Biology 1010: Final Exam Study Guide
Look at figure 15.3. Which animals have radial symmetry? cnidarians bilateria protostomia sponges
s
A cell copies its DNA and divides once. This produces two identical cells. This describes? Mitosis only Meiosis only Both mitosis and meiosis Neither mitosis nor meiosis
a
A cell copies its DNA and divides twice. This produces four cells that are different. This describes? Meiosis only Neither mitosis nor meiosis Mitosis only Both mitosis and meiosis
a
A diploid cell has ___ total chromosome in __ pairs. 46, 23 23, no pairs 23, 46 44, 2
a
A heritable trait that aids the survival and reproduction of an organism in its present environment is called an adaptation analagous mutation allele
a
A hormone must bind to what on a cell to cause a change in that cell?. receptor active site ligand substrate
a
A molecule that stimulates an immune-system reaction by B cells and T cells is termed a(n) antigen. substrate. complement protein. antibody.
a
A normal human egg cell has ___ chromosomes and is ___. 23, haploid 46, haploid 23, diploid 46, diploid
a
A scientist hypothesizes the temperature at which an alligator's egg is incubated will determine whether the alligator will be male or female. The independent variable is the temperature the sex of the alligator the male alligators the incubator
a
Acid reflux is also known as heartburn appendicitis an ulcer constipation
a
Active transport requires ATP ADP glucose water
a
All life has what features? all life has all of these features DNA cells cell membrane
a
All plants can be divided into two major groups of plants - nonvascular and vascular monocots and dicots flowering and non-flowering symbiotic and parasitic
a
An organism is nn. N is for smooth skin and is dominant. n is for bumpy skin and is recessive. What is its phenotype? This is simple dominance. Bumpy skin Can't be determined Wavy skin (in between smooth and bumpy) Smooth skin
a
At the end of interphase of mitosis, how many sister chromatids are in a human cell? 92 23 46 Now way to know
a
At the end of the cell cycle of mitosis, how many chromosomes are in each human cell produced? 46 92 Now way to know 23
a
Blood glucose levels are too high. What hormone will be secreted to bring those levels down? insulin glycogen glucagon thyroid hormone
a
Chondricthyes have skeletons made of cartilage chitin cellulose bone
a
Chromatin is DNA plus proteins only proteins DNA plus proteins plus ribosomes only DNA
a
Domain Eukarya contains which kingdoms all of these are kingdoms in domain eukarya fungi protists plants
a
Evolution is not intentional or goal directed. True False
a
How do you cure Type 1 diabetes? can't be cured insulin injections blood donation diet
a
Human blood type is controlled by three alleles (IA, IB, i). i is recessive and IA and IB are codominant. What genotype does a person with type O blood have? ii IA IB IAi IA IA ii or IAi
a
Identify the stage (or stages) of cellular respiration that occurs entirely outside of the mitochondria. Glycolysis Electron transport chain All of these Citric acid cycle
a
In a simple dominance example, a pea plant that is Tt is crossed with a pea plant that is Tt. T is for tall plants and is dominant. t is for short plants and is recessive. What percent of offspring are short? 25% 100% 0% 50%
a
In energy flow through an ecosystem, chemical energy from food is used to power body functions in what process? cellular respiration only cellular respiration and photosynthesis neither cellular respiration nor photosynthesis photosynthesis only
a
In plants, ___ is a waste product while ____ is required. oxygen, carbon dioxide carbon dioxide, oxygen water, oxygen oxygen, sugar
a
In this example, what is the hypothesis? 1. My toaster doesn't toast my bread. 2. Why doesn't my toaster work? 3. There is something wrong with the electrical outlet. 4. If something is wrong with the outlet, my coffeemaker also won't work when plugged into it. 5. I plug my coffeemaker into the outlet. 6. My coffeemaker works. 3. There is something wrong with the electrical outlet. 2. Why doesn't my toaster work? 4. If something is wrong with the outlet, my coffeemaker also won't work when plugged into it. 1. My toaster doesn't toast my bread.
a
Individuals do not evolve. Populations evolve. True False
a
Insulin reduces blood glucose reduces blood calcium levels increases blood glucose stimulates metabolism
a
Meiosis produces ___ cells. haploid multiploid polyploid diploid
a
Mitosis is used in asexual reproduction sexual reproduction both sexual and asexual reproduction neither sexual nor asexual reproduction
a
Oxidation means the loss of electrons from an atom or molecule. the loss of oxygen from a cell. the gain of oxygen by a cell. the gain of electrons by an atom or molecule.
