Biology exam 4
(T/F) Chytrids produce spores that lack a flagellum.
F
(T/F) The cell walls of fungi are composed of cellulose.
F
(T/F) The lowermost and outermost whorl on a floral shoot consists of petals.
F
(T/F) The primary mycelium of basidiomycetes is dikaryotic.
F
-The only gymnosperms with efficient vessel elements in their xylem; -cone clusters that resemble flower clusters; - life cycles with similarities to those of flowering plants
Gnetophytes
Which vascular tissue in both gymnosperms and flowering plants is for conducting water and dissolved minerals?
Xylem
Yeasts reproduce asexually by:
budding
the center whorl of most flowers
carpels
Flower has all four parts
complete
What makes up most of the mass of an individual mushroom?
underground mycelium
Why are seeds reproductively superior to spores?
Seeds contain a young plant and also are protected by a seed coat.
Earth's dominant plants
angiosperms
flowering plants that produce seeds within a mature ovary (fruit)
angiosperms
presence of a ovary wall
angiosperms
- Closed "female" reproductive organs, bearing ovules that develop into seeds - May be separate (simple) or fused into a single structure (compound)
carpels
Fungi that lack septa are called:
coenocytic
Which plants generally have leaves called needles that are long, narrow, tough, and leathery?
conifers
Tropical and subtropical plants with trunk-like stems and compound leaves resembling those of palms. -Dioecious, -Sperm cells are motile; have hairlike flagella - Specialized insects carry pollen grains to female cones -Very important during the Triassic period
cycadophyta
Cotyledon =
embryonic leaf
In most developing eudicot seeds, the primary source of nutritive material is in the:
endosperm
Chytrids produce which of the following cells at some point during their life cycle, which is an indicator of fungal evolution?
flagellate
protects developing seeds and aids in dispersal
fruit
They are nonmotile and reproduce either sexually or asexually.
fungal spores
-Leaves are deciduous -Dioecious, with separate male and female trees -Leaves are fan-like shaped
ginkgophyta
absence of a ovary wall
gymnosperms
flower lacks one or more parts
incomplete
A plant with floral parts in threes or multiples of three would be classified as a:
monocot
- long, narrow leaves that have parallel veins - single cotyledon - flower parts occur in three - endosperm present in mature seed
monocots
Bright colors attract animal pollinators to the flower make up the corolla
petals
When bread gets moldy with visible black or blue spots, you are looking at masses of the colored:
spores
has a thin filament and saclike anther where meiosis occurs and microspores develop into pollen grains
stamen
the whorl inside the petals
stamen
What is the function of the sepal of a flowering plant?
to protect the flower bud
vessel elements (water transport)
xylem
(T/F) A fruit develops from the ovary wall.
T
(T/F) All fungi are eukaryotes and heterotrophic
T
The most diverse, successful, and familiar group of plants today are the:
angiosperms
Woody trees or shrubs that produce annual additions of secondary tissues. -produce resin -long narrow tough needles -most are evergreen -most are monoecious
coniferophyta
the four phyla of gymnosperms
coniferophyta, cycadophyta, ginkgophyta, gnetophyta
woody plant with broader leaves, with netted veins - Flower parts occur in multiples of fours or fives - Seeds have two cotyledons - Endosperm is usually absent in the mature seed
dicots
flower has stamens or carpels, but not both
imperfect
Which is an example of a monocot? Cactus Onions Oak tree Pine tree Tomato plant
onions
The female gametophyte generation in angiosperms is found in the:
ovule of the ovary
the whorl inside the sepals
petals
sieve tube elements (sugar transport)
phloem
Which process marks the start of the dikaryotic stage (n + n) in the fungal reproductive cycle?
plasmogamy
Cover and protect other flower parts in buds make up the calyx
sepal
make up the lowermost and outermost whorl
sepal
what generation is the dominate stage
sporophyte
The name conifer comes from the reproductive parts of conifers as they have separate male and female reproductive parts in different locations on the same plant. What is the technical name for the structures bearing these reproductive parts?
strobili
Why are bees important to the reproductive success of flowering plants?
they carry pollen to other plants
How is the pollen of pine trees primarily disseminated?
wind
Most fungi are multicellular except
yeast
Which unicellular fungus is probably in most kitchens?
yeasts
(T/f) All seed plants are heterospores
T
flower with both stamens and carpels is
perfect