Biology- Test 1

You look into a powerful microscope and see a single-celled organism that is very small, has a cell wall, and no nucleus. You conclude that this organism belongs to the domain, -Eukarya. -Eukarya or Archaea. -Archaea. -Bacteria. -Arachea or Bacteria.

Arachea or Bacteria.

In the scientific name, Pan paniscus, Pan represents the name of the ____ while paniscus represents the name of the ____. -family; species. -family; genus. -genus; species. -species; genus. -genus; family.

genus; species.

In science, all results... -are accepted as fact. -are only hypotheses. -have a probability of being incorrect. -must be consistent with previous knowledge. -are uncritically accepted by other scientists.

have a probability of being incorrect.

A solute passively diffuses through a transport protein out of the cell. What is the tonicity of the fluid inside the cell? -hypertonic -hypotonic -isotonic -none of these -more than one of these

hypertonic

What role do prokaryotic pili play? -they help organize the cytoplasm -they help stabilize DNA molecules -they help prokaryotes cling to surfaces -they help prokaryotes move across surfaces -more than one of these is correct

more than one of these is correct

One of the following is not a part of its paired term. Choose the exception. -atom; organism -community; ecosystem -population; cell -molecule; biosphere -species; community

population; cell

A transport protein is analogous to a -wall partition. -subway train. -light switch. -voice identification device. -television receiver.

subway train

Who developed the two-part naming system scientists use today to classify newly found organisms? -Charles Darwin -Carolus Linnaeus -Aristotle -Alexander von Humboldt -Ernst Mayer

Carolus Linnaeus

Eukaryotic cells have their DNA enclosed in the -plasma membrane. -nucleus. -nucleoid. -nucleolus. -nucleotide.

nucleus

What is the right sequence of events applied in the scientific method? -question; hypothesis; observation; data; test; conclusion -observation; hypothesis; question; data; test; conclusion -observation; hypothesis; question; test; data; conclusion -observation; question; hypothesis; test; data; conclusion -question; hypothesis; data; observation; test; conclusion

observation; question; hypothesis; test; data; conclusion

In the peacock butterfly experiment, what was the conclusion? -predatory birds are not deterred from eating peacock butterflies with spots -predatory birds are deterred by peacock butterfly clicking sounds -peacock butterflies with spots mated more often than those without spots -predatory birds are deterred by the dark color of the peacock butterfly -peacock butterflies that made clicking sounds attracted more predatory birds

predatory birds are deterred by peacock butterfly clicking sounds

A population is composed of individuals of -the same species. -interacting species of different kinds. -interacting species and nonliving things. -a single species interacting with nonliving things. -all species found in a given area.

the same species

Tonicity refers to -the total concentration of solutes in fluids separated by a selectively permeable membrane. -the pressure exerted by the fluids surrounding a cell. -the amount of negative versus positive charges of the molecules and ions in a solution. -how able a cell is to resist changes in solute concentrations without bursting or shrinking. -the ease with which solutes can cross a particular cell membrane.

the total concentration of solutes in fluids separated by a selectively permeable membrane.

The dynamics of an ecosystem depends on two main processes: -the cycling of energy and the unidirectional flow of nutrients. -the unidirectional flow of energy and the cycling of nutrients. -the multidirectional flow of both energy and nutrients. -the unidirectional flow of both energy and nutrients. -the cycling of both energy and nutrients.

the unidirectional flow of energy and the cycling of nutrients.

A concentration gradient ceases to exist when -all molecules have moved from low concentration to high concentration. -the membrane pores close. -the temperature drops. -there is equilibrium between the two sides of a membrane. -bulk flow intervenes.

there is equilibrium between the two sides of a membrane.

All of the following statements concerning Archaea are correct with one exception. Select the exception. -all are single-celled -all have DNA -none have a nucleus -they are most closely related to bacteria -some are producers

they are most closely related to bacteria

Water stops diffusing into a plant cell from the soil when -turgor pressure inside the plant cell decreases. -turgor pressure between the plant cell and soil is equal. -turgor pressure inside a plant cell is at a maximum. -there is no turgor pressure inside the cell or within the soil. -more than one of these situations exist.

turgor pressure between the plant cell and soil is equal.

Diffusion from a hypertonic solution to a hypotonic solution -will occur until both solutions are isotonic. -will occur until both sides are hypotonic. -will occur until both sides are hypertonic. -will occur until the tonicities are reversed. -won't occur.

won't occur

An organelle that finishes a protein and packages it for export is a -lysosome -Golgi body -peroxisome -smooth ER -rough ER

Golgi Body

Which of the following are found in BOTH plant and animal cells? -nucleus, Golgi body, and chloroplasts -Golgi bodies, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticula -centrioles, cell wall, and nucleolus -vacuoles, nucleolus, and lysosomes -starch grains, chloroplasts, and lysosomes

