BIOLOGY LAB

During which phases of mitosis are sister chromatids that have been separated present? metaphase, anaphase and telophase prophase, prometaphase and metaphase anaphase and telophase prophase, prometaphase and telophase

anaphase and telophase

During protein synthesis, ribosomes: translate mRNA into tRNA attach to the DNA molecule and travel along its length to produce an mRNA molecule attach to the mRNA molecule and travel along its length to produce a polypeptide transcribe DNA into mRNA translate tRNA into protein

attach to the mRNA molecule and travel along its length to produce a polypeptide

The cell cycle of a typical somatic cell consists of the ____ and M phases. interphase mitosis crossing-over meiosis I meiosis II

interphase

In the corn study, what is your null hypothesis in the chi-square analysis? None of them is the assumption that there is no significant difference between the observed and the expected value. All of them is the assumption that the gene for Kernel color follows Mendelian inheritance and F1xF1 cross will yield a 3:1 ratio is the assumption that there is a significant difference between between the observed and the expected value.

is the assumption that there is no significant difference between the observed and the expected value.

In the corn study, what is your null hypothesis in the chi-square analysis? The gene for Kernel color follows Mendelian inheritance and F1xF1 cross will yield a 3:1 ratio All of them is the assumption that there is a significant difference between between the observed and the expected value. is the assumption that there is no significant difference between the observed and the expected value. None of them

is the assumption that there is no significant difference between the observed and the expected value.

If an allele is dominant, then its phenotype is more beneficial than the recessive phenotype. its phenotype is only expressed in heterozygous individuals. its phenotype is expressed only in homozygous individuals. its phenotype is always expressed in all generations. its phenotype masks the expression of the recessive allele in a hybrid

its phenotype masks the expression of the recessive allele in a hybrid

A parent has a genotype of RrYy. What is the probability of having a gamete with the RY genotype? ¾ ½ ¼ 0 ⅛

¼

_____ reproduction generates more _____ than does ______ reproduction. Asexual; genetic diversity; sexual Sexual; identical offspring; asexual Sexual: diploid cells; asexual Asexual; haploid cells; sexual Sexual; genetic diversity; asexual

Sexual; genetic diversity; asexual

In DNA molecules, A and T are 40%. Each nucleotide should be ________. A---30%, T----30%, C ----20%, G---20% A---30%, T----20%, C ----30%, G---20% A---20%, T----20%, C ----30%, G---30% A---60%, T----60%, C ----40%, G---40% A---30%, T----30%, C ----40%, G---40%

A---20%, T----20%, C ----30%, G---30%

The woman with blood type Ai has a second husband, blood type O. These children might have blood types: AA or AB Ai or B Ai or AB Ai or O

Ai or O

A woman is a carrier for hemophilia; her husband does not have hemophilia (h). Which of the following statements is NOT true? His Genotype: XY 50% of daughters who are hemophiliac 50% of sons who are hemophiliac Her genotype: Xh X

50% of daughters who are hemophiliac

If a couple decides to have four children, what is the probability that all four will be male? 1/4 1/2 1/16 1/8 1/3

1/16

What is the probability that you will flip a coin three times and get "heads" each time? 1/4 1/3 1/8 3/2 1/2

1/8

Colorblindness is an X-linked trait in humans. If a colorblind woman and a man with normal vision have a son, what is the probability that he will be colorblind? 0% 25% 50% 100% 75%

100%

An animal with a diploid number of 36 chromosomes will have ____ chromosomes in its gametes and ____ chromosomes in its somatic cells. 36; 18 18; 36 36; 72 18; 18

18; 36

An animal with a diploid number of 48 chromosomes will have ____ chromosomes in its gametes and ____ chromosomes in its somatic cells. 24; 48 48; 24 48; 96 24; 24

24; 48

If you have a template DNA with sequence of 5'-A-T-G-C-T-T-A-A-C-C-G-G-3' what would be the sequence of mRNA, a complementary strand? 3'-U-A-C-G-A-A-U-U-G-G-C-C-5' 5'-A-U-G-C-U-U-A-A-C-C-G-G-3' 3'-T-A-C-G-A-A-T-T-G-G-C-C-5' 5'-U-A-C-G-A-A-U-U-G-G-C-C-3' 5'-T-A-C-G-A-A-T-T-G-G-C-C-3'

3'-U-A-C-G-A-A-U-U-G-G-C-C-5'

One of the mRNA codons specifying the amino acid leucine is 5′-CUA-3′. Its corresponding anticodon is: 3′-AUC-5′ 5′-GAU-3′ 3′-GAT-5′ 5′-GAT-3′ 3′-GAU-5′

3′-GAU-5′

A diploid cell with 40 chromosomes will have ______ chromosomes and ________ chromatids after S phase. 80, 80 40, 80 20, 20 20, 40 40,40

40, 80

A woman with blood type O and a man with blood type AB have a child. In terms of percentage, what is the probability that their child will have type B blood? 0% 75% 25% 50% 100%

50%

Which of the following statements about mitosis is NOT correct? mitosis is a form of asexual reproduction in which two cells are produced that are identical to each other and to the 'parent' cell from which they were formed. mitosis follows duplication of DNA in which sister chromatid chromosomes are formed and restores the normal complement (amount) of DNA in each one of the daughter cells that is formed after cytokinesis All of these statements are correct. Mitosis and cytokinesis together produce two diploid daughter cells form a diploid parent cell or two haploid daughter cells from a haploid parent cell.

