BIOL 102 EXAM 3

8) Which immune system cell must be presented with antigen by an antigen-presenting cell such as a macrophage, in order to become appropriately activated? A) natural killer cell B) macrophage C) T lymphocyte D) B lymphocyte E) plasma cell

- C) T lymphocyte

14) Which one of the following plays the most significant role in regulating the distribution of blood into tissues? A) capillaries B) veins C) arterioles D) arteries E) venules

- C) arterioles

19) Fluid in the lymphatic system, as well as interstitial fluid, is A) composed mostly of formed elements from blood. B) the liquid portion of fluid escaping from the digestive system. C) derived from blood plasma. D) produced by the endothelium to lubricate the interior of vascular tissue. E) pumped from the left ventricle into lymphatic vessels and then back into the right atrium.

- C) derived from blood plasma.

12) When air entering the respiratory tract leaves the pharynx, it next enters the A) bronchi. B) bronchioles. C) larynx. D) sinuses. E) alveoli.

- C) larynx.

7) Which one of the following is/are located in the tonsils to filter out many of the microorganisms that enter the throat? A) adenoids B) thymus C) lymphocytes D) red blood cells E) platelets

- C) lymphocytes

20) The fibrous sac that surrounds the heart and produces lubricant for heart contraction is the A) epicardium. B) reticulocardium. C) pericardium. D) myocardium. E) endocardium.

- C) pericardium.

23) In the ________ circuit, blood leaving the ________ ultimately delivers oxygen and nutrients to all of the body's tissues and organs. A) systemic; vena cava B) systemic; left ventricle C) pulmonary; lung capillaries D) pulmonary; myocardium

- C) pulmonary; lung capillaries

18) Which one of the following is TRUE regarding the lymphatic system? A) Lymphatic capillaries absorb lipid droplets from plasma. B) Lymph flows from lymph capillaries to larger lymphatic vessels to the heart and lungs. C) Lymph is excreted from the body. D) The lymphatic system removes microorganisms from body fluid. E) Lymphatic capillaries produce interstitial fluid.

- D) The lymphatic system removes microorganisms from body fluid.

16) Which one of the following is a CORRECT statement? A) Veins carry blood to the capillaries of the body. B) Veins have a smaller lumen than arteries. C) Blood pressure is higher in veins than in arteries since blood must be returned to the heart. D) Veins are more distensible than arteries. E) The walls of veins are made up of two distinct layers of tissues.

- D) Veins are more distensible than arteries.

13) During exhalation, the pressure inside the lungs A) must be maintained lower than atmospheric pressure. B) gradually elevates as air enters the lungs. C) rapidly elevates. D) initially is higher than atmospheric pressure, but drops as air leaves the body. E) must be maintained higher than atmospheric pressure.

- D) initially is higher than atmospheric pressure, but drops as air leaves the body.

15) Fluid that "escapes" from the circulatory system due to high pressure is referred to as A) formed elements. B) platelets. C) aneurysm. D) interstitial fluid. E) digestive fluid.

- D) interstitial fluid.

11) Which one of the following best explains why humans must constantly breathe in oxygen in order to stay alive? A) Oxygen is an important source of energy for cells and is used to make glucose. B) Oxygen is converted to carbon dioxide, which is then used to drive the production of ADP. C) Oxygen must be available to cells in order for them to make the sugars necessary to supply energy for cell functions. D) Oxygen is used to drive the anaerobic breakdown of sugars for the production of ATP. E) Oxygen is essential for the production of most of the ATPs required to fuel cell functions.

- E) Oxygen is essential for the production of most of the ATPs required to fuel cell functions.

3) When comparing viruses and bacteria, which one of the following statements is CORRECT? A) Viruses are pathogens; bacteria are decomposers. B) Viruses have membrane-bound organelles; bacteria do not have membrane-bound organelles. C) Viruses and bacteria are both able to reproduce on their own. D) Viruses are larger than bacteria. E) Viruses and bacteria both contain genetic material.

- E) Viruses and bacteria both contain genetic material.

10) Ventilation refers to the process by which A) gases are exchanged between the cells and the lungs. B) ATPs are produced. C) gases are exchanged between the blood and the cells. D) gases are exchanged between the air and the blood. E) air moves into and out of the lungs.

- E) air moves into and out of the lungs.

17) Life-threatening aneurisms are most likely to occur in A) arterioles. B) veins. C) capillaries. D) venules. E) arteries.

- E) arteries.

2) Bacteria are helpful to humans in many ways, including all of the following EXCEPT which one? A) production of antibiotics B) production of soy sauce C) production of vitamins for the human body D) breakdown of raw sewage E) digestion of cellulose in the human intestine

- E) digestion of cellulose in the human intestine

1) Which one of the following diseases is caused by a virus? A) syphilis B) toxic shock syndrome C) Lyme disease D) tuberculosis E) rabies

- E) rabies

22) Each of the following is part of the systemic circuit EXCEPT the A) pulmonary arteries. B) aorta. C) left ventricle. D) superior vena cava. E) aortic semilunar valve.

- A) pulmonary arteries.

9) All of the following are involved in the process of breathing EXCEPT which one? A) nervous system B) circulatory system C) respiratory system D) skeletal muscles E) bones

- B) circulatory system

6) Which one of the following is characteristic of T lymphocytes but NOT B lymphocytes? A) maturation in the red bone marrow B) direct attack of antigen-bearing cells C) production of immunoglobulins D) antibody-mediated immunity E) production of plasma cells

- B) direct attack of antigen-bearing cells

21) The aortic semilunar valve opens when the A) atrium is in systole. B) atrioventricular valves open. C) arterial pressure is lower than the ventricular pressure. D) right ventricle is in diastole. E) pulmonary semilunar valve closes.

- C) arterial pressure is lower than the ventricular pressure.

\-\ /-/ \ = / | | | | 5) Identify the figure above. A) antigen B) pyrogen C) complement D) interferon E) antibody

- E) antibody

4) Skin is able to prevent most microorganisms from entering the body by A) producing alkaline secretions. B) releasing macrophages on the skin surface. C) production of antibodies. D) the adhesion junction in the skin preventing bacteria from entering. E) having keratin in the uppermost layer.

- E) having keratin in the uppermost layer.