Biology Section 3-2 Review: Molecules of Life

How many different kinds of monomers are there in starch? How many different kinds of monomers are there in proteins?

Thousands of glucose 20

Most enzymes

d. are sensitive to changes in temperature of pH.

Amino acid, Protein

Amino acid-Organic molecule that contains a carboxyl and an amino group and makes up proteins. Protein-Organic compound that is made of one or more chains of amino acids.

Insects that live on land have a coating of wax on the outer surface of their body. What function might the wax serve for these animals?

It's water proof, and form protective layers.

Steroids are made up of what type of molecule? Give two examples of steroids.

Lipids Cholesterol and hormone testosterone

Monosaccharide, Polysaccharide

Monosaccharide-Simple sugar that is the basic subunit, or monomer, of a carbohydrate. Polysaccharide-One of the carbohydrates made up of long chains of simple sugars.

Nucleotide, Nucleic acid

Nucleotide-Subunit that consists of a sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base. Nucleic acid-Either RNA or DNA, whose molecules are made up of one or two chains of nucleotides and carry genetic information.

What compound composes most of the cell membrane?

Steroids

The different shapes and functions of different proteins are determined by

a. the R groups of the amino acids they contain.

The large numbers of carbon-hydrogen bonds in lipids

b. store more energy than the carbon-oxygen bonds in other organic compounds.

Glycogen, starch, and cellulose are

c. polysaccharides.

The most important function of nucleic acids is

d. storing information related to heredity and protein synthesis.