Biology - Chapter 12: DNA Technology - Quiz

recombinant E. coli bacteria grown in large fermentation vats

Human insulin is produced in large quantities by ____.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Which of the following was the first eukaryote to have its full DNA sequence determined?

heating

In a PCR reaction, the strands of DNA are first separated by ____.

looks and tastes the same as unmodified salmon

According to the producers of the genetically modified salmon, the meat ____.

using gene therapy to treat severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID)

An example of a successful gene therapy approach to treating human disease is seen in a procedure ____.

1,405

DNA fragment B consists of ____ base pairs.

that the DNA polymerase could be denatured

DNA polymerase is a heat-sensitive enzyme. What is one thing that would need to be considered concerning the activity of this enzyme in PCR when the temperature is heated during each cycle to separate the DNA strands?

every person has a unique DNA sequence

DNA testing (profiling) has been used to determine guilt or innocence of suspected crime suspects. This works because ____.

food from a genetically altered animal

For the first time, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration is considering whether to allow the sale of ____.

Forensic investigators compare genetic markers in DNA taken from suspects to genetic markers in DNA from crime scene samples.

How do forensics investigators use DNA fingerprinting to link a particular suspect to a particular crime scene?

The genetically modified fish are sterile.

How does the company raising these fish claim to prevent the genetically modified fish from breeding with wild fish?

6,557

In this example the marker DNA includes fragments that have 23,130, 9,416, 6,557, 4,361, 2,322, 2,027, and 564 base pairs. Approximately how many base pairs are in the DNA fragment indicated by the letter A?

between 6,557 and 4,361 base pairs

In this example the marker DNA includes fragments that have 23,130, 9,416, 6,557, 4,361, 2,322, 2,027, and 564 base pairs. Approximately how many base pairs are in the DNA fragment indicated by the letter B?

sticky ends

The unpaired nucleotides produced by the action of restriction enzymes are referred to as ____.

the comparison of whole genomes

The ability to sequence DNA has led to a new field called comparative genetics, which is ____.

grow faster

The fish in the video have been genetically engineered to ____.

isolating and cloning the normal gene

To date, the "easy" part of gene therapy has been ____.

All: They want more studies on the health effects that genetically modified fish may have on people who eat it; They want to prevent genetically modified fish from breeding with wild fish; They want food from genetically modified fish to be clearly labeled as genetically modified.

What concerns do some consumer groups have about genetically modified fish?

combining genes from different species

What is recombinant DNA technology?

DNA ligase

Which enzyme "pastes" DNA fragments together?

human proteins

Among other uses, recombinant DNA technology has provided a mechanism for nonhuman cells to produce ____.

negative; positive

In gel electrophoresis DNA molecules migrate from ____ to ____ ends of the gel.

a restriction enzyme ... DNA ligase

In recombinant DNA experiments, ____ is used to cut pieces of DNA and ____ joins the resulting fragments to form recombinant DNA.

-ACGT

The sticky end of the DNA restriction fragment shown here will pair with a DNA restriction fragment with the sticky end ____.

In a few cases, such as some specific kinds of breast cancer, genomics has allowed doctors and patients to specifically target drugs that are effective for their particular genetic variant of a disease.

In what way is genomics just beginning to provide information for treatment for a potential wide variety of diseases based on the genetic makeup of each patient?

determine the nucleotide sequence of the entire human genome and map all the human genes

The main goal of the Human Genome Project (HGP) was to ____.

adding genetic material from a Pacific salmon and an eel-like fish

The modified salmon were created by ____.

proteomics

The systematic study of the full protein sets that genomes encode is called ____.

pieces of DNA that have been cut into different lengths

The term "restriction fragments" refers to ____.

separation of DNA strands; addition of primers; use of DNA polymerase to produce second strand of DNA

What is the correct sequence of events that occur in a PCR reaction?

When there are small quantities of DNA to analyze

When is PCR particularly applicable?