BIOL 4470: Module 4 Quiz

The spinal cord runs from the medulla oblongata to about the level of: A) L1 or L2. B) L4 or L5. C) S1 or S2. D) S3 or S4.

A) L1 or L2.

What is a common characteristic of the C1 through C6 vertebrae? A) They have paired transverse foramina. B) The spinous process is typically bifid. C) They have large lateral masses. D) The pedicles are missing.

A) They have paired transverse foramina.

Which part of the intervertebral disc is a jelly-like substance that absorbs shocks to the spine? A) nucleus pulposus B) annulus fibrosus C) vertebral endplates D) cartilage anchors

A) nucleus pulposus

The arrow on this image is pointing to the: A) vertebral foramina B) transverse foramina C) intervertebral foramina D) foramen magnum

A) vertebral foramina

What is the largest vertebra of the movable portion of the spine? A) L1 B) L5 C) S1 D) S2

B) L5

What is another name for sensory nerve roots? A) efferent B) afferent C) dorsal D) ventral

B) afferent

The arrows on this image are pointing to the: A) sacral hiatus. B) ala. C) lateral masses. D) articular processes

B) ala.

Which spinal ligaments keep the skull aligned with the cervical spine when rotating the head? A) transverse B) alar C) ligamentum flavum D) ligamentum nuchae

B) alar

Which veins drain blood from the vertebral bodies into the internal and external venous plexuses? A) radicular B) basivertebral C) intervertebral D) sulcal

B) basivertebral

The arrows on this image are pointing to the: A) sacral canal. B) sacroiliac joints. C) sacral foramen. D) lateral masses

B) sacroiliac joints.

Which condition occurs when the spinal cord in the lower spine is compressed and pinches a lower extremity nerve? A) annular tear B) sciatica C) vacuum disc D) discitis

B) sciatica

Which space is accessed with a needle during a lumbar puncture procedure? A) epidural B) subarachnoid C) subdural D) pia

B) subarachnoid

The arrow on this image is pointing which muscle? A) latissimus dorsi B) trapezius C) serratus posterior superior D) serratus posterior inferior

B) trapezius

The bracket on this image identifies which plexus? A) conus medullaris B) cervical C) brachial D) thoracic

C) brachial

Which type of curve is identified by the orange line? A) scoliotic B) kyphotic C) lordotic D) rotoscoliotic

C) lordotic

The arrow on this image is pointing to the: A) transverse process. B) odontoid process. C) spinous process. D) articular process.

C) spinous process.

Which is the most superior section of the spine? A) sacral/coccygeal B) lumbar C) thoracic D) cervical

D) cervical

The arrow on this image is pointing to the: A) lumbosacral enlargement. B) filum terminale. C) cauda equina. D) conus medullaris.

D) conus medullaris.

What is the dense bony projection of C2 that extends superiorly and articulates with the posterior border of the anterior arch of C1? A) occipital condyle B) articular prominence C) osseous protruberance D) odontoid process

D) odontoid process

Which transversospinal muscle group rotates and extends the head? A) rotatores B) multifidus C) semispinalis cervicis D) semispinalis capitis

D) semispinalis capitis