bio test 3
When a nerve impulse reaches the end of an axon of a neuromuscular junction, calcium flows ______ the synaptic knob.
into
Slow fibers have a relatively large number of ______. This permits slow muscle fibers to produce a greater amount of ______ than fast muscle fibers while contractions are underway.
mitocondria, ATP
Contracility
muscle ability to shorten/contract
What is the force generated when a skeletal muscle is stimulated to contract called?
muscle tension
Termination of the nerve impulse at an NMJ results in the passive sliding of ______ back to their original state.
myofilaments
After you stop running, you notice that you keep breathing heavily for some time. This is because your body is in ______.
oxygen debt
After stimulation of ACh receptors, a muscle impulse spreads quickly along the ____and into the muscle fiber along T-tubules.
sarcolemma
The plasma membrane of a skeletal muscle fiber is called the
sarcolemma
A contracting skeletal muscle fiber typically shortens as all of its ______ shorten in length.
sarcomeres
The cytoplasm of a skeletal muscle cell has a specific name and is known as
sarcoplasm
Approximately 40-50% of your body weight is _____ muscle.
skeletal
Maintenance of posture and production of heat are functions of ______ muscle.
skeletal
the ____ filament theory explains how muscle fibers shorten during contraction.
sliding
As a result of ACh stimulation, calcium ions are released from the ______ of the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
terminal cisternae
Slow-twitch and fast-twitch muscle fibers differ primarily in ______.
their ATPase which splits ATP
atrophy
to waste away
As the troponin changes shape (due to binding calcium), it moves the ______ molecule to which it is attached, thus exposing the active sites on the G-actin molecules.
tropomyosin
Upon release from the terminal cisternae, some calcium ions bind to ______ causing it to change shape.
troponin
A single contraction and relaxation of a muscle fiber is referred to as a muscle
twitch
A motor unit is composed of a single ______ and all of the muscle fibers it controls.
Motor neuron
At the end of muscle contraction, calcium ions are moved back into the ____ reticulum by ATP-driven ion pumps.
Sarcoplasmic
True or false: Skeletal muscle is usually attached to the skeleton, but it is also found at the openings between the digestive tract and the external environment and the urinary tract and the opening to the external environment.
True
Extensibility
ability to be stretched
Slow and intermediate fibers require oxygen to produce ATP, so the metabolic reactions within these fibers are termed ______.
aerobic
In a muscle cell, the short-term energy is supplied by ______ respiration, whereas long-term energy is supplied by ______.
anaerobic, aerobic
A muscle fiber is what level of organization in the body?
cellular
Sarcoplasm is another term for skeletal muscle ______.
cytoplasm
Muscle tissue demonstrates the property of _____ when it is done contracting and returns to its resting length.
elasticity
the epimysium of a muscle surrounds the ______
entire skeletal muscle
The connective tissue layer that surrounds an entire muscle is called ______.
epimysium
A skeletal muscle cell is also called a muscle_____
fiber
The act of shivering is an example of skeletal muscle performing what function?
heat protection
The diameter of a muscle fiber will predict ______.
how much power it will make
Glycolysis and aerobic respiration are used to generate ______ in muscle fibers.
ATP
Muscle cells are said to have what characteristic because they can respond to stimulation from the nervous system?
Excitability
Anaerobic
Process that does not require oxygen