Biology 1201: Test 2
Ignoring crossover, how many kinds of gametes can be produced by an organism with a diploid number of 8?
16
The egg (ovum, gamete) of a rabbit contains 22 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are in the somatic (body) cells of a rabbit?
44
The light reactions of photosynthesis supply the Calvin cycle with...
ATP and NADPH
What is the probable effect on ATP production of a low calorie diet?
ATP production would remain constant as stored fats or other body molecules are oxidized
Drugs known as uncouplers facilitate diffusion of protons across the membrane. When such a drug is added, what will happen to ATP synthesis and oxygen consumption in the rates of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle stay the same?
ATP synthesis will decrease; oxygen consumption will stay the same.
Inside one osmosis bag, A, is a 50% glucose solution and side bag B is a 20% glucose solution. Both bags are put into beakers containing 100% water.
Both bags will gain weight
How will a respiratory uncoupler affect the rates of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle?
Both will increase
During intense exercise, as muscles go into anaerobiosis, the body will increase its consumption of...
Carbohydrates
In what ways do eukaryotic cell membranes differ from each other?
Certain proteins are unique to each membrane
According to the fluid mosaic model, proteins of the membrane are mostly _________.
Embedded in a lipid bilayer
Petite mutants of yeast have defective mitochondria incapable of oxidative phosphorylation. What carbon sources can these mutants use to grow?
Glucose
To sustain high rates of glycolysis under anaerobic conditions, cells require...
NAD+
The sodium potassium pump: (more than one answer)
Pumps in 2 K+ and pumps out 3 Na+ and Is active transport
Wallway is a new general herbicide for aquatic plants. Its main ingredient is a marine salt solution. It is effective against freshwater but not saltwater plants. It works by breaking down the cell walls of the plants. The freshwater plants dies because their cells ______________.
Swell and burst
What pathways generate reduced electron carriers?
The citric acid cycle, glycolysis, and pyruvate oxidation
A 0.9% NaCl solution is isotonic to red blood cells. Which of these describes the results if red blood cells are placed into a 9% solution of NaCl?
They will shrink
Which of the following is matched correctly? a. Interior of the membrane is hydrophilic b. Exterior has non-polar functional groups c. The hydrophilic heads allows the movement of uncharged particles through the membrane d. The hydrophobic interior is stops charged particles from moving into the cell
a. Interior of the membrane is hydrophilic
Which of the following is not part of the cell membrane? a. Protolipids b. Cholesterol c. Unsaturated phospholipids d. Saturated phospholipids e. Glycolipids
a. Protolipids
Which of the following will be able to move through the plasma membrane without needing a protein transport? a. Water b. Carbon Dioxide c. Glucose d. Lipids e. Na+
a. Water b. Carbon Dioxide d. Lipids
Glucose is a six-carbon sugar that diffuses slowly through artificial phospholipid bilayers. The cells lining the small intestine, however, rapidly move large quantities of glucose from the glucose-rich food into their glucose-poor cytoplasm. Using this information, which transport mechanism is most probably functioning in the intestinal cells?
active transport pump
Which of the following conditions will make a membrane more fluid? (more than one answer) a. Trans unsaturated fats b. Cholesterol c. Saturated fats d. Cis unsaturated fats e. Lower temperature
b. Cholesterol d. Cis unsaturated fats
Which of the following describes the movement of molecules from a low concentration to a higher concentration? a. diffusion b. active transport c. osmosis d. facilitated diffusion e. exocytosis
b. active transport
Which of the following 2 terms best describe the membrane of a cell? a. Rigid to provide structure b. Dense to prevent freezing by retaining more heat c. Fluid so the proteins in the membrane can move around d. Random in that that there is uncontrolled scattering of glycol lipids and proteins e. Mosaic because similar proteins cluster together but the whole membrane is not organized
c. Fluid so the proteins in the membrane can move around
Rotenone inhibits complex 1 (NADH dehydrogenase). When complex 1 is completely inhibited, cells will...
consume less oxygen but still make some ATP through both glycolysis and respiration
One difference between cancer cells and normal cells is that cancer cells...
continue to divide even when they are tightly packed together.
Which of the following processes include all others a. Osmosis b. Diffusion of a solute across a cell membrane c. Facilitated diffusion d. Passive transport e. Transport of an ion down its electrochemical gradient
d. Passive transport
Vinblastine is a standard chemotherapeutic drug used to treat cancer. Because it interferes with the assembly of microtubules, its effectiveness must be related to...
disruption of mitotic spindle formation.
How many of the following are true of endocytosis and exocytosis? a. The surface area to volume ratio of the cell increases with endocytosis b. In exocytosis the inner membrane layer of the vesicle fuses with the inner membrane of the cell c. Exocytosis requires energy while endocytosis does not d. Osmosis is the endocytosis of water e. Endocytosis and Exocytosis are both active transport
e. Endocytosis and Exocytosis are both active transport
Newborn mammals have a specialized organ call brown fat, where cells burn fat to CO2 without capturing the energy to reduce electron carriers or more ATP. This energy may be used, instead, to...
generate heat
Whenever energy is transformed, there is always an increase...
in the entropy of the universe
Cellular respiration can be described as...
taking electrons from food and fiving them to oxygen to make water, and using the energy released to make ATP
Which of the following answers is not involved nor an outcome of crossing over?
the random alignment of homologous pairs of chromosome at metaphase I
The purpose of fermentation reactions is...
to regenerate NAD+ so glycolysis can continue