Biology 2.1 The Nature of Matter

Atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons they contain are called ________________

Isotopes

What is a chemical compound?

A substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions.

Identify two ways in which carbon - 12, carbon - 13, and carbon - 14 are alike.

They all have 6 electrons and 6 protons in each carbon atom.

Identify two differences between carbon - 12 and carbon - 14.

They both have 6 electrons and 6 protons. The difference is that carbon - 12 has 6 neutrons while carbon - 14 has 8 neutrons.

A chemical element is a pure substance that consists entirely of one type of _______

Atom

What is the difference between an ionic bond and a covalent bond?

Covalent Bond - Electrons travel in the nuclei of both atoms Ionic Bond - One or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another.

An atom is made up of protons, neutrons, and ________________.

Electrons

What do the formulas for table salt, NaCl, and water, H2O, indicate about these compounds?

For NaCl it show the element ratio of 1:1 and H2O shows an element ratio of 2:1

How are chemical bonds important in metabolism?

Metabolism uses energy to break down chemical bonds, causing the broken bonds to release energy.