS, CHROMOSOME MUTATION GENE MUTATION.

Which cellular structure is responsible for producing ribosomal RNA and is often called the "factory" of the cell?

Nucleolus

What is the term for the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, without the use of energy?

Passive diffusion

In genetics, what term describes the expression of an individual's genetic makeup?

Phenotype

Which of the following are NOT organelles found in animal cells?

chloroplast and central vacuole

A cell uses which of the following to accelerate chemical reactions enabling its metabolic machinery to operate?

enzymes

Which of the following is an example of a monosaccharide?

glucose

When sexual reproduction occurs in multicellular organisms, a process takes place before cells fuse whereby a cell is left with half of its chromosomes, enabling the creation of a cell with a characteristic chromosome number. What is this process called?

meiosis

Locomotion in Metazoa is usually due to the contraction of what?

muscle

In normal sexual reproduction, two mature gametes fuse to form a(n)?

zygote

Light initiates different types of cellular reactions. Which of the following responses to light converts the energy from light into a gain of potential energy?

photosynthesis

Single-celled protists with animal-like behavior belong to the phylum ______________.

protozoa

Genetic information is transferred from the nucleus to cytoplasm by way of ______________

ribonucleic acid

A cell membrane is?

semi-permeable

All of the following are similarities between unicellular organisms and multicellular organisms, except

size

Sterile female honey bees are called

workers

The bodies of all insects have _______ major divisions.

3

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of viruses?

Dependence on a host cell for replication

Which of the following is a characteristic of asexual reproduction

It involves a single parent to produce offspring

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

S phase

Which organ system is responsible for producing hormones that regulate various body functions?

endocrine system

___________ occurs when organisms of different species mate and form offspring.

hybridization

Which of the following is a function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

lipid synthesis

Genes are located within the cytoplasm of the cell

nucleus

In the scientific classification of living organisms, which category is more specific than "phylum" but more general than "species"?

Class

In cellular respiration, which stage produces the majority of ATP (adenosine triphosphate)?

Electron transport chain

In humans, how do the sex chromosomes differ between males and females?

Females have two X chromosomes and males one X chromosome and one Y chromosome

What is the primary function of the kidneys in the human body?

Filtration of blood and excretion of waste products

What is the primary function of the hormone insulin in the human body?

Regulate blood sugar levels

The phrase "survival of the fittest" is an alternate phrase expressing which of the following principles?

natural selection

Many animals protect themselves with an exoskeleton. Which of the following is an example of an animal with an exoskeleton?

Mollusk

Which organelle is responsible for breaking down and recycling cellular waste and debris?

lysosome

What it is the name given to specialized structures within cells responsible for carrying out specific functions such as providing energy and producing hormones?

organelles

The net effect of photosynthesis, chemically, is reduction, leading to the formation of which products?

oxygen and carbohydrates

A multicellular organism is:

A group of differentiated eukaryotic cells that work together to support the function of an organism

What is the role of the enzyme pepsin in the digestive system?

Breakdown proteins

Which of the following is a greenhouse gas that plays a crucial role in regulating Earth's temperature?

Carbon dioxide

Which of the following organisms is a vertabrate?

Frogs

39. What is the process by which plants lose water vapor through small openings in their leaves?

Transpiration

What is the primary function of the enzyme amylase?

break down carbohydrates