Bio psych Test Taste and Olfaction
how many olfactory receptors do we have
100s
After soaking their tongues in a sour solution, what do most people experience?
Other sour substances taste less sour
How is olfactory information coded in receptor cells?
There are hundreds of types of receptor molecules, each responsive to a different chemical.
One major difference between olfaction and VNO receptors is that:
VNO receptors do not adapt.
Researchers have found the VNO in humans. It compares to other species in that it is:
a small organ without obvious receptors.
Sweetness, bitterness and umami receptors operate by:
activating a protein which causes the release of a second messenger
After eating salty pretzels, the salty potato chips will taste less salty because of:
adaptation
Exposure to an extremely salty substance decreases sensitivity to other salty substances. What is this phenomenon called?
adaptation
Most theorists believe that the first sensory system was ____.
chemical
In adult humans, the taste buds are ____.
concentrated along the outside edge of the tongue
In adult humans, the taste buds are:
concentrated along the outside edge of the tongue
The receptors for taste are like skin cells in that they:
continuously being replaced
Given a very faint odor of air freshener, who is most likely to detect it?
cycling female
Taste and smell axons converge onto many of the same cells in an area called the:
endopiriform cortex
In mammals, each olfactory cell has threadlike dendrites that:
extend from each cell body into the mucous surface of the nasal pathway
In mammals, each olfactory cell has threadlike dendrites that:
extend from the cell body into the mucous surface of the nasal passage.
Neither taste nor smell information must be relayed through the thalamus before reaching the cortex.
false
Women are less sensitive to odors than men.
false
Analogous to lateral inhibition, when olfactory receptors are stimulated they:
inhibit the activity of other receptors
Analogous to lateral inhibition, when olfactory receptors are stimulated, they:
inhibit the activity of other receptors.
The primary taste cortex is known as the:
insular cortex
The receptors for taste are:
modified skin cells
The vomeronasal organ (VNO) is a set of receptors located ____.
near, but separate from, the olfactory receptors
Olfactory receptors carry their message to the ____.
olfactory bulb
Olfactory receptors carry their message to the:
olfactory bulb
Pheromone receptors in humans are located in the:
olfactory mucosa
After soaking their tongues in a sour solution, what do most people experience?
other sour substances taste less sour
Many women living in a college dormitory will gradually begin to synchronize their menstrual cycles. The research indicates that this is, at least in part, based on ____.
pheromones
the receptors in the VNO are specialized to respond only to
pheromones
Olfaction also plays a subtle role in:
social behavior
What causes excitation of the taste receptors that respond to salty tastes?
sodium ions crossing the membrane of the receptor
Chester told his doctor that "the taste of chicken is green." He will likely be diagnosed with _____.
synesthesia
There are hundreds of different types of olfactory receptors.
true
One reason why we have difficulty tasting low concentrations of a bitter chemical is that:
we have dozens of bitter receptors
We can identify a wide variety of bitter substances because ____.
we have many types of bitter receptors
If you are a supertaster, then:
you are more sensitive than the average person to nearly all tastes