All of these statements are correct.

Within which phase of mitosis does the centromere split and single chromatid chromosomes migrate to opposite poles? Prophase Anaphase Metaphase Telophase

Anaphase

Homologues chromosomes are separate during which of the following phases of meiosis? Metaphase I Anaphase I and II Anaphase I Prophase I Anaphase II

Anaphase I

Sister chromatids are separate during which of the following phases of meiosis? Metaphase I Telophase II Anaphase I Prophase I Anaphase II

Anaphase II

The chromosomes within the homologous pairs migrate to opposite poles during which phase of Meiosis? Anaphase I Anaphase II Metaphase II Metaphase I

Anaphase II

Which type(s) of cell division produces daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell? Mitosis Meiosis and Mitosis All of them Binary fission and Mitosis Binary fission

Binary fission and Mitosis

Which of the following events is NOT occurring in the telophase? Spindle microtubules disappear and nucleoli reorganize Chromosomes arrive at the poles and return to interphase-like conditions Chromosomes became duplicated A new nuclear envelope forms around each set of chromosomes

Chromosomes became duplicated

Which of the following causes the unwinding of the DNA double helix? DNA helicase DNA polymerase RNA helicase DNA ligases RNA primer

DNA helicase

In meiosis, a diploid cell undergoes genetic rearrangement and two successive nuclear divisions, resulting in formation of four genetically ................ haploid daughter cells. Defective Are the same Different Identical

Different

In a monohybrid cross, one living organism that contains two dominant alleles is crossed with another one that contains also two dominant alleles. The offspring should contain _____ alleles. Heterozygous None of the answers is correct Homozygous Genotype Recessive

Homozygous

Which of the following is NOT true with regard to a homologous pair of chromosomes? The chromosomes must be the same length. It consist of two alleles, one being maternal and the other being paternal. The centromeres on both chromosomes must be in the same location/position. It consists of only two chromosomes, one being maternal and the other being paternal. Question 4

It consist of two alleles, one being maternal and the other being paternal.

Which statement about the elongation of the lagging strand during DNA replication is correct? It is synthesized by DNA ligase. It is synthesized in a 3' --> 5' direction. It progresses (grows) toward the replication fork. None of the them It is synthesized continuously.

It is synthesized in a 3' --> 5' direction.

Daughter cells that become gametes are produced in which type of cell division? Meiosis Mitosis Binary fission None of the above

Meiosis

During which of the following phases spindle fibers attach to the kinetochores of the chromosomes and the chromosomes line up along the cell's midplane? Anaphase Metaphase Telophase Telophase

Metaphase

Which form of cell division is specific to gamete formation within female organisms? Spermatogenesis Meiosis Gametogenesis Oogenesis

Oogenesis

The outward expression of a genotype or the chemical manifestation of the trait or appearance known as.............. True- breeding Phenotype Hybrid Genotype

Phenotype

Within which phase of mitosis does DNA appear to be diffuse or stringy in appearance? Prophase Metaphase Telophase Anaphase

Prophase

Which of the following has the stages of mitosis and their functions in the proper order? Metaphase (chromosomes condense) > Prophase (chromosomes align in the middle of the cell) > Anaphase (homologous chromosomes are pulled apart) > Telophase (nuclear membrane starts to disappear) Prophase (chromosomes align in the middle of the cell) > Metaphase (chromosomes condense) > Anaphase (homologous chromosomes are pulled apart) > Telophase (nuclear membrane starts to disappear) Metaphase (chromosomes align in the middle of the cell) > Prophase (nuclear membrane starts to break down) > Anaphase (sister chromatids are pulled apart) > Telophase (chromosomes decondense) Prophase (nuclear membrane starts to break down) > Metaphase (chromosomes align in the middle of the cell) > Anaphase (sister chromatids are pulled apart) > Telophase (chromosomes decondense)

Prophase (nuclear membrane starts to break down) > Metaphase (chromosomes align in the middle of the cell) > Anaphase (sister chromatids are pulled apart) > Telophase (chromosomes decondense)

Crossing over takes place in Prophase II Prophase I Interphase I Metaphase II Metaphase I

Prophase I

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur? G1 (Gap 1) phase Prophase I S (Synthesis) phase G2 (Gap 2) phase Interkinesis

S (Synthesis) phase

The ability of an individual heterozygous for two different genes to produce its four gametes types in equal numbers reflects Mendel's Law(s) of Punnett Squares Segregation Segregation and Independent Assortment Chromosome Theory Independent Assortment

Segregation and Independent Assortment

Which of the following best describes the daughter cells that are produced at the end of Meiosis I? The cells are haploid but the chromosomes still consist of two chromatids. The cells are diploid and the chromosomes still consist of two chromatids. The cells are haploid and the chromosomes consist of one chromatid. The cells are diploid and the chromosomes consist of one chromatid.

