Biology Ch 4 Section 1

How many phosphate groups does ATP have?

ATP has three different phosphate groups, but the bond holding the third phosphate group is unstable and is very easily broken.

How does ADP become ATP?

Adding a phosphate group to ADP forms ATP and energy.

ADP

A lower-energy molecule that can be converted into ATP by the addition of a phosphate group

ATP

A molecule is a molecule that transfers energy from the breakdown of food molecules to cell processes

Chemosynthesis

A process by which some organisms use chemical energy instead of light energy to make energy-storing carbon-based molecules

How many phosphate groups does ADP have?

ADP has two groups of phosphate.

How are ATP and ADP related?

ATP and ADP are both used in making energy, both are made of phosphates as well.

Which molecules are most often broken down to make ATP?

Carbohydrates are most commonly used to make ATP, but lipids create the most ATP.

What is the most commonly broken down molecule to produce energy?

Carbohydrates are the most commonly broken down molecules even though they are not stored in large amount in your body.

What types of molecules are used to make ATP?

Carbohydrates, Lipids, and Proteins are used to make ATP.

What types of molecules produce the most ATP?

Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins produce the most number of ATP.

What do cells use ATP for?

Cells use ATP for functions such as building molecules such as building molecules and moving materials by active transport

What molecule provides the most ATP?

Lipids form the most ATP, 9 calories per mg.

How are some organisms able to survive without sunlight and photosynthesis?

Organisms use chemosynthesis to make energy-storing carbon-based molecules instead of light energy.

Why are proteins less likely to be used?

Proteins form the same amount of ATP as Carbohydrates, but they are not used because the proteins are needed more then they are needed for energy.

How is energy released from ATP?

The energy released by ATP is released when a phosphate group is removed from the molecule.

Describe how you do not get energy directly from the food that you eat.

The food that you eat does not contain ATP that your cells use, first, they must be digested. Digestion breaks down food into smaller molecules that can be used to make ATP.

Where does ADP come from?

When phosphate is removed, energy is released and ATP becomes ADP.