Biology Photosynthesis

The H+ ions diffuse through an ATP Synthase molecule in the membrane in a process called ____________________, which will generate the production of ATP from ADP.

Chemiosmosis

The light reactions harvest light energy to produce _________ and _________.

1. ATP 2. NADPH

The Calvin cycle does not require light, but it does require the products of the light reactions, _________ and _________, as well as ______________ ______________ from the air.

1. ATP 2. NADPH 3. Carbon Dioxide

Plants use some of the glucose they make for __________________ _________________ and the excess is stored or converted into other organic compounds.

1. Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis takes place in specialized plant organelles called ____________________.

1. Chloroplasts

One molecule of __________ is released and ATP is used to ________________ the starting compound, RuBP, from the 5 remaining molecules of G3P. Two G3P molecules combine to make one molecule of ____________________.

1. G3P 2. Regenerate 3. Glucose

The primary function of the Calvin cycle is to produce _______________. This stage of photosynthesis occurs in the _______________ of the chloroplasts.

1. Sugar 2. Stroma

Photosynthesis is the process that uses light energy from the sun to convert ____________________ and _______________ _______________ into chemical energy in the form of organic molecules such as _________________.

1. Water 2. Carbon Dioxide 3. Glucose

A _________________ molecule is split to replace the electron lost by chlorophyll and _________________ is released as a waste product.

1. water 2. oxygen

The summary equation for photosynthesis is

6 CO2 + 6 H2O + sunlight → C6H12O6 + 6 O2.

_______________ enters the cycle in the form of carbon dioxide, which is added to an existing 5-carbon compound (RuBP) to form 6 3-carbon molecules called 3-PGA.

Carbon

____________________, the green pigment in plants, and other molecules are arranged in clusters called photosystems.

Chlorophyll

The energy from the excited electron jumps from one molecule to the next until it reaches the reaction center of the photosystem where it causes an excited electron from a chlorophyll molecule to be passed to an __________________ __________________ __________________.

Electron Transport Chain

ATP and NADPH from the light reactions are used to convert 3-PGA to __________, the sugar that is produced by photosynthesis and later converted to glucose and other organic compounds.

G3P

As the electron "falls" from PSII to PSI, the released energy pumps ________________ across the thylakoid membrane to establish a concentration gradient.

H + Ions

Summarize the inputs and outputs of the Calvin cycle.

Input: CO2, ATP, and NADPH Output: G3P

Photosystem I works in a similar way to PSII, except excited electrons and H+ ions will be used to produce _______________, a high-energy electron carrier molecule.

NADPH

List the products of the light reactions:

O2 and the energy-storing compounds ATP and NADPH

A photon of light strikes a chlorophyll molecule in ____________________, which excites one of the pigment's electrons.

Photosystem II

Light reactions occur in the _________________ _________________ of the chloroplast.

Thylakoid Membranes