The cells are diploid and the chromosomes still consist of two chromatids.

Which of the following best describes the daughter cells that are produced at the end of Meiosis II? The cells are diploid and the chromosomes consist of one chromatid. The cells are haploid and the chromosomes consist of one chromatid. The cells are haploid but the chromosomes still consist of two chromatids. The cells are diploid and the chromosomes still consist of two chromatids.

The cells are haploid and the chromosomes consist of one chromatid.

After you calculate the Chi-square value you need to find the range where your p-value falls in the chi-square table. Which kind of indicator do you use to find the range where your p-value falls? Research hypothesis The total number you observed Null hypothesis The degrees of freedom

The degrees of freedom

After you calculate the Chi-square value you need to find the range where your p-value falls in the chi-square table. Which kind of indicator do you use to find the range where your p-value falls? The total number you observed The degrees of freedom Null hypothesis Research hypothesis

The degrees of freedom

In the lab, after you counted the kernels of whole corn why did you perform a Chi-square test? To calculate the total number of expected To understand why the expected results higher than observed results To determine whether the expected results and observed results 'fit" well enough to each other. To calculate the total number of observed

To determine whether the expected results and observed results 'fit" well enough to each other.

In the lab, after you counted the kernels of whole corn why did you perform a Chi-square test? To calculate the total number of observed To calculate the total number of expected To understand why the expected results higher than observed results To determine whether the expected results and observed results 'fit" well enough to each other.

To determine whether the expected results and observed results 'fit" well enough to each other.

After DNA replication is complete, each chromosome consists of? One chromatid Four chromatids None of them Two chromatids

Two chromatids

If a cell contains sixteen double chromatid chromosomes during prophase of mitosis, what should be the chromosome composition of this cell at Telophase? Two nuclei each having, sixteen single chromatid chromosomes. Two nuclei each having, eight double chromatid chromosomes. Two nuclei each having, sixteen double chromatid chromosomes. Two nuclei each having, eight single chromatid chromosomes.

Two nuclei each having, eight double chromatid chromosomes

If a cell contains twenty double chromatid chromosomes during prophase of mitosis, what should be the chromosome composition of this cell at Telophase? Two nuclei each having, ten single chromatid chromosomes. Two nuclei each having, ten double chromatid chromosomes. Two nuclei each having, five single chromatid chromosomes. Two nuclei each having, ten double chromatid chromosomes.

Two nuclei each having, ten double chromatid chromosomes.

When a sperm and egg fuse at fertilization, each haploid gamete (n) contributes one set of chromosomes we called Zygote Haploid Centriole Chromosome

Zygote

A woman with blood type A (unknown genotype) and a man with blood type B (also unknown genotype) have a child. Which of the following blood type(s) might the child be? O all of the above A two of the above AB

all of the above

____________ are alternative forms of a gene that govern the same feature, such as hair color, and occupy corresponding positions on homologous chromosomes homozygotes alleles coupled traits none of these loci

alleles

______________ ensure all events of a particular stage of the cell cycle have been completed before the next stage begins. phase decoupling enzymes gap inhibitors cell cycle progression points cell cycle checkpoints mitosis inhibitors

cell cycle checkpoints

Recombination occurs during prophase I and II and involves swapping of chromosome fragments between sister chromatids only during prophase I and involves swapping of chromosome fragments between homologous chromatids during prophase I, prophase II, and prometaphase; it involves exchange of alleles between homologous chromosomes during prophase I and II and involves swapping of chromosome fragments between all 4 chromatids only during prophase I and involves swapping of chromosome fragments between sister chromatids

only during prophase I and involves swapping of chromosome fragments between homologous chromatids

On the corn plant, some of the pollens released from the male flowers falls onto silks of immature ears of corn below the tassels, result in ......................... pollination production expression maturation

pollination

tRNA molecules are able to act as adapters between amino acids and mRNA during translation because: tRNA anticodons bind to amino acids. tRNA is recognized by RNA polymerase. tRNA can bind to both mRNA and an amino acid. tRNA binds to ribosomes. tRNA molecules bind to promoter sequences to initiate transcription.

tRNA can bind to both mRNA and an amino acid.

A cluster of male flowers are located at the top of corn known as ......... silks stigma pistil tassels anters

tassels

During normal meiotic cell division, a parent cell having ten chromosomes will produce two daughter cells, at the end of meiosis-I. Each daughter cell contains ......... none of the them twenty chromosomes ten chromosomes sixteen chromosomes five chromosomes

ten chromosomes

During prophase I of meiosis, homologous chromosomes lie side by side. This phenomenon is known as ...................... DNA replication. paternal pairing. parental pairing. chromatid pairing. tetrad formation.

tetrad formation.

Which of the following is NOT a primary difference between mitosis and meiosis in animal cells? the number of daughter cells that result (2 or 4) the number of times chromosomes align at the metaphase plate the generation of haploid cells from diploid cells the number of times the DNA is replicated the purpose of generating reproductive cells as opposed to generating somatic cells

the number of times the DNA is replicated