Biology Chapter 6 Practice Test

Which of the following statements correctly describes a common characteristic of a plant cell wall and an animal cell extracellular matrix? A. Both are permeable to water and small solutes. B. Both contain large amounts of collagen. C. Both are composed primarily of carbohydrates. D. Both are permeable to water and small solutes, and both contain large amounts of collagen. E. Both are permeable to water and small solutes, both contain large amounts of collagen, and both are composed primarily of carbohydrates.

A. Both are permeable to water and small solutes.

Which of the following statements is true about cell fractionation? A. Cell fractionation separates cells into their component parts. B. Cell fractionation is no longer used in modern cell biology. C. Cell fractionation uses strong acids to break apart cells. D. Cell fractionation requires the use of a scanning electron microscope. E. None of the listed responses is correct.

A. Cell fractionation separates cells into their component parts.

Consider a protein that is made in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. You observe that when the synthesis of the protein is completed, the protein is located in the ER membrane. Where else in the cell might this protein be found? A. Embedded in the plasma membrane, functioning in the transport of molecules into the cell B. In a mitochondrion, functioning in ATP synthesis C. In the cytoplasm, functioning as an enzyme in carbohydrate synthesis D. In the aqueous interior of a lysosome, functioning as a digestive enzyme E. In the internal space of the Golgi apparatus, being modified before the protein is excreted

A. Embedded in the plasma membrane, functioning in the transport of molecules into the cell

A researcher wants to film the movement of chromosomes during cell division. Which type of microscope should she choose, and why is it the best choice? A. Light microscope because the specimen is alive B. Transmission electron microscope because of its high resolving power C. Scanning electron microscope because of its ability to visualize the surface of subcellular objects D. Transmission electron microscope because of its high magnifying power E. Light microscope because of its high resolving power

A. Light microscope because the specimen is alive Only technique that allows to observe living cells

Cilia and flagella move due to the interaction of the cytoskeleton with which of the following? A. Motor proteins B. Mitochondria C. Pseudopodia D. Actin E. Tubulin

A. Motor proteins

Which of the following organelles might be found inside other organelles? A. Ribosomes B. Mitochondria C. The nucleolus D. Transport vesicles E> No organelles are found inside other organelles.

A. Ribosomes

A substance moving from outside the cell into the cytoplasm must pass through __________ A. the plasma membrane B. the nucleus C. a microtubule D. the endomembrane system E. a ribosome

A. the plasma membrane

Which of the following is the simplest collection of matter that can live? A. Organ B. Cell C. Molecules D. Tissue E. None of the listed responses is correct.

B. Cell

In terms of cellular function, what is the most important difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? A. Eukaryotic cells are much more successful than prokaryotic cells. B. Eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized, which allows for specialization. C. Eukaryotic cells are larger than prokaryotic cells. D. Eukaryotic cells lack many of the organelles found in prokaryotes. E. Eukaryotic cells can synthesize proteins, but prokaryotic cells cannot.

B. Eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized, which allows for specialization.

Which of the following structures is found in eukaryotic but not prokaryotic cells? A. Cytosol B. Mitochondria C. Plasma membrane D. Ribosomes E. DNA

B. Mitochondria

Which of the following five membranes is most likely to have a lipid composition that is distinct from those of the other four? A. Golgi apparatus B. Mitochondrial outer membrane C. Lysosome membrane D. Endoplasmic reticulum E. Plasma membrane

B. Mitochondrial outer membrane

What is the functional connection between the nucleolus, nuclear pores, and the nuclear membrane? A. Membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum is produced in the nucleolus and leaves the nucleus through the nuclear pores. B. Subunits of ribosomes are assembled in the nucleolus and pass through the nuclear membrane via the nuclear pores. C. The nuclear pores are connections between the nuclear membrane and the endoplasmic reticulum that permit ribosomes to assemble on the surface of the ER. D. The nucleolus contains messenger RNA (mRNA), which crosses the nuclear envelope through the nuclear pores. E. None of the listed responses is correct.

