Biology Exam 2

Breaking down 1 molecule of glucose during glycolysis yields

2 molecules of ATP 2 molecules of NADH 2 molecules of Pyruvate

Between catabolism and anabolism the energy is stored in an intermediate form know as ____

ATP

During Chemiosmosis, H+ is funneled from the inner membrane space into the mitochondrial matrix with the help of an enzyme called ___

ATP synthase

During chemiosmosis the enzyme ____ harnesses the fall of _____ that occurs across membrane to put together ADP and Pi to make ATP

ATP synthase, protons

____ has the potential to react with water and release energy as it breaks down into ADP and _____

ATP, Pi

The minimum energy required by a reaction to overcome the energy barrier & proceed is called the ____

Activation energy

The site at which an enzyme binds a substrate (reactant) is called the ____ site

Active

Expand ATP

Adenosine Triphosphate

A molecule made of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic structures is an _____ molecule

Amphiphatic

ATP synthase plays a role during?

Chemiosmosis

FAD & NAD+ are examples of _____

Coenzymes

Anabolic reactions ____ ATP

Consume

Free Ribosomes are found floating around in the ____ of a cell

Cytosol

According to the 2nd law of thermodynamics , with every transfer or transformation of energy, there is an increase in the _________ of the universe

Entropy

The diffusion aided with the help of a transport protein is called _____ diffusion

Facilitated

A plant cell placed in an isotonic solution will lose water (T or F)

False

A polar molecule is one that is hydrophobic in nature (T or F)

False

During feedback inhibition the end product of a metabolic pathway acts as a stimulator for an enzyme in order for it to continue making the end product (T or F)

False

Non competitive inhibitiors act by binding to the active site of the enzyme which then prevents the substrates from binding there (T or F)

False

Spontaneous reactions are known to happen quickly/ instantaneously (T or F)

False

Plasmodesmata is to plant cells as _____ is to animal cells

Gap junction

Between glucose and oxygen in the reaction of cellular respiration ____ is the reducing agent

Glucose

What is the following step in fermentation

Glycolysis

When a cell is placed in hypertonic solution the cell will _____ water

Lose

A sodium potassium pump is called electrogenic pump because it contributes to _____

Membrane potential

The thickest filament of the cytoskeleton is the ______ and plays a role in maintaining cell _____

Microtubule, shape

A reaction that is spontaneous will have _____ ∆G

Negative

In a reaction that is exergonic the ∆G will be a _____ value

Negative

The DNA in a prokaryotic cell is found in a region known as

Nucleoid

The diffusion of water molecules is called

Osmosis

Na+ -K+ pump maintains both electrical and concentration gradient of ions by pumping 3 Na+ ions ______ of cell while bringing 2 K+ ions _____ the cell

Out, inside

When a substance loses electron in a reaction it gets ____

Oxidized

The transport of substance that happens without input of energy is called ____ transport

Passive

NADH and FADH2 are coenzymes in their _____ states

Reduced

In the formation of ionic bond between sodium and chlorine the chlorine ends up getting ____ while sodium gets _____

Reduced, oxidized

To have clarity in a microscopic image such that two points in a sample are easily distinguishable a microscope must have a high .

Resolution

The organelle called ______ is site of protein synthesis

Rough ER

To prevent acid from seeping in the stomach, the stomach cells join one another via ___

Tight junction

A cells cytoplasm is negative when compared with the outside of a cell (T or F)

True

_____ is an organelle in a plant cell that functions as a compartment for waste disposal

Vacuole