a
Passive transport moves substances from an area of ____ concentration to an area of ____ concentration. higher, lower lower, higher
a
Patrick loves bubble gum and would like to be able to blow bigger bubbles than anyone else in Bikini Bottom. To prepare for the Bikini Bottom Big Bubble Contest, he bought five different brands of bubble gum. He chews the same amount of each type of bubble gum for the same number of chews. Then he blows a bubble and measures its width. What is the independent variable in this experiment? brand of gum chewing the same amount of each brand of gum Chewing all the types of gum for the same period of time size of bubble
a
Protozoans are not animals because the do not have a gastrula (stage of embryo) have cells eat other organisms for food have DNA in a nucleus
a
Reptiles do NOT include which organisms? all of these are "reptiles" alligators birds snakes
a
SpongeBob loves to garden and wants to grow lots of pink flowers for his pal Sandy. He bought a special Flower Power fertilizer to see if will help plants produce more flowers. He plants two plants of the same size in separate containers with the same amount of potting soil. He places waters one every day with fertilized water. He waters the other plant with plain water every day. At the end of a month, he counts the total number of flowers produced by each plant. What is a controlled variable in this experiment? amount of potting soil in a pot total number of flowers produced by each plant use of Flower Power fertilizer number of pink flowers produced
a
The flow of alleles in and out of a population resulting from the migration of individuals or gametes is called gene flow sexual selection genetic drift natural selection
a
The job of a oncogene is to cause cancer inhibit cell division some other job promote cell division
a
The mouth is also called the oral cavity bolus epiglottis esophagus
a
Translation happens on the ribosome plasma membrane lysosome nucleus
a
Unsaturated fats are more common in plants found equally in both plants and animals animals
a
What domain(s) are eukaryotic? only Eukarya Eukarya and Bacteria Bacteria and Archaea only Archaea
a
What is a mineral in your diet? An inorganic element. An organic nutrient. Required in large amount in your diet. A placebo.
a
What is a positive cell-cycle regulator? makes cell continue through the cell cycle - speeds up division stops cell from going through the cell cycle - slows down division
a
What is a theory in science? generally accepted, thoroughly tested and confirmed explanation for a set of observations or phenomena suggested explanation for an event, which can be tested equal to a scientific law not found in biology
a
What is an organism-produced chemical that is hostile to the growth of other organisms? antibiotic carcinogen herbicide mutagen
a
What is it called when DNA copies itself? replication duplication transcription translation
a
What is microevolution? gradual change of a population over time When similar structures arise through evolution independently in different species integration of genetics and evolution processes that gave rise to new species and higher taxonomic groups with widely divergent characters
a
What is the definition of multiple alleles as an inheritance pattern? having multiple alleles for a single gene having one dominant allele gives you the dominant trait in a heterozygote, expression of two contrasting alleles such that the individual displays an intermediate phenotype several genes influence one trait
a
What is the storage form of glucose in humans and other vertebrates? glycogen chitin cellulose starch
a
What skill is a scientist using when she listens to the sounds that whales makes. making observations making a hypothesis drawing conclusions interpreting data
a
What stage(s) of cellular respiration make ATP? glycolysis, citric acid cycle and electron transport chain glycolysis only no stages make ATP citric acid cycle and electron transport chain
a
What step directly uses glucose in cellular respiration? Glycolysis Electron transport chain All 3 steps Citric acid cycle
a
What tissue in plants transports sugars (food)? phloem spore xylem bryophyte
a
What type of diabetes UNTREATED has low insulin levels? Type 1 neither Type 1 nor Type 2 both Type 1 and Type 2 Type 2
a
Which animal does NOT have bilateral symmetry? sponges and cnidarians flatworms, annelids, and mollusks all animals have bilateral symmetry only cnidarians
a
Which below is FALSE about diffusion? Always requires transport protein transport from high to low concentration transport of substances not water does not require ATP
a
Which below is FALSE about nondisjunction? Occurs during mitosis Not normal Chromosomes do not separate Usually results in death of embryo
a
Which below is NOT a sign or symptom of diabetes? Restlessness Frequent urination Blurred vision Frequent thirst and hunger
a
Which below is TRUE of chromosomes? Single molecule of DNA One gene per chromosome Number varies from one organism to the next in a species Humans have 46 pairs
a
Which is FALSE about hypotheses? cannot be tested should be falsifiable can never be proven can be disproven
a
Which is TRUE about a benign tumor? Relatively harmless Fast growing Can metastasize Invasive
a
Which of the following hypotheses is written correctly? If I freeze a tennis ball, then it will not bounce as high. If a tennis ball is frozen, it won't bounce as high as one that is not frozen. If I heat up a tennis ball it will bounce high. Frozen tennis balls will not bounce as high.
a
Which of the following statements is true? Mechanical and chemical digestion both occur in the mouth and in the stomach. Mechanical digestion only occurs in the stomach; chemical digestion only occurs in the mouth. Mechanical and chemical digestion occur in the mouth; chemical digestion, but not mechanical digestion, occurs in the stomach. Mechanical digestion only occurs in the mouth; chemical digestion only occurs in the stomach.