B. Subunits of ribosomes are assembled in the nucleolus and pass through the nuclear membrane via the nuclear pores.

A protein that ultimately functions in the plasma membrane of a cell is most likely to have been synthesized __________. A. in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum B. in the rough endoplasmic reticulum C. in the plasma membrane D. on free cytoplasmic ribosomes E. in the ribosomes of the mitochondria

B. in the rough endoplasmic reticulum

Dye injected into a plant cell might be able to enter an adjacent cell through __________. A. a gap junction B. plasmodesmata C. a tight junction D. a microtubule E. a cell wall

B. plasmodesmata

Which of the following statements about chloroplasts and mitochondria is true? A. Chloroplasts and mitochondria have three sets of membranes. B. Chloroplasts, but not mitochondria, are completely independent of the cell of which they are a part. C. Chloroplasts and mitochondria synthesize some of their own proteins. D. Mitochondria, but not chloroplasts, contain a small amount of DNA. E. Chloroplasts and mitochondria are components of the endomembrane system.

C. Chloroplasts and mitochondria synthesize some of their own proteins.

Which statement about the cytoskeleton is true? A. Intermediate filaments are hollow tubes of protein that provide structural support. B. Plant cells lack a cytoskeleton because they have a rigid cell wall. C. Components of the cytoskeleton often mediate the movement of organelles within the cytoplasm. D. Microtubules are chains of proteins that resist stretching. E. Microfilaments are more permanent structures in cells compared to intermediate filaments and microtubules.

C. Components of the cytoskeleton often mediate the movement of organelles within the cytoplasm.

Microtubules and microfilaments commonly work with which of the following to perform many of their functions? A. Ribosomes B. lysosomes C. Golgi apparatus D. RNA E, None of the listed responses is correct.

C. Golgi apparatus

Which of the following sequences represents the order in which a protein made in the rough endoplasmic reticulum might move through the endomembrane system? A. Golgi apparatus → mitochondria B Plasma membrane → nuclear envelope C. Golgi apparatus → lysosome D. Nuclear envelope → lysosome E. Lysosome → plasma membrane

C. Golgi apparatus → lysosome

Which of the following groups is primarily involved in synthesizing molecules needed by the cell? A. Rough endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, vacuole B. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum, ribosome, vacuole C. Ribosome, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum D. Vacuole, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum E. Lysosome, vacuole, ribosome

C. Ribosome, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Which of the following features do prokaryotes and eukaryotes have in common? A. Ribosomes, nucleus, and plasma membrane B. Nucleus, plasma membrane, and ribosomes C. Ribosomes, plasma membrane, and cytoplasm D. Mitochondria, cytoplasm, and plasma membrane E. Mitochondria, ribosomes, and cytoplasm

C. Ribosomes, plasma membrane, and cytoplasm

Your intestine is lined with individual cells. No fluids leak between these cells from the gut into your body. Why? A. The intestinal cells are bound together by the extracellular matrix. B. The intestinal cells are bound together by gap junctions. C. The intestinal cells are bound together by tight junctions. D. The intestinal cells are bound together by plasmodesmata. E. The intestinal cells are fused together into one giant cell.

C. The intestinal cells are bound together by tight junctions.

A dish of animal cells was grown in the presence of radioactive phosphorous. The phosphorous largely ended up in nucleotides inside the actively growing animal cells. In which cellular structure or structures would you predict the majority of the radioactive phosphorous to accumulate? A. Rough endoplasmic reticulum B. The Golgi apparatus C. The nucleus D. Rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus E. The Golgi apparatus and the nucleus

C. The nucleus

Chloroplasts and mitochondria are thought to be of prokaryotic origin. One piece of evidence that supports this hypothesis is that these organelles contain prokaryotic-like ribosomes. These ribosomes are probably most similar to ribosomes found __________. A. on the rough ER B. free in the cytoplasm of eukaryotes C. in bacterial cells D. free in the cytoplasm of eukaryotes and on the rough ER E. free in the cytoplasm of eukaryotes, on the rough ER, and in bacterial cells

C. in bacterial cells

Which of the following is/are likely to limit the maximum size of a cell? A. The time it takes a molecule to diffuse across a cell B. The cell's surface-to-volume ratio C. The shape of the cell D. All of the choices are correct. E. None of the choices is correct.

