BIOL 1160 Chapter 17

________ is the hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex that stimulates the kidneys to retain ________ and maintains blood volume and blood pressure.

Aldosterone; sodium ions

________ is secreted by alpha cells of pancreas, its secretion is stimulated by ________ in blood glucose level.

Glucagon, a decrease

________ stimulates the testes to produce testosterone.

Luteinizing hormone

________ stimulates the contraction of mammary glands when nursing infant.

Oxytocin

Which hormone increases the blood calcium level?

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)

________ hormones bind with an intracellular receptor to form a ________, which activates specific genes.

Steroid and thyroid; receptor-hormone complex

The secretion of oxytocin is controlled by ________.

action potentials resulting from stretching of the uterus or stimulation of the nipples

Glucagon and insulin work ________ on blood glucose levels.

antagonistically

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is secreted by the

anterior pituitary, and it targets follicular cells of the thyroid gland.

Nonsteroid hormones ________ pass across the plasma membrane; they cause the target cells to ________ that produce the characteristic effects of the hormones.

cannot; activate or inactivate the cellular enzymes

Steroid hormones are lipids, derived from

cholesterol.

The hormone that increases the rate of glycogen breakdown and glucose release by the liver is

glucagon

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone is secreted by the

hypothalamus and it increases release of thyroid-stimulating hormone from the anterior pituitary.

The hormone ________ stimulates movement of glucose into body cells and the conversion of glucose into glycogen.

insulin

A student is in a car accident and although not hurt, immediately experiences pupil dilation, increased heart rate, and rapid breathing. What type of endocrine system stimulus did the student receive?

neural

When a chemical messenger helps initiate an inflammatory response by causing cellular changes in neighboring cells, it is demonstrating ________ signaling.

paracrine

Which gland produces melatonin, which is responsible for setting circadian rhythms?

pineal gland

The parathyroid glands are located

posterior to the thyroid gland.

The secretion of antidiuretic hormone is controlled by ________.

the concentration of water in body fluids

The release of hormones from the adrenal medulla is stimulated by

the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system.

________ increase(s) metabolic rate and promote(s) protein synthesis.

thyroid hormones

ADH promotes ________.

water retention by the kidneys

Protein hormones are

water-soluble.