a
Which type of diabetes is strongly influenced by weight and activity level? Type 2 Type 1 Not found in diabetes of any type Both types
a
Why can the gene that produces insulin in a human be inserted into bacteria and produce the same human insulin? Bacterial DNA is made up of the same chemical building blocks as human DNA. Because humans evolved from bacteria, the gene for insulin is already present in bacteria. Humans and bacteria have the same proteins. The insulin gene originated in bacteria and was transferred to humans through an infection.
a
You haven't eaten in a while. Your blood sugar is dropping. What hormone is released to increase blood sugar levels? What kind of feedback is that? glucagon, negative glucagon, positive insulin, negative insulin, positive
a
A liver cell is a... Both a somatic cell and a gamete Somatic cell Neither a somatic cell nor a gamete Gamete
b
A normal human female has how many TOTAL chromosomes? 47 46 24 23
b
A scientist hypothesizes the temperature at which an alligator's egg is incubated will determine whether the alligator will be male or female. The dependent variable is the size of the baby alligators the sex of the baby alligators the temperature the incubator
b
A triploblast has how many tissue layers? 2 3 4 1
b
About how many species of plants are there? 1 million 300,000 50,000 2.3 billion
b
All cancer begin with cytokinesis. a mutation. a virus. an infection.
b
All protists live in pond water none of these apply to all protists are microscopic live in some type of water
b
An oncogene is producing a protein. What is the likely outcome? Cell division rate increases Out of control cell division Cell division slows down No way to tell what will happen
b
Ann goes in for an oral glucose tolerance test. After she drinks the glucose solution, her blood sugar shoots up and then quickly comes down. Is she diabetic? Can't be determined Definitely no Definitely yes
b
Cystic fibrosis in humans is a simple dominance trait. Cystic fibrosis is recessive (f). Normal health is dominant (F). Two normal parents have a child with cystic fibrosis. What is TRUE about these parents? One is FF and the other is Ff They are both Ff They are both FF They are both ff. One is FF and the other is ff
b
DNA is found in the plasma membrane nucleus cytoplasm lysosome
b
Darwin is well known for noting similarities and differences in the beaks of this organism in the Galapagos Islands. Tortoises Finches Beagles Parrots
b
Evolution is controversial among scientists. True False
b
Food moves from the mouth to the stomach through the trachea esophagus oral cavity small intestine
b
How do humans interfere in the nitrogen cycle? fertilizer production only fossil fuels and fertilizer production fossil fuels only deforestation and fertilizer production
b
In an asexual life cycle, cells reproduce by meiosis and fertilization mitosis meiosis fertilization.
b
In lactose intolerance, a person lacks an enzyme to digest lactose. What reaction can this person not do? Lipid digestion Hydrolysis Ingestion Dehydration
b
In which type of diabetes is blood insulin and blood glucose very high? Not found in diabetes of any type Type 2 Type 1 Both types
b
Inorganic essential nutrients are called steroids minerals vitamins trans fats
b
Mammograms are gamma-rays x-rays UV-rays visible light-rays
b
Mitosis divides a cell ____. twice once
b
Mitosis is the division of the ____ into two. Cell only DNA only DNA and the cell
b
Paramita goes in for an A1C test. She has been very good about keeping her blood sugar in check these past few months. She splurges and has a sugary powdered donut before going to the doctor. Will her A1C shoot up due to one donut? Definitely yes Definitely no Can't be determined
b
Proteins are made by joining nucleic acids amino acids polymers monosaccharides
b
Sea stars (or star fish) are arthropods echinoderms mollusks chordates
b
Simple dominance genetic question. T for tall is dominant to t for short. An Tt mother is mated with a tt father. What percentage of the children are medium height? 50% 0% 75% 100% 25%
b
SpongeBob loves to garden and wants to grow lots of pink flowers for his pal Sandy. He bought a special Flower Power fertilizer to see if will help plants produce more flowers. He plants two plants of the same size in separate containers with the same amount of potting soil. He places one plant in a sunny window and waters it every day with fertilized water. He places the other plant on a shelf in a closet and waters it with plain water every other day. What is wrong with this experiment? only the location of the plants both location of plants and watering schedule the experiment has no hypothesis the experiment has no controlled variables
b
Spring peepers have a single gene for determining their call. In a simple dominance example, deep calls (D) are dominant to high calls (d). I mate Dd x dd. How many of the offspring are deep callers? 0% 50% 100% 75% 25%
b
Sugar levels are high in the blood. Glucose requires a transport protein but no energy to enter the cell where the glucose concentration is lower. This is osmosis facilitated diffusion simple diffusion active transport
b
The scientist who invented genetics is Leady Mendel Darwin Pasture
b
What SPF is suggested for reducing skin cancer? 45 15 28 2
