biology 1500 pre lab questions
100μL is equivalent to: A) 0.1mL B) 100mL C) 0.001mL D) 1000mL
0.1 mL
What voltage is gel electrophoresis run at?
100V
Ocular lenses found in most compound light microscopes a magnification of..? A) 1X B) 0.5X C) 100X D) 10X E) 1000X
10x
From start to finish, place in order the laboratory steps that must be accomplished in order to identify DNA from samples/organisms.
1st Step: DNA Isolation 2nd Step: PCR Amplification 3rd Step: Gel Electrophoresis of PCR Products 4th Step: Analysis of gel results
Match the phase (or step) of photosynthesis to the process.
1st phase/step: light reactions 2nd phase/step: dark reactions
What is the optimal temperature for most enzymes? A) 60+ degrees Fahrenheit B) 40 to 60 degrees Celsius C) 40 to 60 degrees Fahrenheit D) 60+ degrees Celsius E) 20 to 40 degrees Fahrenheit F) 20 to 40 degrees Celsius
20 to 40 degrees Celsius
In order to separate PCR product bands produced by plant and GMO primers, a ____ agarose gel is required.
3%
How long is gel electrophoresis typically run for?
30 minutes
How much ATP is generated by the complete oxidization of pyruvate into CO2 and H2O via aerobic respiration ? A) 36-38 B) 20-30 C) 15-20 D) 30
36-38
You are using a compound microscope and you have the objective lens set to 40x. What is the total magnification you are using to view the specimen? A) 400x B) 4x C) 4000x D) 40x
400x
What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis? A) 6CO2 + 6H2O + light ---> C6H12O6 + 6O2 B) C6H12O6 + 6O2 ----> 6 H2O + 6 CO2 + ATP C) Both A and B D) Neither A or B
6CO2 + 6H2O + light --> C6H12O6 + 6O2
What is the enzyme we will be using in lab today? A) pNPP B) ALP C) pNP D) PAL
ALP
Match the step of PCR with what is occurring in the test tube.
Annealing: DNA primers hybridize to the DNA strand Denaturation: Double stranded DNA melts to single stranded DNA Extension: DNA strand elongates with DNA polymerase
If you get stuck while researching papers/topics or citing a paper what is the best solution? A) Google and use random websites to help you out B) Complain and/or cry C) ask an NSU librarian D) Ignore your problems and deal with it late
Ask an NSU librarian
Your heart rate, or pulse, is the number of times your heart ______ A) Beats per minute B) Beats for love C) Beats per second D) Beats by Dr. Dre
Beats per minute
The linear relationship between the concentration of a colored solution and its light absorbance is known as the ______. A) Kirchhoff's Law B) Planck Radiation Law C) Beer-Lambert Law D) Wien's Displacement Law
Beer-Lambert Law
CO2 is converted into a stable organic compound through a process known as A) Carbon fixation B) Nitrogen fixation C) Oxygen fixation D) Chemiosmosis
Carbon Fixation
The process by which organisms chemically oxidize organic compounds as a means of generating ATP is? A) Cellular Respiration B) Photosynthesis C) Breathing D) Triphosphate Pathway
Cellular Respiration
What is used to compare observed ratios for a given cross compare with predicted ratios? A) Chi-square analysis (χ2) B) Punnet Square C) Standard deviation D) Margin of error
Chi-square analysis (χ2)
What color-producing chemical will be used in today's lab to determine the concentration of glucose solutions through absorbance readings? A) Copper (I) Oxide B) Chlorophyll a C) Carbonate D) Chromogen
Chromogen
What are autosomes? A) Chromosomes 1-22 B) sex chromosomes C) Pairs of chromosomes D) Self -replicating chromosome
Chromosomes 1-22
If you were given a sample of bacteria to analyze, which microscope would be best for quickly identifying the specimen? A) Dissecting B) Slide Viewing C) Compound D) Electron
Compound
In prokaryotic cells, catabolism of pyruvate takes place in the __________________. Whereas, in eukaryotic cells, it occurs in the _________________________. A) cytoplasm, mitochondria B) fermentation, cytoplasm C) cytoplasm, NADH D) mitochondria, glycolysis
Cytoplasm, mitochondria
Below is a the volume listed on a P200 micropipette: 1 5 5 A) 15.5 μL B) 155 mL C) 310 μL D) 155 μL E) 310 mL
D) 155 μL
__________ is more resistant than ___________ to processing and can be extracted from highly processed foods, making it a better option for identifying GM in food.
DNA, Proteins
What will happen in the experiment when light hits the chloroplasts? A) all of the above B) DPIP will be reduced C) DPIP will change from blue to colorless D) there will be an increase in light transmittance
DPIP will change from blue to colorless DPIP will be reduced there will be an increase in light transmittance
What is the correct order for the steps of PCR amplification ?
