Biology 203 chapter 7 quiz/assignment

True

Diffusion is one of the processes whereby materials are exchanged between a cell and its environment. True or False.

D. osmosis

Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane is referred to as ___________. A. exocytosis B. active transport C. pinocytosis D. osmosis

D. antagonism

Antibiosis is a form of _________. A. synergism B. parastism C. opportunism D. antagonism

B. Carrier mediated active transport C. Group translocation E. Endocytosis

From the list below, select all of the active transport mechanisms used by cells. A. Simple diffusion B. Carrier mediated active transport C. Group translocation D. Facitated diffusion E. Endocytosis

D. water molecules across a membrane from an area of high water concentation to an area of lower concentration

Osmosis is best defined as the movement of ________. A. molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration B. molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of higher concentration C. water molecules across a membrane from an area of low water to an area of higher concentration D. water molecules across a membrane from an area of high water concentation to an area of lower concentration E. water molecules inside a container

True

A 5% urea solution is hypotonic to a 10% urea solution. True or False.

D. lose water

A cell exposed to a hypertonic environment will _________ by osmosis. A. burst B. neither gain nor lose water C. gain water D. lose water

C. shrink

A red blood cell placed in a hypertonic medium will __________. A. expand B. burst C. shrink D. have no change in shape E. Become a white blood cell

False

After binary fission, daughter cells will differ genetically. True or False.

B. Fungus

After using jelly on a sandwich, you close the jar and place it in a room temperature shelf instead of in the refrigerator. When you open the jar several weeks later you notice microblal growth on the surface. What type of organisms lkely to grow in this environment? A. Bactera B. Fungus C. Virus D. Protozoa

C. magnesium

An important mineral ion that is a component of chlorophyll and serves as a stabilizer of membranes and ribosomes is __________. A. potassium B. zinc C. magnesium D. calcium E. iron

photoautotrooh

An organism that uses CO2 for its carbon needs and sunlight for its energy needs would be called a______. A. chemoheterotroph B. halotroph C. photoautotroph D. saprobe E. Heterotroph

True

Anaerobes can be cultured in a CO2 environment. True or False.

C. macronutrients; micronutrients

Carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen are considered _________ because they are required in relatively large quantities whereas manganese, zinc, and copper are considered __________ because they are required in very small quantities. A. nonessental, essential B. micromolecules; macromolecules C. macronutrients, micronutrients D. elements; atoms

B. 640,000

Consider the following thypothetical conditions: A population of 10,000 bacteria has a doubling time of 20 minutes under a given set of growth conditions. The culture is allowed to grow for 2 hours. Select the number of bacteria that best predicts the population size at the end of the two hour incubation period. Assume there is no lag phase. A. 40,000 B. 640,000 C. 1,280,000 D. 320,000

False

Escherichia and Salmonella are cocci that divide by binary fission. True or False.

True

Facilitated diffusion and active transport require a carrier protein to mediate the movement across the plasma membrane. True or False.

D. 8

How many generations does it take for a single bacterial cell to become 256? A. 5 B. 6 C. 7 D. 8 E. 9

True

If a cell is placed in an isotonic medium, there will be no net movement of water. True or False.

B. mutualism

In a close relationship change in one partner that results from a change in the other partner is termed _________. A. synergism B. mutualism C. antibiosis D. symbiosis E. coevolution

B. colony; cell

In the viable plate count method, a measured volume of a culture is evenly spread agar surface and incubated. Each _________ represents one _______ from the original sample. A. cell; colony B. colony; cell C. cell; cell D. generation; cell E. species; colony

True

Inorganic nitrogen must be converted to ammonia to be used by a cell. True or False.

C. trace elements

Microorganisms require small quantities of _________ for enzyme function and maintenance of protein structure. A. water B. electrolytes C. trace elements D. growth factors E. macronutrients

D. binary fission

Most bacteria increase their numbers by _________ A. hyphae formation B. sexual reproduction C. endocytosis D. binary fission

B. Carbon D. Hydrogen E. Oxygen G. Nitrogen H. Phosphorous I. Sulfur

Please select those nutrients that are essential for growth, reproduction, and maintenance of a bacterial cell. A. DNA B. Carbon C. Silver D. Hydrogen E. Oxygen F. Phospholipids G. Nitrogen H. Phosphorous I. Sulfur

True

Rod-shaped bacteria synthesize new cell walls over the entire surface of the cell. True or False.