b
What are the reactants/ ingredients/ inputs for cellular respiration? carbon dioxide and water glucose and oxygen sugar and water carbon dioxide and oxygen
b
What does the term "theory" mean to a scientist? A hypothesis that has been supported by the evidence of an experiment A collection of accepted hypotheses that explain a wide range of natural phenomena A proposed explanation for an observed phenomenon A guess
b
What is a "benign" tumor? A mass of cells that grows out of control and spreads to other tissues A mass of cells that grows out of control but remains at the site of origin A mass of cancerous cells A single mutated cell that could potentially develop into cancer
b
What is a negative cell-cycle regulator? makes cell continue through the cell cycle - speeds up division stops cell from going through the cell cycle - slows down division
b
What is an oncogene? normal gene that causes cancer mutated gene that causes cancer normal genes that are positive regulators of the cell cycle
b
What is in fertliizer that plants need? nitrogen gas nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium food (sugar) carbon dioxide
b
What is macroevolution? integration of genetics and evolution processes that gave rise to new species and higher taxonomic groups with widely divergent characters when similar structures arise through evolution independently in different species gradual change of a population over time
b
What is produced by photosynthesis? carbon dioxide and water sugar and oxygen ATP oxygen and carbon dioxide
b
What is the modern synthesis? evolution of bacteria evolution and genetics integrated homologous evolution mass extinction theory
b
What is the polymer of carbohydrates? amino acids polysaccharides disaccharides glucose
b
What is the primary cause of forest destruction? lack of water agriculture land for homes wood for homes
b
What is the waxy coating the protects plants from drying out? vascular system cuticle lignin cellulose
b
What process does your body use to make fats by joining monomers? Hydrolysis Dehydration Both are used Neither are used
b
What waste product(s) are made by the citric acid cycle? water CO2 H2O and CO2 ATP
b
When a tumor spread to another location in the body, the process is called transformation metastasis oncogene replication
b
When does a cell divide its DNA? cytokinesis mitosis interphase
b
When does a cell do its regular job? Cytokinesis Interphase Mitosis Mitotic phase
b
When does the DNA divide? Interphase Mitosis Cytokinesis
b
Which below is FALSE about gametes? 23 total chromosomes Many pairs of chromosomes Haploid Egg and sperm
b
Which below is NOT a common sign or symptom of diabetes? blurred vision and fatigue all of these are common signs and symptoms Frequent thirst and hunger frequent urination
b
Which below is NOT used as evidence of evolution? anatomy and embryology all of these are used fossils biogeography
b
Which below is not a benefit to plants on land? all of these are benefits more water more light more carbon dioxide
b
Which below is not a mollusk? octopus all are mollusks clam snail
b
Which form below has the highest energy? AMP ATP all are equal ADP
b
Which is FALSE about sexual reproduction? meiosis produces egg and sperm produces offspring identical to parent requires a partner uses gametes
b
Which is true of all cancers? They are inherited They are caused by changes in DNA They are caused by viruses They are caused by chemical carcinogens
b
Which kingdom has members that are always multicellular, uses sunlight to produce food, and adapted to life on land? plants, protists, and fungi Plants only plants and protists protists only
b
Which of the following could occur in type 1 diabetes? a decrease in blood glucose a decrease in insulin secreted by the pancreas muscle cells stop responding to insulin a decrease in insulin receptors on muscle cells
b
Which of the following is a true statement? All mutagens cause cancer. None of these is a true statement. All mutagens are carcinogens. All mutations are caused by mutagens.
b
Which of the following would be most likely to cause a cell to become malignant (cancer)? Inactivation of a proto-oncogene and activation of a tumor suppressor gene. Activation of a proto-oncogene and inactivation of a tumor suppressor gene. Activation of a proto-oncogene and activation of a tumor suppressor gene. Inactivation of a proto-oncogene and inactivation of a tumor suppressor gene.
b
Which selection includes only accessory digestive organs? liver, thyroid gland, spleen salivary glands, liver, pancreas gallbladder, pancreas, rectum stomach, small intestine, anus
b
A cell copies its DNA and divides once. This produces four cells. This describes? Meiosis only Mitosis only Neither mitosis nor meiosis Both mitosis and meiosis
c
A mass of fungal "threads" combines to form the _____________. cell wall nucleus mycelium spore
c
A substance enters a cell against a concentration gradient. The concentration of the substance is higher in the cell where it is being moved to. This is osmosis facilitated diffusion active transport simple diffusion
c
An enzyme lowers the energy of activation. What does that mean? The substrate is broken apart. It takes more energy for the reaction to happen. It's easier for the reaction to happen.
