Biology - Chapter 6
Which of the following is true about cheese?
A high fat cheese is less dense then a low fat cheese.
Which of the following cheeses would likely spoil the most quickly?
A low fat, low salt variety.
Which of the following is an autotroph?
A magnolia tree.
What is the name of the process in which pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid.
Fermentation.
ATP synthase is a protein that assembles ATP. What is the direct source of energy that powers this machine in the process of cellular respiration?
Flow of H+.
Glycolysis occurs in almost all organisms on Earth. From this we might conclude that _____.
Glycolysis evolved very early in ancestors that are common to all the domains of life.
Which of the following processes take place in the cytosol of a eukaryotic cell?
Glycolysis.
Which of these is NOT a product of glycolysis?
FADH2
Consider which reactions do not occur under anaerobic conditions.
2 ATPs.
In the absence of oxygen, the net gain of ATP for each glucose molecule during glycolysis is approximately _____.
2 ATPs.
How many NADH are produced by glycolysis?
2.
In glycolysis, there is a net gain of _____ ATP.
2.
For each glucose that enters glycolysis _____ NADH enter the electron transport chain.
4.
In glycolysis, what starts the process of glucose breakdown?
ATP.
Which energy-rich molecule produced by cellular respiration directly powers cell work?
ATP.
Which of these enters the citric acid cycle (also called the Krebs cycle)?
Acetyl CoA.
Which of these is NOT a product of the citric acid cycle (also called the Krebs cycle)?
Acetyl CoA.
Chemical reactions that require oxygen are called _____, while those that do not require oxygen are considered _____.
Aerobic...Anaerobic.
You are a cheese maker wanting to connect a large quantity of lactose to acid. Which of the following do you need?
Bacteria.
molecules needed for photosynthesis are _____ and _____.
Carbon dioxide...water.
In which organisms to cellular respiration and photosynthesis occur?
Cellular respiration occurs in both producers and consumers.
Successfully making cheese requires separating what?
Curds and whey.
You create a new variety of cheese that has very little water. Which of the following is true?
It is quite high in fat.
The proximate (immediate) source of energy for oxidative phosphorylation is _____.
Kinetic energy that is released as hydrogen ions diffuse down their concentration gradient.
In muscle cells, fermentation produces _____.
Lactate and NAD+
The main function of cell respiration is _____.
Making ATP to power cell activities.
In what organelle would you find acetyl CoA formation, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain?
Mitochondrion.
The electron transport chain is a series of electron carrier molecules. Where are these molecules located in eukaryotic cells?
The inner membrane of the mitochondria.
During electron transport, energy from _____ is used to pump hydrogen ions into the _____.
NADH and FADH2.......Intermembrane space
In cellular respiration, most ATP molecules are produced by _____.
Oxidative phosporylation.
The final electron acceptor of cellular respiration is _____.
Oxygen.
_____ is a chemical process that uses light energy from the sun to build organic molecules.
Photosynthesis.
Plants require specific inputs to carry out photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Which of the following statements accurately reflects what plants must take in?
Plants take in carbon dioxide from the air (photosynthesis); plants take in both carbon dioxide and oxygen (cellular respiration).
Because plants can perform photosynthesis, they are called _____.
Producers.
In glycolysis, ATP molecules are produced by _____.
Substrate level phosphorylation.
In the citric acid (also called the Krebs cycle), ATP molecules are produced by _____.
Substrate-level phosphorylation.
If the amount of oxygen required by your muscles during a workout exceeds your aerobic capacity, your muscles will _____.
Switch to anaerobic respiration and produce lactic acid.
Which statement describes the citric acid cycle?
This process produces some ATP and carbon dioxide in the mitochondrion.
Which statement describes glycolysis?
This process splits glucose in half and produces 2 ATPs for each glucose.
Which statement describes the electron transport chain?
This process uses energy captured from electrons flowing to oxygen to produce most of the ATPs in cellular respiration.
An important end production of cellular respiration is _____.
Water.