Biology 1611 Lab

Successful transformation requires that the bacteria be heated shocked. Why is this necessary?

Heat shock provides the stress needed to get the bacteria to take up materials from their surroundings

list four variables you controlled in lab 5

concentration, temperature, enzyme, substrate

the active site of an enzyme is

fragile and dynamic the catalytically active region of an enzyme complementary in shape and chemistry

what is the natural role of lactase in mammals?

hydrolysis of a disaccharide

STR

short tandem repeats since many people have the same number of repeated for one particular STR one would need to look at multiple STRs in order to tell the relationship between two people

why is ampicillin added to plates with pGLO?

to kill all cells that haven't been transformed

A plant cell with an osmolarity of .8M will undergo plasmolysis if placed in

a solution greater than .8M

why don't the cell with pGLO and ampicillin don't fluoresce?

arabinose is required to turn on the GFP gene and it is not present in the growth media

Formation of product of galactose and ONP will be detected by

colorimetric measurement using a spectrophotometer

Osmosis refers specifically to the

diffusion of water molecules across a membrane

In the electrophoresis experiment of Lab 6 blank molecules will be separated

dye

If a dialysis tube is filled with a 20% sucrose solution and placed in pure water it will

increase in volume

what is the experimental variable?

independent variable

Calculate the transformational efficiency in transform ants/cells plated

number of colonies that fluoresced/control with no amp or ara introduced

the osmotic pressure of a solution is proportional to

temperature the gas constant the concentration of the solution

what is true of enzymes?

they accelerate and steer chemical processes in organisms

When a Paramecium is viewed under the 40X objective lens of the microscope its width is approximately 1/4 the field of view. The field diameter of the 40X objective is 450 microns. What is the approximate width of this organism?

(1/4)(450)=112microns

Calculate transformational efficiency

(10ul)(0.8ug/ul) (8ug/510ul) (0.016ug/ul)(100ul) 34transformants/1.6ug =transformants/ug

What is the correct order in preparing the blank for the enzyme lab?

enzyme Na2CO3 ONPG

which of the following would be expected to decrease the distance molecules migrate in a electrophoresis experiment?

increase the concentration of agarose in the gel

the migration rate of DNA fragments is directly related to their

length

Gel electrophoresis is useful for

providing evidence in criminal cases diagnosing genetic diseases determining paternity

what does Na2Co3 do?

it denatures the enzyme (a protein)

where is the bacteria taken from in lab 7?

jellyfish

lactase catalyzes the conversion of

lactose to glucose and galactose ONPG to galactose and ONP

What is the resistant gene in bacteria against ampicillin?

pGLO

The cellular content of leukemia patient's blood is 82% red blood cells, 4% functioning leukocytes and 16% nonfunctioning leukocytes. Which of the following would best illustrate this finding?

pie chart

enzyme

protein whose job is to facilitate a chemical reaction that allows metabolic reactions to happen very quickly because it lowers the activation energy so that more waves will happen more frequently some enzymes can make reactions move back and forth

Two dye molecules equal in size and charge may have different migration rates through an agarose gel because of their difference in

shape

Gel electrophoresis is a powerful and widely used analytical method that separates molecules on the basis of their

size charge shape

hypotonic solution

solution that has a lower osmotic pressure than another solution

what does it mean to say that a plant cell is "isotopic" to its surrounding solution?

the cytosol has the same osmolarity as the surrounding fluids

The transfer of the human insulin gene into bacteria is called genetic transformation

true

after bacteria are spread on agar plates each cell will multiply to form a colony, which appears as a dorm of cells on the agar surface

true

bacteria produce small circular molecules of DNA called plasmids

true

bacteria that have the pGLO plasmid will survive in the presence of the antibiotic ampicillin

true