c
An organism is RR. R is for red color and is dominant. r is for white color and is recessive. What is its phenotype? This is simple dominance. White Can't be determined Red Pink
c
An organism is RR. R is for red color and is dominant. r is for white color and is recessive. What kind of gametes does it produce? This is simple dominance. Can't be determined Half R and other half r Only R Only r
c
An organism is nn. N is for smooth skin and is dominant. n is for bumpy skin and is recessive. What kind of gametes does it produce? This is simple dominance. Only N Can't be determined Only n Half N and other half n
c
Another scenario in which populations might experience a strong influence of genetic drift is if some portion of the population leaves to start a new population in a new location, or if a population gets divided by a physical barrier of some kind. This is called adaptation bottleneck effect founder effect natural selection
c
Diffusion moves substances from an area of _____ concentration to an area of ____ concentration low, high low, low high, low high, high
c
Elliot is sent for a fasting blood glucose test. He eats nothing for 8 hours before his test. If he is diabetic he will have.... lower than normal blood glucose normal blood glucose higher than normal blood glucose
c
Eye color in humans is a simple dominance trait. Eyes are brown (B) or blue (b). Can two parents with brown eyes have a baby with blue eyes? no Can't be determined yes
c
Food leaves the small intestine and enters the stomach anus large intestine liver
c
Freckles in humans are the result of a single gene showing simple dominance. F for freckles is dominant to f for non-freckled. A person is freckled, what is their genotype? only Ff only FF FF or Ff Ff or ff
c
Gallstones form in the gall bladder and are solid crystals of chyme cholesterol bile stomach acid
c
Gary is not the smartest snail in Bikini Bottom and believes he can improve his brain power by eating Super Snail Snacks. In order to test this hypothesis, he recruits several snail friends to help him with the experiment. One group of snails ate one snack with each meal every day for three weeks. The other group of snails did not eat the snacks. SpongeBob created a test and gave it to the snails before they started eating the snacks as well as after three weeks. What is the independent variable for this experiment? Taking the test before or after the experiment Improvement in test score after three weeks eating Snail Snacks or not Tastiness of snail snacks
c
Gathering information just to add to the knowledge base, such as measuring the beak length of various bird species, is known as ________. hypothesis-driven science investigative science discovery science applied science
c
How does a cell typically know when to divide? Tumor suppressor genes code for growth factor proteins that initiate cell division. They have an internal clock and only divide when they reach a certain age Proto-oncogenes code for growth factor proteins that initiate cell division. Oncogenes code for growth factor proteins that initiate cell division.
c
Human blood type is controlled by three alleles (IA, IB, i). i is recessive and IA and IB are codominant. What genotype does a person with type A blood have? IAi only ii Either IA IA or IAi IA IA only
c
Human sperm cells are ___ and contain ___ total chromosomes. diploid, 46 haploid, 46 haploid, 23 diploid, 23
c
I have my gall bladder removed. What kind of food will I have trouble digesting? I'll have trouble with all types of food proteins fats carbohydrates
c
Identify the principal role of cellular respiration. To convert solar energy into the chemical energy of sugars To convert kinetic energy into the chemical energy of sugars To convert the chemical energy of sugars into the chemical energy that fuels life's processes To convert the chemical energy of sugars into heat to maintain an elevated body temperature
c
If I blocked this structure, plants would not be able to take in water. What structure is this? all plant parts take up water roots and leaves roots only leaves only
c
In 2012, how many people were on the planet? 3 billion 13 billion 7 billion 9 billion
c
In comparing sexual and asexual reproduction, which below is NOT a similarity between them? both involve producing cells both produce offspring both require a partner both are used by plants
c
In comparing sexual and asexual reproduction, which is NOT a difference between them? only asexual reproduction does not require a partner only sexual reproduction produces egg and sperm Only sexual reproduction produces offspring bacteria only use asexual reproduction
c
In mitosis, one cell goes in and ___ cells come out. four number differs each time two one
c
In the human life cycle, ____ produces egg and sperm while ____ is used to grow in size and make repairs. Mitosis, mitosis Meiosis, meiosis Meiosis, mitosis Mitosis, meiosis
c
In this example, is the hypothesis proven true? 1. My toaster doesn't toast my bread. 2. Why doesn't my toaster work? 3. There is something wrong with the electrical outlet. 4. If something is wrong with the outlet, my coffeemaker also won't work when plugged into it. 5. I plug my coffeemaker into the outlet. 6. My coffeemaker doesn't work. No, the hypothesis is not true. Yes, the hypothesis is true. Hypothesis cannot be proven true.