Denaturation, Annealing, Extension
What number do chromosomes of somatic cells contain? A) Diploid number (2n) B) Haploid number (n) C) Triploid number (3n) D) they do not contain any
Diploid number (2n)
Name the two types of "peas" that we will be working with in the cellular respiration lab. A) Dormant peas and germinating peas B) Green peas and snow peas C) Snap peas and green peas D) Green peas and germinating peas
Dormant peas and germinating peas
What is the test that can be used to detect proteins that are produced in GM crops?
ELISA
Which has a smaller wavelength: electrons or visible light? A) visible light B) electrons
Electrons
The first offspring produced from a monohybrid cross is called the... A) F1 generation B) F2 generation C) M1 generation D) Mono1
F1 generation
A denatured enzyme can catalyze a chemical reaction. A) true B) false
False
A molecular weight ruler, aka ladder, is used as a reference to determine the charge (i.e. negative vs. positive) of your products.
False
Dissecting microscopes allow higher magnification than compound microscopes. A) true B) false
False
Enzyme activity typically occurs within a very broad pH range. A) true B) false
False
If the results of a patient's two "random" glucose readings are 196 mg/dL and 200mg/dL, this person meets the criteria of diabetes mellitus. A) true B) false
False
Only glucose can be broken down to generate ATP. A) true B) false
False
Photosynthesis is a catabolic process. A) true B) false
False
Plant cells are like red blood cells and can potentially burst when placed in a certain solution. A) true B) false
False
Simple diffusion requires energy input. A) true B) false
False
To view a specimen under an electron microscope, it has to be living. A) true B) false
False
The act of placing genes for selected traits directly into crop plants is a form of genetic modification known as______________
Genetic Transformation
What is the genetic composition of an organism called? A) Genotype B) Phenotype C) heterozygous D) homozygous
Genotype
What is the end product of photosynthesis (for the plant)? A) Glucose B) Carbon dioxide C) Light D) Heat
Glucose
At which stages of aerobic cellular respiration are ATP produced? A) Glycolysis B) Kreb's Cycle C) ETC D) Chemiosmosis
Glycolysis Chemiosmosis Kreb's Cycle
Match the process to its substrate (i.e. starting material).
Glycolysis: Glucose Kreb's Cycle: Pyruvic Acid/Pyruvate ETC: electrons
Who is known as the 'founder' of genetics? A) Gregor Mendel B) Charles Darwin C) Jimmy Neutron D) Thomas Hunt Morgan
Gregor Mendel
What factors determine how fast water moves across a membrane? Select all that apply. A) Solute concentration difference B)The size of the cell C) Hydrostatic pressure
Hydrostatic pressure Solute concentration difference
The variable that is manipulated or varied by the researcher in an experiment is the: A)Dependent Variable B) independent Variable C) Codependent Variable D) Non-dependent Variable
Independent Variable
The color of a solution and the wavelength of light it absorbs have a(n) __________ relationship. A) Proportional B) Linear C) Synergistic D) Inverse
Inverse
Your resting heart rate is___________ A) Your heart rate after exercise B) Is when your heart is pumping the least amount of blood C) When your heart rate is at its slowest D) When your heart rate is pumping the most amount of blood E) B and C F) A and D
Is when your heart is pumping the least amount of blood. When your heart rate is at its slowest b and c
If you were to attend lab in person, what is the proper attire you must wear before entering the lab? (Select all that apply)
Lab Coat Long Pants Mask Closed Toe Shoes
What will happen when a red blood cell is placed in distilled water? A) The cell will become turgid B) Lysis will occur C) Crenation (shrinking of the cell) will occur D) Plasmolysis will occur
Lysis will occur
What determines resolution? Check all that apply
Magnification Lens Diameter Visual Activity Lens Quality
In an experiment designed to determine the rate of reaction based on the content of each beaker, the hypothesis that states there will be no difference in the outcome of the experiment is: A) Zero Hypothesis B) Alternative Hypothesis C) Differential Hypothesis D) Null Hypothesis
Null Hypothesis
The movement of water molecules from a region of high free water concentration to a region of low free water concentration is known as ____________________. A) Proton pump B) Active transport C) Facilitated diffusion D) Osmosis
Osmosis
Tonicity is the measure of what? A) Air pressure B) Osmotic presssure C) Solute concentration D) Ion concentration
Osmotic pressure
What micropipette(s) could be used to measure out 175μL of liquid? A) P100 B) P200 C) P1000 D) P20
P1000 P200
Match the photosystem to the specialized pigment molecules.
PSI: P700 PSII: P680
What is the appearance of a particular trait called? A) Phenotype B) Genotype C) Appearance factor D) Dominant allele
Phenotype
ALP catalyzes the hydrolysis of _______________ attached to proteins or lipids. A) Phenol groups B) Phosphate groups C) Substrates D) Methyl groups
Phosphate groups
Large complexes of proteins and pigments (light-absorbing molecules) that are optimized to harvest light are called: A) Photosystems B) Photographs C) Photosynthesis D) Photosphere
Photosystems
A scanning electron microscope (SEM) does what of the following? A) Produce an image that is smaller than the original. B) Produce an image that is upside down. C) Produce 3-D images of the surfaces of objects. D) Produce an image when a beam of electrons are passed through a sample.
