Biology Cell Terms

Centrosomes

clouds of cytoplasmic material that in animal cells contain centrioles

Diffusion

the act of dispersing or diffusing something

Cellulose

a carbohydrate that is found in cell walls

Cytoplasm

a jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended

Nucleus

a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction

Nucleolus

a small round body of protein in a cell nucleus

Grana

a stack of thylakoids within a chloroplast

Vacuole

a tiny cavity filled with fluid in the cytoplasm of a cell

Chlorophyll

any of a group of green pigments found in photosynthetic organisms

Plastid

any of various small particles in the cytoplasm of the cells of plants and some animals containing pigments or starch or oil or protein

Lysosomes

cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the cell

Osmosis

diffusion of molecules through a semipermeable membrane from a place of higher concentration to a place of lower concentration until the concentration on both sides is equal

Microtubules

hollow tubes of protein about 25 nanometers in diameter, support the cell and moves organelles within the cell

Endoplasmic Reticulum

internal membrane system in cells in which lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled and some proteins are modified

Microfilaments

long threads of the beadlike protein atkin, liked end to end and wrapped around each other; contribute to cell movement

Chloroplast

plastid containing chlorophyll and other pigments

Cell Wall

provides plants and other organisms with their rigidity, a rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms

Ribisomes

small structure of wich cells can make there own proteins

Golgi Apparatus

stack of membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum

Mitochondria

the organelles in which nutrients are converted to energy

Nucleoplasm

the protoplasm that constitutes the nucleus of a cell

Cell

the smallest unit of life that carries out its own processes

Cell Membrane

thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell

Chromosomes

threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes

Centriole

tubular organelles found near the nucleus in pairs that aid in cellular division, in animal cells, a cytoplasmic organelle that organizes the mitotic spindle fibers during cell reproductions