c
In what step of cellular respiration is ATP made? Citric acid cycle only Electron Transport System only All three steps Citric acid cycle and glycolysis
c
Incomplete dominance genetic question. T for tall is dominant to t for short. An Tt mother is mated with a tt father. What percentage of the children are medium height? 25% 75% 50% 100% 0%
c
Mendel experimented on sheep humans peas wolves
c
Mitosis produces ___ cells. multiploid haploid diploid polyploid
c
Most agricultural plants are... all plants equally used in agriculture ferns angiosperms mosses
c
Occasionally the DNA may become damaged. Fortunately, cells proofread DNA and repair the damaged DNA. What might happen if proofreading did not happen? Tumor-suppressing genes would act to increase cell division as they do normally. Oncogenes would develop into proto-oncogenes. The chance of developing cancer would increase substanti ally. The cell would continue normal cell division and function.
c
Oil hydrogenation (a chemical process done in a factory) can produce a product, such as vegetable shortening or margarine, that is solid at room temperature. What is the name of this category of lipid? Saturated fat Unsaturated fat Trans fat Cholesterol
c
Patrick loves bubble gum and would like to be able to blow bigger bubbles than anyone else in Bikini Bottom. To prepare for the Bikini Bottom Big Bubble Contest, he bought five different brands of bubble gum. He chews the same amount of each type of bubble gum for the same number of chews. Then he blows a bubble and measures its width. What is a controlled variable in this experiment? brand of gum size of bubble chewing the same amount of each brand of gum loving bubble gum
c
Patrick loves bubble gum and would like to be able to blow bigger bubbles than anyone else in Bikini Bottom. To prepare for the Bikini Bottom Big Bubble Contest, he bought five different brands of bubble gum. He chews the same amount of each type of bubble gum for the same number of chews. Then he blows a bubble and measures its width. What is the hypothesis in this experiment? All gums produce the same size of bubbles. This experiment has no hypothesis. Some gums produce bigger bubbles. If some gums are better than others, then those gums will produce bigger bubbles.
c
Red blood cells do not have mitochondria. What stage(s) of cellular respiration can red blood cells do? citric acid cycle and electron transport chain glycolysis, citric acid cycle and electron transport chain only glycolysis can't do any stages of cellular respiration
c
Reproduction in bacteria is both sexual and asexual sexual asexual
c
The geographic distribution of organisms on the planet is called population biology Analagous evolution biogeography ethnobotany
c
The mutation that cause cancer are in what kind of genes? cellular respiration genes mitochondrial genes cell reproduction genes cell membrane genes
c
The pancreas produces insulin only glucagon only insulin and glucagon neither insulin nor glucagon
c
The process that moves food from beginning to end in the digestive system is called... reflexology lactation peristalsis segmentation
c
The scientific method ________. is only undertaken by trained scientists in a controlled laboratory setting is the means by which absolute truth can be uncovered is a rough recipe for answering questions, but the steps need not be performed in the same order as outlined nor must every step be performed every time is a rigid methodology that must be precisely followed to ensure validity
c
Ulcers are caused by stress spicy foods bacteria medication
c
What are attached at the centromere? Genomes Daughter cells Sister chromatids Homologous chromosomes
c
What does hydrophobic mean? carbon containing "water-loving" or soluble in water "water-fearing" or insoluble in water contains double bonds
c
What is a heterotroph? makes its own food but can also eat other organisms none of the above eats other organisms for food makes it own food
c
What is an error in DNA coding called? transposon nondisjunction mutation replication
c
What is macroevolution? gradual change of a population over time integration of genetics and evolution processes that gave rise to new species and higher taxonomic groups with widely divergent characters when similar structures arise through evolution independently in different species
c
What is one of the main reasons for the rise of resistant bacteria? use of genetically modifies organisms none of these is correct overuse and incorrect use of antibiotics underuse of pesticides and herbicides
c
What is science? It can address purely moral, aesthetic or spiritual questions. It's only performed by people with a PhD. It's a specific way of learning or knowing about the world It's a list of facts about the world
c
What is the best definition for cancer? a single type of mistake that takes over your body an infection you catch from another person uncontrolled cell division a process that always results in death
c
What is the monomer of carbohydrates? polysaccharides amino acids monosaccharides nucleotides
c
What is the source of carbon for plants? sugar sunlight carbon dioxide ATP
c
What is the source of energy for photosynthesis? the entire electromagnetic spectrum UV light the sun X-rays
c
What is transcription? Making proteins Making DNA Making RNA
c
What organisms on the Galapagos Islands were particularly important in Darwin's theory? tortoises iguanas finches cacti
c
When does the cell divide? Mitosis Interphase Cytokinesis
c
Where are instructions coded in DNA? phosphate groups deoxyribose nitrogenous bases (A, T, G, C)
c
Which below is FALSE about mutations? Most mutations are fixed by the cell. Minor mutations may not change the protein at all. Every mutation leads to cancer. All mutations are changes in the DNA.
