BIO101 Unit 1 Practice

Drag each label into the appropriate bin.

A property of all living things: - reproduces its own kind - takes in, converts, and expels energy - complex, but well-ordered, structure - responds to the environment - populations evolve over time Not a property of all living things: - requires another individual to reproduce - eats other organisms to gain energy - composed of many cells - individuals evolve over time

A research team designs an experiment to increase the speed of athletes. The athletes' diet and sleep routines are altered for two weeks. Is this an example of a controlled study?

No. A controlled study only changes one variable at a time.

Drag the correct description under each cell structure to identify the role it plays in the cell.

Nucleus: stores the genetic information of the cell Lysosome: breaks down macromolecules digestive enzymes Mitochondrion: converts chemical fuel into packets of chemical energy that can power the cell Ribosome: works with mRNA to synthesize proteins Smooth ER: site of lipid synthesis

Drag the correct description under each cell structure to identify the role it plays in the cell.

Plant Cell Wall: strong, protective structure made from cellulose fibrils Central Vacuole: regulates cytoplasm composition, creates internal pressure, and stores cell compounds Chloroplast: makes food by converting light energy into chemical energy Mitochondrion: converts chemical fuel into packets of chemical energy (ATP) that can power the cell Golgi Apparatus: modifies and packages proteins

Which of the following statements is correct?

Prokaryotic cells evolved a lot earlier (over a billion years) than eukaryotic cells.

Can you identify the cellular structures involved in protein synthesis? Drag the labels to the appropriate locations on this diagram of a eukaryotic cell. Use targets of Group 1 for the cellular organelles and targets of Group 2 for the molecules.

a. nucleus b. endoplasmic reticulum c. ribosome d. Golgi e. vesicle f. DNA g. RNA h. protein

Drag the labels to their appropriate locations on the diagram.

a. side with higher concentration of molecules b. plasma membrane c. side with lower concentration of molecules d. diffusion causes a net movement of molecules down their concentration gradient

Drag the organelles to the appropriate bins. (animal cells only, plant cells only, and both animal and plant cells)

animal cells only: - lysosome plant cells only: - chloroplast - cell wall - central vacuole both animal and plant cells: - cytoplasm - plasma membrane - endoplasmic reticulum - ribosomes - Golgi apparatus - mitochondria - cytoskeleton - nucleus

Which of the following lists the steps of the process of science in correct order?

any of the above are correct

Identify the prokaryotic organism from the list below.

bacteria

Which of the following features would be useful in identifying pseudoscience?

beliefs

Plant cells and animal cells have many things in common, but they do have some structures that are unique, too. Which of the following structures are found in plant cells but not in animal cells?

cell wall, chloroplast

The sites of photosynthesis in plants are the _____.

chloroplasts

If you were looking at a cell under a powerful microscope, what would tell you that it is a eukaryotic cell?

it has a nucleus

In animal cells vesicles called _____ contain strong digestive enzymes to break down food, invading microbes, or work out cellular parts.

lysosomes

The ______ convert chemical energy from glucose into molecules of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

mitochondria

Can you sequence the following levels of biological organization from smallest to largest?

molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere

The _____ of a cell is where most of a cell's DNA is kept.

nucleus

Each spring, high school students, college interns, and retirees count and weigh tiny glass eels in streams that feed into the Hudson River. They report their observations to the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Hudson River Estuary Program and the National Estuarine Research Reserve System, who depend on volunteers to help build a database of information about glass eels. The observations that these volunteers make would best be described as __________.

observational studies

Prokaryotes consist of ________.

organisms belonging to two different domains, bacteria and archaea

What molecules are constituents of cell membranes?

phospholipids, proteins, carbohydrates, and cholesterol

After a molecule of RNA is made from a gene, it leaves the nucleus for site of protein manufacture, called the ______.

ribosomes

Which of these sub-cellular structures is found in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes?

ribosomes

This video described the terms "hypothesis" and "theory." Which of the following phrases best describes a theory?

supported by a wide variety of evidence, has withstood the test of time, broad and comprehensive in scope

At the start of class, your professor flips the light switch "on," but the overhead lights remain dark. Which of the following could be your hypothesis to explain why the lights did not turn on properly?

the circuit breaker controlling the lights has tripped, so no electricity is flowing to the light bulbs

You see a display for a new diet pill in a grocery store. The display includes a stack of color-printed handouts claiming the average user of the product loses five pounds per week while taking the product. Which of the following would indicate that the handout is not a reliable source?

the intent of the handout is to convince the consumer to buy the diet pills.

In what ways are the chemical reactions of photosynthesis and cellular respiration similar?

Both release heat as a waste product

Can you match the characteristics with the correct organelle? Sort each structure or function depending on whether it describes a chloroplast or a mitochondrion.

Chloroplast: - organelle of photosynthesis - found only in plant cells and some algae - converts solar energy to chemical energy - products O2 as a waste product - contains thylakoids Mitochondrion: - organelle of cellular respiration - found in both animal and plant cells - produces CO2 as a waste product - harvest chemical energy from food

This video explains the terms hypothesis and theory. Which of the following phrases best describes a hypothesis?

a proposed explanation for an observation or question

What is the function of the oily barrier formed by fatty acid tails in the phospholipid bilayer?

create a boundary between the cytosol and extracellular fluid