Produce 3-D images of the surfaces of objects.
Blue-colored objects absorb which wavelength of light the most? A) Red B) Blue C) Purple D) Green E) UV F) None of these
Red
Being able to reproduce the results of an experiment on a separate day follows the principles of: A) Similarity of Causation B) Objectivity C) Parsimony D) Uniformity E) flexibility
Similarity of Causation
Gel electrophoresis separates DNA on the basis of what?
Size of DNA
Which of the following molecules can diffuse through a cell membrane? Mark all that apply. A) Large molecules B) Small molecules C) Charged molecules
Small Molecules
What is the name of the machine we will use in today's lab to measure the amount of light that is absorbed by a solution? C) Photometer B) Micropipettes C) Spectrophotometer D) Absorbometer
Spectrophotometer
Match the general steps (in order) of the scientific method.
Step 1: Making Observations/Ask Questions Step 2: Developing hypothesis Step 3: Design a hypothesis and test a hypothesis Step 4: Analyze results Step 5: Repeat
During the dark reactions, atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) is brought into the leaf through tiny pores called: ___________ A) Stomata B) Stamen C) Sepals D) Stigma
Stomata
What is added to a gel that allows us to visualize DNA?
SyberSafe dye
What type of buffer is used to run gel electrophoresis?
TAE
What will happen when a red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution? A) The cell becomes turgid B) The cell becomes shriveled C) The cell becomes lysed D) The cell remains normal
The cell becomes shriveled
What is the P generation? A) The first set of parents crossed B) The first set of offspring C) The phenotype of the generation D) The party generation
The first set of parents crossed
Aerobic respiration yields more ATP than anaerobic respiration. A) true B) false
True
In the United States, genetically modified foods do not have to be labeled as such.
True
Independent variables are usually plotted on the X-axis of a graph, whereas dependent variables are usually plotted on the Y-axis A) true B) false
True
Moving molecules against their concentration gradient requires energy. A) true B) false
True
Potential allergic reactions to novel proteins and Antibiotic resistance from selectable markers are major arguments against/concerns associated with the GMO industry
True
When an enzyme's reaction rate doubles for every 10 degree Celsius increase in temperature it's called the Q10 effect. A) true B) false
True
You must heat up the agarose to dissolve it.
True
fermentation generates energy A) true B) false
True
The cause behind the results of an experiment will stay the same if we repeat the experiment tomorrow follows the principles of: A) Similarity of Causation B) Parsimony C) Uniformity D) Objectivity E) Flexibility
Uniformity
What does homozygous mean? A) When the same pair of alleles composes a trait B) When two different alleles compose a trait C) When genes replicate D) When an allele is missing
When the same pair of alleles composes a trait
What color will the product of today's experiment (pNP) turn? A) Blue B) Red C) Yellow D) Violet
Yellow
During the process of gel electrophoresis, combs are used to
form the wells that samples will be placed in
DNA Polymerase is derived from a bacterium that lives in
high-temperature steam vents
Many species are unable to utilize oxygen as a final electron acceptor during cellular respiration due to: A) lack of ETC proteins, lack of oxygen in the environment, lack of enzymes needed to inactivate free radicals B) lack of enzymes needed to inactivate free radicals, lack of carbon in the environment, lack of ATP proteins C) lack of ATP proteins, lack of oxygen in the environment, lack of enzymes needed to inactivate restrictive radicals D) lack of enzymes needed to inactivate restrictive radicals, lack of ETC proteins, lack of oxygen in the environment
lack of ETC proteins, lack of oxygen in the environment, lack of enzymes needed to inactivate free radicals
Can dominant alleles be masked by recessive alleles? A) no B) yes C) only by certain recessive alleles D) I didn't read the pre-lab
no
What is the in vitro substrate for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) that we will be using in lab? A) Q10 B) pNPP C) None of these are correct D) pNP
pNPP
DNA from Bacillus thuringiensis is incorporated into the genomes of crops to make them
pest resistant
When leaf pigments absorb light, electrons are boosted to a higher energy level, providing energy to: A) all of the above B) produce ATP C) reduce NADP+ D) none of the above
produce ATP reduce NADP+
What macromolecule is an enzyme classified as? A) Lipid B) Nucleic Acid C) Carbohydrate D) Protein
protein
The difference between dialysis tubing and real cell membranes is that A) real membranes are more selective B) artificial membranes allow only proteins to pass through C) artificial membranes are more selective D) real membranes can't undergo osmosis
real membranes are more selective
Primers serve as _________ for amplifying the target region of the DNA to be copied.
start and stop points
What happens if either the enzyme or substrate is limited? A) the enzyme's reaction rate will decrease B) the enzyme's reaction rate will remain constant C) the enzyme's reaction rate will cease D) the enzyme's reaction rate will increase
the enzyme's reaction rate will remain constant