c
Which choice has the setps of the scientific method in the correct order beginning with "Make an observation"? report results, determine if hypothesis supported or not, analyze the results, do an experiment, make a prediction, form a hypothesis, ask a question ask a question, do an experiment, form a hypothesis, determine if hypothesis supported or not, make a prediction, analyze the results, report results ask a question, form a hypothesis, make a prediction, do an experiment, analyze the results, determine if hypothesis supported or not, report results form a hypothesis, determine if hypothesis supported or not, ask a question, make a prediction, do an experiment, analyze the results, report results
c
Which choice has the terms in order from largest to smallest structure? chromosome > nucleus > gene gene > chromosome > nucleus nucleus > chromosome > gene chromosome > gene > nucleus
c
Which is TRUE about trisomy 21? 3 copies of a sex chromosome Not survivable - embryo usually dies 47 total chromosomes More common in younger mothers
c
Which kingdom is a "dumping" ground for organisms that don't fit into other kingdoms? only archaea protists and bacteria only protists protists and archaea
c
Who was Charles Lyell? botanist cosmologist geologist ecologist
c
You choose to swallow. Then your body takes over and moves food through the digestive tract. At what point to do you have voluntary control again? Rectum Colon Anus Stomach
c
You see the following is a chemical formula H2O. Which below is FALSE? This molecule is water. There are two hydrogens There are six hydrogens There is one oxygen
c
78% of our atmosphere is nitrogen gas. Can we use that nitrogen in our body? depends on the organism, plants can use it directly but animals can't yes, we can absorb and use it directly in our body no, it must be converted by bacteria first
d
A common example of a gymnosperm is a moss rose fern pine tree
d
A current trend among professional baseball players is wearing braided titanium necklaces. The titanium reportedly regulates the flow of energy through the body. The player wearing the necklace then improves strength, tires less, and recovers more quickly. Which of the following would be the strongest evidence for or against the necklace's effectiveness? A graph illustrating the satisfaction levels of the players who wear the necklace A chart comparing the percentage of players who do or do not wear the necklace A plot showing days on the disabled list and percentage of players who do or do not wear the necklace A graph comparing batting averages of the players who wear the official titanium necklace and those who were unknowingly wearing a fake titanium necklace
d
A lymphocyte is a red blood cell only part of innate immunity foreign invader white blood cell
d
A malignant tumor is more dangerous than a benign tumor because ... it causes neighboring cells to mutate. it travels through the digestive tract. its cells are dividing faster. its cells can acquire the capacity to invade other tissues.
d
A mutated tumor suppressor gene is producing a protein. What is the likely outcome? Cell division slows down Cell division rate increases No way to tell what will happen Out of control cell division
d
A proto-oncogene is producing a protein. What is the likely outcome? Out of control cell division Cell division slows down No way to tell what will happen Cell division rate increases
d
A scientist who wants to study the effects of fertilizer on plants sets up an experiment. Plant A gets no fertilizer, Plant B gets 5 mg of fertilizer each day, and Plant C gets 10mg of fertilizer each day. Which plant is the control group? Plant B Plant C All of them Plant A
d
A tumor suppressor gene is producing a protein. What is the likely outcome? No way to tell what will happen Out of control cell division Cell division rate increases Cell division slows down
d
Apoptosis is also called programmed cellular reproduction. mitosis. the cell cycle. programmed cell death.
d
At the end of interphase of mitosis, how many chromosomes are in a human cell? 92 23 Now way to know 46
d
Blood glucose levels are too low. What hormone is secreted to bring those levels back up? insulin glycolysis intermedian glucagon
d
Darwin traveled around the world on the Explorer Enterprise Labrador Beagle
d
During which stage of cellular respiration is the majority of the ATP produced? Fermentation Glycolysis Citric acid cycle Electron transport chain
d
Estrogen is in the blood passing by a cell. What determines if estrogen causes changes in that cell? The presence of any hormone receptors on the cell. The concentration of estrogen in the blood. The location of the cell (in the uterus, for example). The presence of estrogen receptors on that cell.
