Biology, RNA & PROTEIN SYNTHESIS QUIZ

How many nucleotides are needed to specify 3 amino acids?

9

A promoter is a

Binding site for RNA polymerase

Which of the following are found in both DNA and RNA? a) Ribose, phosphate groups and adenine b) deoxyribose, phosphate groups and guanine c) phosphate groups, guanine and cytosine d) phosphate groups, guanine and thymine

C

In eukaryotes, translation occurs in the ___________ of the cell.

Cytoplasm

From which molecules are mRNA molecules transcribed?

DNA

What is the correct sequence of the transfer of information in most organisms?

DNA to RNA to protein

__________ are pieces of the mRNA that are kept in the message.

Exons

The portion of mRNA that are cut out are called

Introns

Describe the three functions of the three main types of RNA.

Messenger RNA carries copies of information from the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm. Transfer RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome and then matches them to the coded mRNA message. Ribosomal RNA forms an important part of both subunits of ribosomes, holds ribosomal proteins in place. rRNA also helps locate the beginning of the mRNA message.

Mutations that occur from chemical or physical agents in the environment are called

Mutagens

In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the __________ of the cell.

Nucleus

A protein is being assembled when

RNA is being translated

What just happen to a DNA molecule before nucleotides can begin to be assembled into a new RNA strand?

The DNA molecule has to unzip/break apart

A mutation that involves one or a few nucleotides is called

a point mutation

What happens during translation? a) mRNA is made from a DNA code b) the cell uses a mRNA code to make proteins c) tRNA is made from a mRNA code d) copies of DNA molecules are made

b

Most mutations a) are fatal to an organism b) are helpful to an organism c) have no effect on an organism d) are harmful to an organism

c

During eukaryotic transcription, an RNA molecule is formed that is

complementary to one part of one strand of DNA

Which type of RNA brings the information in the genetic code from the nucleus to other parts of the cell?

mRNA

Which molecules are involved in protein synthesis?

mRNA, tRNA, rRNA