Biochemistry practice test

What characteristic of carbon (C) makes it essential to living organisms?

Carbon bonds in many ways with itself to form chains.

Which category does the bio-molecule belong?

Lipid

What functional group is found in carbohydrates?

hydroxyl

What type of organic molecule is used for long-term energy storage, insulation against heat loss, and forms a protective cushion around organs?

lipids

Which chemical is classified as an enzyme?

protease

The part of the enzyme molecule into which the substrate fits is called the

Active site

any compound that contains an amino acid and carboxyl group

Amino acid

An enzyme is generally named by adding ___________________ to the end of the name of the ________________.

Ase ,substrate

Glycerol and fatty acids are the building blocks for most _____________.

Lipids

When lactose is digested by the human body, each lactose is broken down into smaller molecules. To which of the following categories of molecules do these smaller molecules belong?

Monosaccharides

Polymers produced by the linkage of monosaccharide monomers.

Polysaccharide

Enzymes are special type of

Protein

In the human body, hemoglobin in is necessary for carrying oxygen from the lungs to rest of the body. Since hemoglobin is made of a chain of amino acids, it is an example of which type organic molecule?

Protein

Which statement best describes the enzyme represented in the graphs.

The enzyme works best at a temperature of 35 degrees Celsius and a pH of 8.

Fatty acids that are unsaturated have

a double bond

A peptide bond is a bond between which functional groups?

amino and carboxyl

A typical nucleotide is composed of ____________________.

base + phosphate + sugar

The functional group(s) associated with amino acids is/are

both carboxyl and amino

When carrying out a reaction in water, what can we add to keep the pH level from changing?

buffer

Methanoic and Ethanoic acid are carboxylic acids and have what functional group attached to their hydrocarbon chain?

carboxyl

a sugar that forms 2 monosaccharides

disaccharides

Carbohydrates are composed of ________________ monomers.

monosaccharide

A simple carbohydrate molecule

monosaccharides

The genetic material of an organism is composed of

nucleic acids

monomers that make up DNA and RNA

nucleotides

When glycerol combines with 3 fatty acids, a ______________________ molecule results.

triglyceride

Carbon can form ______________ separate bonds with other atoms.

4

How many valence electrons does a carbon atom have?

4

What is the optimum pH of most human enzymes?

7