bio test ch 6,7

10. Even though we constantly have platelets floating through our bloodstream, why do they not aggregate until there is a cut in the blood vessel? (Hint: there are two inhibitory chemicals)

ADP and TXA2

24. What is a hematocrit? What are the general steps to obtain a hematocrit?

Hematocrit is one method used to determine concentration of red blood cells. The general steps are Blood being drawn up into a heparinized tube. the end of the blood-filled tube is sealed with clay. Blood-filled tubes being spun in a centrifuge. Then you get the WBCs Buffy coat.

11. What does Erythropoiesis mean?

Is the process by which human erythrocytes are produced. It is triggered by erythropoietin , a kidney hormone produced during hypoxia.

3. What makes up the majority of blood plasma? What is it's osmolarity? What else is found in blood plasma?

Plasma is the ECF portion of the blood. Plasma is 0.3 osm and 92% water and 7% proteins and the remaining 1% is nutrients from food, metabolic wastes, gases and electrolytes.

25. Compare and contrast polycythemia vera, secondary polycythemia, relative polycythemia, and erythrocytopenia. Be able to predict hematocrit results for each condition.

Polycythemia vera : is a disease of the bone marrow. The bone marrow makes too many red blood cells. Secondary polycythemia : is a physiological response to having low oxygen levels in your body ,which can occur due to low oxygen environment or disease. Relative polycythemia : is not a true polycythrmia because it doesn't result in an increase in actual RBC numbers, rather an increase in RBC concentration due to a decrease in total blood volume. (dehydration) Erythrocytopenia: a decrease of RBC mass in blood , which occur due to anemia , red bone marrow failure, and renal disease.

2. What two major components make-up "whole blood?" How much volume (in liters) of each substance is there?

The plasma and formed elements. plasma has 3L and formed elements has 2L

23. If your blood has an osmolarity (concentration of "particles") of 0.300 Osm, does the osmolarity go up, down, or stay the same when you lose blood through an open wound?

There is no change because the concentration is the same only thing lost is volume.

16. Why is blood red in humans but blue in spiders, green in earthworms, and violet in peanut worms?

blood is red in humans because it contains haemoglobin contain iron give it the red color spider blood is blue because it has haemocyanin has copper when oxageisised give it the blue color when deoxaagnized the blood is colorless it is green in earth worms because it has chlorocrurin violet in peanut worms because has haemorythrin when oxygenated gives it the color

5. True/False - Blood clotting is a positive feedback loop

false

18. True/False - Blood found in veins is blue because veins are deoxygenated until they go to the lungs to pick up oxygen, become oxygenated, and turn into arteries containing red blood.

false blood is always red.

4. True/False - Platelets is another term to describe a red blood cell

false its red and white blood cells

8. True / False - there are a couple thousand hemoglobin molecules in a single red blood cell.

false there are 250 million hb. molecules.

17. What is the name of the organism that has extremely valuable ($$$) blue blood that is used in the medical industry?

horse shoe crab

13. What is agglutination? How does blood typing (testing for your blood type) work?

is the process that occurs if an antigen is mixed with its corresponding antibody called isoagglutinin. this term is commonly used in blood grouping the clumping of cells such as bacteria or red blood cells in the presence of an antibody or complement.

15. What color is human blood? Is human blood ever blue in color?

red and no

12. What organ in the human body destroys old red blood cells to recycle their parts?

spleen

19. True/False - It takes several hours for the human body to regain normal levels of red blood cells after donating blood

true

20. True/False - Red blood cells are involved in transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide.

true

21. True/False - Red blood cells have a biconcave and flattened shape.

true

22. True / False - Iron is the main metal found in red blood cells, which is used to capture O2 and CO¬2

true

6. True / False - red blood cells are cells that can typically live for 120 days (4 months)

true

1. True/False - The blood of a healthy, 154-pound person takes up about 5L (5 liters) of volume in the body.

true- weighs as much as 1 gallon + 1 liter of milk (11 pounds )