Biology Notes
Which of these is found in eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells?
nucleus
A student makes the following statement: "All living things are made up of many cells." How should this statement be revised so that it is accurate?
"all living things are made up of one or more cells"
What is one difference between plant cells and animal cells?
animal cells have smaller vacuoles than plant cells do
In which of the following cells would a scientist NOT be able to observe mitochondria?
backterial cells
A scientist observes a cell under a microscope. She sees mitochondria, vacuoles, and chloroplasts. From which of the following organisms could the cell have been taken?
A fern
Which of these statements best supports the idea that a cell is the basic unit of a living organism?
All organisms are made up of one or more cells
A sealed bottle of clear fruit juice is stored for one month. After one month, the juice is cloudy and solid material has appeared in the bottom of the bottle. Testing reveals that the solid material is bacteria. Which of the following had to have been in the sealed bottle when it was stored in order to give rise to so many bacteria?
At least one bacterium
A student claims that a cytoskeleton is a structure unique to animal cells whose sole responsibility is giving the cell its shape. Why is this statement incorrect?
Cytoskeletons are found in all cells, cytoskeletons are also involved in cell division
A student examines a cell using a microscope. He sees a nucleus, a cell wall, and chloroplasts. What is one conclusion he can draw about the cell?
It could be a plant cell
What is one piece of evidence to support the idea that animal cells have shape and structure even though they do not have cell walls?
animal cells have cytoskeletons
Which of the following is true of both plants and prokaryotes?
Ribosomes are found in cytoplasm
The primary component of the cytoplasm and the surrounding environment is usually water. Which of the following is true of a phospholipid bilayer?
The heads of the phospholipid face the cytoplasm and surrounding environment
A student claims that the only difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells is that eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, but prokaryotic cells do not. What is wrong with this claim?
There is another difference between the cell types. Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, but prokaryotic cells do not
When a phospholipid bilayer forms in water, what can you conclude about the arrangement of the phospholipids?
all the tails are pointed inward to the center of he bilayer
A student explains that plant cells have cell walls but not cell membranes, while animal cells have cell membranes but not cell walls. What is wrong with this statement?
both plant and animal cells have cell membranes
Which of the following functions is the cytoskeleton not directly involved in?
cellular respiration
Which of these statements correctly describes a difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
eukaryotic have a nucleus and prokaryotic cells do not
How does exposure to water affect the arrangement of the phospholipids?
it causes a bilayer to form with the tails pointing toward the center of the membrane
What is one function of the cell membrane?
it regulates which materials enter and leave the cell
A student observes a cell using an electron microscope. She sees a nucleus, a cell wall, DNA, and cytoplasm. She classifies the cell as prokaryotic. What is one problem with this classification?
prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus
What is the relationship between endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus?
proteins from the ER are modified and packaged by the Golgi apparatus
What is one difference between the head and tails of a phospholipid in the cell membrane?
the head is attracted to water and the tails are repelled by water
How are the subcellular structures in prokaryotic cells different from the organelles that carry out similar functions in eukaryotic cells?
the structures in prokaryotic cells are not enclosed in membranes
Which of these best explains why mitochondria are called the "powerhouses" of the cell?
they generate chemical energy in the form of ATP
What is the role of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?
to generate chemical energy that powers the cell