D. All of the choices are correct.

Which of the following structures is found in animal cells but not in plant cells? A. Golgi apparatus B. Mitochondria C. Plasma membrane D. Centrioles E. Rough endoplasmic reticulum

D. Centrioles

Which of the following is false in respect to eukaryotic chromosomes? A. All eukaryotic cells possess one or more chromosomes. B. Chromosomes are present throughout a cell's reproductive cycle. C. Chromosomes are present even when cells are not actively synthesizing proteins. D. Chromosomes appear in an obvious form only as a cell is about to divide. E. None of the listed responses is false.

D. Chromosomes appear in an obvious form only as a cell is about to divide.

Basal bodies are most closely associated with which of the following cell components? A. Mitochondria B. Nucleus C. Golgi apparatus D. Cilia E. The central vacuole

D. Cilia Microtubule of cilium or flagellum is anchored in the cell by basal body

Which type of cell is most likely to have the largest number of mitochondria? A. Photosynthetic cells in the leaves of a tree B. Inactive yeast cells that are stored for future use C. Nondividing cells in the skin on your finger D. Muscle cells in the legs of a marathon runner E. Bacterial cells that are growing on sugars

D. Muscle cells in the legs of a marathon runner

Bacterial cells are prokaryotic. Unlike a typical eukaryotic cell, they __________ A. lack chromosomes B. lack a plasma membrane C. have no ribosomes D. have no membrane-bounded organelles in their cytoplasm E. have a smaller nucleus

D. have no membrane-bounded organelles in their cytoplasm

A researcher made an interesting observation about a protein made by the rough endoplasmic reticulum and eventually found in a cell's plasma membrane. The protein in the plasma membrane was actually slightly different from the protein made in the ER. The protein was probably altered in the __________. A. rough endoplasmic reticulum B. smooth endoplasmic reticulum C. plasma membrane D. transport vesicles E. Golgi apparatus

E. Golgi apparatus

Which of the following categories best describes the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum? A. Information storage B. Energy processing C. Structural support of cells D. Breakdown of complex foods E. Manufacturing

E. Manufacturing

Which of the following is false? A. Mitochondria have more than one membrane. B. Mitochondria possess their own DNA. C. mitochondria are involved in energy metabolism. D. The folds of the inner mitochondrial membrane are called cristae. E. Mitochondria contain ribosomes in the intermembrane space.

E. Mitochondria contain ribosomes in the intermembrane space.

A particular cell has a nucleus and chloroplasts in addition to the fundamental structures required by all cells. Based on this information, this cell could be __________ A. a cell from the intestinal lining of a cow B. a yeast (fungus) cell C. a cell from a pine tree D. a bacterium E. a photosynthetic protist cell or a plant cell

E. a photosynthetic protist cell or a plant cell

Consider two cells with the same volume but with very different surface areas due to differences in their shapes. The cell with the larger surface area is likely to __________. A. have a very high metabolic rate B. be nearly spherical in shape C. be buried deep in the interior of an organism D. be a prokaryotic cell E. be involved in the rapid uptake of compounds from the cell's environment

E. be involved in the rapid uptake of compounds from the cell's environment

You would expect a cell with an extensive Golgi apparatus to __________ A. store large quantities of ions B. absorb nutrients in the GI tract C. make large amounts of ATP D. move rapidly E. secrete large amounts of protein

E. secrete large amounts of protein