Golgi bodies, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticula

Which of the following characteristics are shared by all living organisms? I. organization into cells II. adaptation to environmental change III. requirement for nutrients IV. DNA housed in a nucleus -I and II -I and III -II and III -I, II, and III -I, II, III, and IV

I, II, and III

The rate of diffusion across a selectively permeable membrane will be slow when which of the following is (are) true? I. concentration gradients are steep II. temperatures are low III. solutes are small molecules -I only -II only -I and III -II and III -I, II, and III

II only

Which of the following organization levels is the least inclusive? -population -community -cell -atom -molecule

atom

African elephants, lions, and zebras are all different species that can be viewed in zoos in separate enclosures. When they live together in an African savanna, they form a dynamic, interacting community. This dynamic living together of species is an example of a(n) _____ property. -emerged -expansive -elaborate -thermodynamic -eclectic

emerged

Transporting a solute against its concentration gradient requires -energy. -a gated channel. -exocytosis. -hypotonic and hypertonic differences across the cell membrane. -more than one of these.

energy

All of the following statements are true about eukaryotes with one exception. Select the exception. -eukaryotes have a nucleus. -eukaryotes are similar to prokaryotes at a molecular level. -eukaryotes are sometimes unicellular organisms. -eukaryotes are similar to prokaryotes at a structural level. -eukaryotes include plants, fungi, and protists.

eukaryotes are similar to prokaryotes at a structural level.

Scientists perform ____ in order to ____ a given ____. -experiments; test; hypothesis. -tests; experiment; law. -tests; experiment; variable. -facts; test; variable. -hypotheses; try; experiment.

experiments; test; hypothesis.

All of the following are used to construct a theory with one exception. Select the exception. -repetitions of experiments. -increased observations. -time. -faith. -confirmation by many scientists.

faith

With one exception, members of the same species always share the following things. Select the exception. -morphology -biochemistry -behavioral traits -geography t-he same genus

geography

A hypothetical "microbullet" shot through a phospholipids bilayer will pass the component in which order? -tail >>> tail >>> head >>> head -head >>> tail >>> tail >>> head -head >>> tail >>> head >>> tail -head >>> head >>> tail >>> tail -tail >>> head >>> tail >>> head

head >>> tail >>> tail >>> head

A red blood cell may burst when placed in which of the following kinds of solutions? -hypertonic -hypotonic -isotonic -any of these -none of these

hypotonic

Active transport pumps typically move solutes from ____ to ____ fluids. -hypertonic - hypotonic -hypotonic - hypertonic -isotonic - hypotonic -hypertonic - hypertonic -hypotonic - hypotonic

hypotonic - hypertonic

A control group -receives the same treatment as the experimental group. -is an untreated group of individuals or subjects. -is sometimes exposed to harsh conditions. -is often an unnecessary waste of material. -is not subjected to experimental error.

is an untreated group of individuals or subjects.

All of the following with one exception are part of an African savanna community. Select the exception. -a pride of lions -Elephant grass -African wild dogs -low fertility soils -Zebras

low fertility soils

Oxygen, carbon dioxide, as well as other small molecules, cross the plasma membrane through the process(es) of -diffusion. -osmosis. -endocytosis and exocytosis. -active transport. -facilitated diffusion.

diffusion

Passive molecular diffusion occurs when -the energy of ATP is added. -random collisions between molecules occurs. -there are variations in molecular sizes. -enzymes catalyze their movement. -none of these things occur.

random collisions between molecules occurs.

The final step in the scientific method for a scientist is -devising an experiment -collecting data -making observations -report his or her results -researching the literature for similar investigations

report his or her results

The rough endoplasmic reticulum is so called because ____ stud the surface of that organelle. -carbohydrates -ribosomes -Golgi bodies -proteins -lysosomes

ribosomes

Taxonomists today tend to group organisms into the same category based on -similar morphology -similar behavior -similar geographic distributions -similar DNA sequences -similar eating habits

similar DNA sequences

All the statements below are correct with one exception. Select the exception. -Most animals are mobile at some stage in their lives. -Protists are the simplest of the eukaryotes. -All known plants rely on other organisms for energy. -All bacteria are single-celled. -All fungi break down their food externally.

All known plants rely on other organisms for energy.

Which of the following statements about blood cells in solutions is CORRECT? -A blood cell placed in an isotonic solution will swell. -A blood cell placed in a hypotonic solution will swell. -A blood cell placed in a hypotonic solution will shrink. -A blood cell placed in an isotonic solution will shrink. -A cell placed in a hypotonic solution will remain the same size.

A blood cell placed in a hypotonic solution will swell.