B. Microorganisms perticipate in quorum sensing C. Microorganisms secrete extracellular material, usually polysaccharide, that forms a matrix E. Microorganisms exist as part of a diverse interdependent community

Select the characteristics of blofilms that differentiate them from planktonic bacteria. Check all that apply. A. Microorganisms live singly and independenty B. Microorganisms perticipate in quorum sensing C. Microorganisms secrete extracellular material, usually polysaccharde, that forms a matrix D. Microorganisms are readily eradicated using antibiotics E. Microorganisms exist as part of a diverse interdependent community

C. They are associated with chironic ear infections.

Select the statement that most accurately reflects biofilms. A. They are easily treated with antibiotic therapy B. They communicate via remote sensing C. They are associated with chronic ear infections. D. They are comprised of one microbial species

D. Acidophile

Select the term that refers to a microbe able to survive very low pH conditions. A. Osmophile B. Alkalinophile C. Halophile D. Acidophile

A. molecules from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration

Simple diffusion is defined as the movement of _________. A. molecules from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration B. molecules from areas of lower concentration to areas of higher concentration C. water molecules across a membrane D. gas molecules across a membrane E. gas or water molecules across a membrane

True

The degree of turbidity in a broth culture correlates to the amount of cell growth. True or False.

B. Although some microbes will be killed, those embedded deeply within the biofilm are protected from environmental challenges

The bioflm that forms in your shower ('shower curtain scum") can tolerate exposure to hot water when you shower and is resistance to desiccation between showers. The microbes in the biofilm are not endospores, so what is the best explanation for their survival under these conditions? A. Biofilms are composed of diverse microbes, and within each biofilm, there are certain to be endospore-formers and thermophiles B. Although some microbes will be killed, those embedded deeply within the biofilm are protected from environmental challenges C. Dead skin cells continuously replenish the biofilm, and organic soaps provide a continuous carbon source D. The shower hasn't been thoroughly cleaned in a while, and when I really scrub it, the microbes will all be killed

C. 12 hours

The generation time of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is _________. A. 30 minutes B. 3 hours C. 12 hours D. 33 hours E. 10 days

False

The molecules in a solid lump of sugar do not move. True or False.

C. lag phase

The phase of the bacterial growth curve that shows the maximum rate of cell division is the _________. A. death phase B. prophase C. lag phase D. exponential phase E. stationary phase

C. endocytosis

The process by which a cell uses ATP to enclose a substance in its membrane, by forming a vacuole and engulfing it, is called __________. A. facilitated diffusion B. osmosis C. endocytosis D. active transport E. diffusion

E. Temperature, size of molecules, and steepness of the concentration gradient

The rate of diffusion is affected by which of the following? A. Temperature B. Size of molecules C. Steepness of the concentration gradient D. Temperature and size of molecules E. Temperature, size of molecules, and steepness of the concentration gradient

E. cross septum

The structure that divides the bacterial cell in two is termed the ___________. A. cell plate B. cleavage furrow C. fission line D. demarcation zone E. cross septum

E. superoxide dismutase and catalase

The toxic superoxide lon is converted to harmless oxygen by two enzymes, ____________. A. superoxide dismutase and hydrogen peroxidase B. catalase and hydrogen peroxidase C. superoxide dismutase and oxidase D. catalase and oxidase E. superoxide dismutase and catalase

B. photoheterotroph

This microbe is photosynthetic, but in the absence of light it can use organic compounds as an energy source. Its carbon source is an orgaric compound. The appropriate classification for this organism would be __________. A. chemoautotroph B. photoheterotroph C. lithotroph D. photoautotroph

B. symbiosis

When microbes live independently but cooperate and share nutrients, it is called __________. A. synergism B. symbiosis C. antibiosis D. mutualism

C. the dissolved sugar molecules are evenly distributed throughout the solution

When sugar is mixed with water, equilibrium is reached when _________ A. molecules of sugar stop moving B. water and sugar molecules are moving at the same speed C. the dissolved sugar molecules are evenly dstributed throughout the solution D. there are the same number of water molecules as dissolved sugar molecules E. two tablespoons of coffee are added

A. Chemoautotrophic B. Thermophilic

Which descriptors are likely to have applied to the earliest microbes on the planet? Check all that apply. A. Chemoautotrophic B. Thermophilic C. Chemoheterotrophic

B. It requires a gradient

Which of the following is true of passive transport? A. It includes endocytosis B. It requires a gradient C. It uses the cell wall D. It only moves water

D. Endocytosis

Which of the following require the cell to use energy? A. Facilitated diffusion B. Osmosis C. Diffusion D. Endocytosis

B. Small nonpolar molecules

Which of the following will pass through a cell membrane most easily? A. Small polar molecules B. Small nonpolar molecules C. Large polar molecules D. Large nonpolar molecules E. Large neutral molecule

D. All of the choices are correct

Which organism has a challenge to maintain cellular electrolyte and fluld balance in its environment? A. A protozoan in a fresh water lake B. A becterium in a fresh-water lake C. A bacterium in Great Salt Lake D. All of the choices are correct

B. halophillic

You inoculate a bacterium into three tubes of nutrient broth medum cortaining added salt: 0.5% NaCl, 5% NaCl, and 15% NaCI. After incubation, you notice significant turbidity in the 15% NaCl medium and modest tubidity in the 5% NaCI medium. There is no growth in the third tube. This organism would be termed _______. A. barophillic B. halophillic C. osmophobic D. haloduric