Biology Final Exam

If a cell has 12 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will each of its daughter cells have after mitosis?

12

A protein in a cell membrane changed its shape to move sodium and potassium ions against their concentration gradients. Which molecule was most likely used by the protein as an energy source?

ATP

A researcher observing an ecosystem describes the amount of sunlight, precipitation, and type of soil present. Which factors is the researcher most likely describing?

Abiotic factors in a prarie

Which best describes a population?

All of the red foxes in a forest

Tyrosine+valine+proline--> tyrosine-valine-proline

Amino acids are joining together to form a macromolecule

Which example describes a mutualistic relationship between organisms?

Ants protect a tree on which they feed

Which characteristic allows carbon atoms to form chains and rings with other carbon atoms?

Carbon can form four covalent bonds

Life functions are performed at many levels of biological organization. Which level of biological organization is the simplest level at which a structure can support life's functions?

Cell

Which process uses the products of photosynthesis are reactants?

Cellular respiration

Which characteristic of life does the diagram best show?

Changes occur in an organism as it grows and develops

this equation represents a summary of biological process. this process is completed in_______. carbon dioxide+water----> glucose+water+oxygen

Chloroplasts

Which structure and function are common to all plants and some protists and distinguish them from all animals?

Chloroplasts that conduct photosynthesis

Scientists observed that the population of top-level consumers in a particular ecosystem were rapidly decreasing. Further studies revealed that there was also a decline in producer productivity. Which other changes did the scientists most likely observe in the producer ecosystem?

Decreased population size at all levels

The diagram shows a reaction that forms a polymer from two monomers. What is this type of reaction called?

Dehydration Synthesis

Which example is an activity that a fish most likely uses to maintain homeostasis within its body?

Exchanging gases through its gills to regulate oxygen levels.

Which transport mechanisms require the formation of a vesicle to transport material into or out of a cell?

Exocytosis and endocytosis

Which sequence correctly describes the flow of energy between the organism in a marine food web?

From small fish to penguins to seals

Which sequence best describes the relationship between the following terms?

Gene--> nucleus--->chromosome

This indicated protein is part of a cell membrane. What is most likely the purpose of this protein?

It allows passage of particles into and out of the cell

Substance A is converted to substance B in a metabolic reaction. Which statement best describes the role of an enzyme during this reaction?

It speeds up the reaction without being consumed

A mutation occurred that caused a change in an mRNA sequence. The mRNA codon UAC was replaced by the codon UAA. Which statement describes the most likely outcome of the mutation?

It will result in an incomplete protein that does not function properly

Using a microscope, a student observes a small, green organelle in a plant cell. Which energy transformation most likely occurs first within the observes organelle?

Light to Chemical

A rare disorder is caused by changes in a gene. Parent individuals with the disorder have only normal copies of this gene. Which of these most likely caused this disorder?

Mutation

Which statement best describes how active transport differs from passive transport?

Only active transport requires ATP

The relative concentration of solute inside and outside a cell can cause water molecules to move across the membrane. Which phrase would be an alternate title to the diagram?

Osmosis across a membrane

Which nuclear process is represented below? A DNA molecule untwists---> the two strands of DNA separate--->molecular bases pair up---> two identical DNA molecules are produced

Replication

Which statement is correct concerning the chances of survival for these species if there is a change in the environment?

Species A because is has the most genetic diversity.

The genetic material of two different individuals of the same species is analyzed. One individual has brown eyes. The other has blue eyes. Which characteristic for eye color would be the same?

The location of the gene

What must be transmitted to new DNA strands during replication to maintain genetic information?

The sequence of bases from existing DNA strands.

Which action is prevented by plasma membrane?

Unlimited flow of water into or out of the cell

All living organisms must maintain homeostasis in order to survive. Which statement best describes one way human maintain homeostasis?

Water content is regulated by sweating

Cellulose is a carbohydrate and a polymer of glucose. Which statement best describes how cellulose is formed within living organisms?

it is constructed by connecting smaller monomer subunits

The diagram represents four species of wild birds. Each species has feet with different structural adaptations. The development of these adaptations can best be explained by the concept of

natural selection

This graph illustrates a change in a lizard population over time. Which process most likely led to the change in the lizard population?

natural selection acting on a beneficial trait

The illustration below represents two single-celled organisms. These carry out the activities needed to maintain homeostasis by using specialized internal...

organelles