BIOL 1103 Chapter 6

Sylva emphasizes the dangers to economies and social welfare systems from declining fertility rates. In comparison to Sylva, what would Seager say about declining fertility?

Declining fertility would provide many social benefits, such as less crowded schools and roads.

Ignoring migration, the age structure of a human population likely to increase in size will have what shape?

pyramid

Predict which of the following United Nations funding proposals both Sylva and Seager might support.

A development plan to build schools for girls in a poverty-stricken country

Douglas Sylva gives four reasons why government population control is bad policy. Which of the following statements represents one of his reasons?

Government influence over family size is prone to abuse.

What could be a roadblock to the success of the new two-child policy?

The increased cost of living could deter some couples

What does the green graph line represent?

total number of individuals in the population

Which stage in the graph shows the greatest overall decline in death rate?

Stage 2

What does the left y-axis of the graph represent? (referring to demographic transitions graph)

birth rate or death rate

Ignoring migration, the age structure of a human population likely to decrease in size will have what shape?

inverted pyramid

John Seager describes several benefits of smaller families, including ____________.

reduced carbon emissions

What is the primary reason that China changed is one-child policy to a two-child policy?

shrinking workforce

What percentage of households in 2000 had 3 or fewer people?

74.9%

The global human population recently surpassed 7 billion people, and its annual growth is approximately ___________ at the present.

1%

Although Sylva and Seager seem to agree that couples should be able to make their own family planning decisions, they would disagree about which of the following statements?

Governments should provide resources and education for family planning.

What was the overall trend in household size from 1970 to 2000?

Household size decreased

If current trends continue, with parents in the U.S. choosing to have fewer children on average (for example, 1 or 2 children versus 3 or more), how will future household sizes be affected?

Households of 3 and 4 people will increase and households with more than 5 people will decrease.

Which of the following statements best describes the implications of household size for energy consumption and land use and development?

Overall energy and land use will depend on the type and density of housing developments in an area.

Why did China institute the one child policy in 1970?

Resources were becoming strained, and pollution was increasing

Ignoring migration, the age structure diagram of a human population likely to maintain a relatively stable size will have what shape?

a rectangle tapering toward the top

In comparison to 1970, the overall percentage of households with 4 or more people in 2000______.

decreased by approximately 10%

What factor would contribute to a sharp decline in death rate, such as the one shown in Stage 2?

improved sanitation