Biology chapter 3 3.1-3.2

For ice to melt, it has to

Absorb heat from its surroundings

Why is the linking of two monomers called "dehydration synthesis"?

Because the atoms removed from the monomers combine to form water.

Which of the following is NOT an organic molecule? Carbon monoxide Protein Nucleic acid Monosaccharide Lipid

Carbon Monoxide

Which of the following best summarizes the relationship between dehydration reactions and hydrolysis?

Dehydration reactions assemble polymers, and hydrolysis reactions break down polymers.

Phospholipids have hydrophilic tail regions and hydrophobic head regions.

False

Which of the following reactions is an example of dehydration synthesis? Fat → fatty acids + glycerol Cellulose → glucose Glycogen → glucose subunits Glucose + galactose → lactose Peptide → alanine + glycine

Glucose + Galactose—>lactose

What is the difference between an organic compound and an inorganic compound?

Organic compounds contain carbon and hydrogen. Inorganic compounds don't.

Why are organic molecules so diverse compared to inorganic molecules?

The carbon molecules in an organic compound can make four bonds.

Dehydration synthesis involves the removal of a hydrogen ion and a hydroxyl ion. What happens next?

The hydrogen and hydroxyl ions interact to form water.

Acids have pH values below 7, whereas bases have pH values above 7. True or False?

True

Functional groups determine the characteristics and chemical reactivity of organic molecules.

True

In dehydration synthesis, the atoms that make up a water molecule come from

both of the reactants

Hydrolysis may be correctly described as the

breaking of a compound into its subunits by adding water between the subunits.

An example of a structural polysaccharide is

cellulose

Water molecules are cohesive because they

form hydrogen bonds

What type of chemical reaction results in the breakdown of organic polymers into their respective subunits?

hydrolysis

If digestion is ________, then synthesis is ________.

hydrolysis and dehydration

Prions are known to cause

mad cow disease

If you place a paper towel in a dish of water, the water will

move up the towel as the water adheres to the paper towel while the cohesive water molecules stay bound to each other.

Keratin and silk are examples of ________, whereas glucose and maltose are examples of ________.

proteins and carbohydrates

Which of the following provides long-term energy storage for plants?

starch

You are telling your friend that organic molecules are all made up of carbon backbones with hydrogens. She doesn't understand how there can be so many different organic molecules if they all are made up of the same basic components. You explain that organic molecules

vary because they possess different functional groups

Large biological molecules are synthesized by removing

water

Large biological molecules are synthesized by removing water. oxygen. covalent bonds. peptides. Carbon

water