d
Glucoagon stimulates gamete production reduces blood glucose increases blood calcium levels increases blood glucose
d
Grains, fruits, and vegetables are high in nucleic acids fats proteins carbohydrates
d
How are monomers joined together? hydrolysis animation activation dehydration
d
Humans are both autotrophs and heterotrophs autotrophs neither autotrophs nor heterotrophs heterotrophs
d
I make an organism that includes genes from another species of organism. I've made a ___. clone synthetic organism mutant genetically modified organism
d
I want to start researching plants in the Oak Openings area of Toledo. I go out and count the numbers of different types of plants in my study area. What type of science is this? Theoretical science Hypothesis driven-science It's not any kind of science. It's just counting. Discovery science
d
In a particular animal, fur can be brown or white. What is brown or white called? Gene Either term can be used Neither term can be used Allele
d
In a particular plant, the height of the plant can be either tall or short. What is the height of the plant called? Neither term can be used Either term can be used Allele Gene
d
In a simple dominance example, one cat is long-haired trait and Ss, and its mate is short-haired traits and ss. What percent of offspring are long hairs? 100% 25% 0% 50%
d
In an experimental procedure, what is manipulated by the investigator to determine whether it influences the phenomenon of interest? dependent variable control group standardized variable independent variable
d
In genes controlling cell division, what is the normal gas pedal? tumor suppressor gene oncogene mutated tumor suppressor gene proto-oncogene
d
In meiosis, one cell goes in and ___ cells come out. one two number differs each time four
d
Insulin is made by the liver small intestine brain pancreas
d
Linda Hamilton has an identical twin. What sex is her identical twin? Linda's twin can be male or female. Linda's twin can only be male. Linda's twin can only be female.
d
Normal human body cells are ___ and contain ___ total chromosomes. haploid, 23 haploid, 46 diploid, 23 diploid, 46
d
Patrick loves bubble gum and would like to be able to blow bigger bubbles than anyone else in Bikini Bottom. To prepare for the Bikini Bottom Big Bubble Contest, he bought five different brands of bubble gum. He chews the same amount of each type of bubble gum for the same number of chews. Then he blows a bubble and measures its width. What is the dependent variable in this experiment? brand of gum chewing the same amount of each brand of gum Chewing all the types of gum for the same period of time size of bubble
d
Plants in general can reproduce using Neither sexual nor asexual reproduction Only sexual reproduction Only asexual reproduction Both sexual and asexual reproduction
d
RNA stands for rare nuclear assimilation ribbed nebulous assimilator really not amazing ribonucleic acid
d
The flow of alleles in and out of a population resulting from the migration of individuals or gametes is called sexual selection natural selection genetic drift gene flow
d
The process of a cell splitting into two cells is called Sexual reproduction Interphase Duplication Cytokinesis
d
The region of an enzyme that catalyzes reactions is called a reaction site. a catalyst site. a binding pocket. an active site.
d
What does DNA code for? only lipids all macromolecules only carbohydrates only proteins
d
What hormone causes blood glucose to fall in the blood? estrogen glucagon glycogen insulin
d
What is a proto-oncogene? mutated gene that causes cancer mutated genes that are positive regulators of the cell cycle normal gene that causes cancer normal genes that are positive regulators of the cell cycle
d
What is a variable? inconsistent with experimental data part of the experiment that does not change a specific question or problem any part of the experiment that can vary or change during the experiment
d
What is descriptive (or discovery) science? not used in biology begins with a specific question or problem and a potential answer or solution that can be tested random guesses about the natural world aims to observe, explore, and discover
d
What is hypothesis-based science? aims to observe, explore, and discover The only type of science used in biology not used in biology begins with a specific question or problem and a potential answer or solution that can be tested
d
What is the basic structure of most lipids? A branched chain of individual monomers A ring with carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio A linear chain of individual monomers A glycerol head and up to three fatty acid tails
d
What is the dominant (most common) type of plant today? nonvascular plants gymnosperms all vascular plants angiosperms
d
What is the first treatment for type 2 diabetes? bacteria injection glucagon injections insulin diet and exercise
d
What is the source of carbon for humans? carbon dioxide ATP sunlight food
d
What type of blood test asks the patient to not eat anything for several hours before a blood glucose test then you drink a glucose drink and have another blood glucose test? A1C test both fasting plasma glucose test and oral glucose tolerance test Fasting plasma glucose test Oral glucose tolerance test
d
What type of science uses experiments? both descriptive and hypothesis-based science neither descriptive and hypothesis-based science only descriptive science only hypothesis-based science
d
When does a cell receive a signal to duplicate its DNA? Mitotic phase Cytokinesis Mitosis Interphase
d
When should men start testicular self exams? after 50s before puberty after 20s after puberty
d
Where do I find most of the DNA in a cell? mitochondria ribosomes Golgi bodies nucleus
d
Where is DNA found in a cell? ribosome Golgi body cytoplasm nucleus
d
Which accessory organ's secretions neutralize stomach acid in the small intestine? Gallbladder Liver Salivary glands Pancreas
d
Which below is FALSE about DNA? Found in the nucleus Organized into 1 or more chromosome Every living organism uses it All the choices are TRUE
d
Which of the following statements about the scientific method is false? The scientific method can be used by anyone at any time. The scientific method proves things false. The scientific method is a way of asking questions and getting evidence-driven answers. The scientific method proves things true.
d
Which type of white blood cells produces defensive proteins called antibodies? Natural killer cells Phagocytic cells T cells B cells
d