biology ch. flash cards

The electron arrangement for argon, which has 18 electrons, is

2 in the inner electron shell, 8 in the second electron shell, and 8 in the outer electron shell.

Glucose, C6H12O6, is best described as a(n)

compound

An atom with a neutral charge has

equal numbers of protons and electrons.

Which one of the following is the smallest unit of matter that has all the properties of an element?

atom

An atom that has an electrical charge is called a(n)

ion.

The number of neutrons present in the nucleus of an average atom of any given element is best estimated by

subtracting the number of protons from the mass number.

After drinking a great deal of coffee (pH 5), a human's blood buffering system would need to ________ as the coffee was digested to lower the level of acid present in the blood stream.

take up H+

In what ways are radioactive isotopes potentially harmful?

Unmonitored release into the environment can make changes in a cell's DNA.

Which of the following property of water helps an individual who is exercising vigorously maintain a constant body temperature?

Water has high heat capacity.

Which property of water causes sugar to dissolve in coffee?

Water is a good solvent.

In the reaction 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2 carbon dioxide is one of the

reactants.

A water molecule, as shown here, is polar because of

unequal sharing of electrons.

The reactivity of an atom depends on the number of

valence electrons.

Isotopes of an element differ in their

neutron number.

The subatomic particles that are found in the nucleus of an atom are the

neutrons and protons.

A covalent bond involves the sharing of

pairs of electrons.

Sulfur has an atomic number of 16. How many valence shell electrons does it have? Multiple Choice

six

Although Oregon and South Dakota are at similar latitudes, winters in Oregon are warmer and summers in Oregon are cooler. Which of the following might explain these differences between the climate of Oregon and the climate of South Dakota?

The Pacific Ocean makes Oregon temperatures more moderate.

Heartburn occurs when stomach acid escapes the stomach and burns the tissues of the esophagus. Baking soda is sometimes used as an antacid. How does baking soda help relieve symptoms of heartburn?

The baking soda is serving as a buffer to take up excess H+ ions from stomach acid.

What do lemons, tomatoes, and coffee all have in common chemically?

They all produce H+ ions in solution, making them acids.