Answer the following questions in reference to the levels of organization of life. Choose only the most correct answer. All Answer Choices A. population B. living cells C. molecules D. biosphere E. ecosystem F. organs G. tissues H. community A. Lions, zebras, African tall grass, soil, and air are all a part of one of these. B. a collection of cells performing a common function. C. In a South American tropical forest, the trees, flowers, and animals constitute one of these. D. Atoms held together by chemical bonds. E. These are the smallest units of an organism that are able to perform all functions of life. F. These are more inclusive than cells but less than organs. G. This includes all of the ecosystems on earth. H. These are the sites for the production of all life's molecules. I. A herd of horses living on the Montana plains is an example of this. J. A one-way flow of energy and cycling of nutrients is essential for its dynamic. All Answer Choices A. population B. living cells C. molecules D. biosphere E. ecosystem F. organs G. tissues H. community

A. Ecosystem B. Tissues C. Community D. Molecules E. Living Cells F. Organs G. Biosphere H. Living Cells I. Population J. Ecosystems

Classification. Answer the following questions in reference to life's diversity. Choose only the most correct answer. All Answer Choices A. archaea B. bacteria C. eukarya D. plantae E. fungi F. animalia G. protists A. Often found in extreme environments while having no nucleus, this domain is closer genetically to eukarya. B. In this eukaryotic group, members range from single-celled consumers to giant, multi-celled producers. C. Multi-celled consumers that are active at least in part of their lives are in this kingdom. D. They have no nucleus and are the most numerous organisms on Earth. E. Yeasts belong to this group. F. In this domain members have a nucleus and numerous membrane-bound organelles. G. These prokaryotes are able to colonize extreme environments such as hydrothermal vents on the seafloor. H. Besides feeding themselves, these multi-celled organisms, serve as food for most other organisms. I. These multi-celled consumers include herbivores and carnivores. J. In this kingdom, multi-celled organisms digest their food outside of their bodies. All Answer Choices A. archaea B. bacteria C. eukarya D. plantae E. fungi F. animalia G. protists

A. archaea B. protists C. anamiala D. Bacteria E. Fungi F. eukarya G. archea H. plantae I. animalia J. fungi

Which of the following statements is true concerning DNA? -ditary information. -DNA is responsible for the similarity of all living things. -DNA is responsible for the differences between all living things. -DNA guides development. -All of these statements are true.

All of these statements are true

No prokaryotic cells have -ribosomes. -a nucleus. -cytoplasm. -a plasma membrane. -cell walls.

a nucleus.

Which of the following represents an activity within a population? -a fox consuming a rabbit -the absorption of nitrogen by bacteria and converting it to a form useful to plants -a peacock spreading and shaking his feathers to attract a female -moss growing on the north side of a large pine tree -a virus causing rabies in a dog

a peacock spreading and shaking his feathers to attract a female

A flagellum is to a bacterium as ____ is to a boat. -a captain -an engine -a propeller -a bow -an anchor

a propeller

Critical thinking implies all of the following with one exception. Select the exception. -being aware of your own biases and that of others. -deciding whether ideas are based on opinion or evidence. -judging information before accepting it. -considering other ways to interpret the facts. -accepting whatever information is provided so long as it does not contradict your beliefs.

accepting whatever information is provided so long as it does not contradict your beliefs.

The sodium-potassium pump is used in -facilitated diffusion. -simple diffusion. -active transport. -osmosis. -bulk flow.

active transport

which of the following is not a characteristic of fungi? -all are eukaryotic -all break down food internally -most are multi-celled -some form mushroom fruiting bodies -some are single celled

all break down food internally

One of the generalizations of the cell theory is that -all cells have a nucleus. -all cells divide by meiosis. -all living organisms are made up of cells. -cells arise through spontaneous generation. -growth is solely the result of cell division.

all living organisms are made up of cells.

Why did the scientists assume the plants and animals they encountered in the cloud forest on top of New Guinea's Foja Mountains had never been encountered by other humans before? -these species were unknown to even the native peoples -the animals were unafraid of humans -they found some species that were thought to have been extinct for decades -none of these answers are correct -all of these answers are correct except d.

all of these answers are correct except d

Living organisms are distinct from nonliving things by which of the following features? -continuous energy inputs -complex molecular structure -DNA that guides functioning -sensing and responding to change -all of these except complex molecular structure

all of these except complex molecular structure

Osmosis involves -the movement of a solvent, like water. -differences in solute concentrations. -movement from hypotonic to hypertonic solutions. -all of these except e. -all of these except c and d.

all of these except e

The control in an experiment -makes the experiment valid. -is an additional replicate for statistical purposes. -reduces the experimental errors. -minimizes experimental inaccuracy. -allows a mixed group of comparisons among different organisms for the experimental group.

allows a mixed group of comparisons among different organisms for the experimental group.

In science, a theory is defined as -a speculative guess. -a hypothesis. -an explanation that is well documented and consistent with the evidence. -a description of a phenomenon for which there is no explanation. -a personal conviction.

an explanation that is well documented and consistent with the evidence.

Which of the following organisms is a multi-celled producer? -an oak tree -Candida, a pathogenic fungus -E. coli, a common intestinal bacterium -a Siberian tiger -more than one of these

an oak tree

Which of the following represents the most correct order of the organization of life from the smallest unit to the largest? -atoms ® molecules ® cells ® organisms ® populations ® communities ® ecosystems ® biosphere -atoms ® molecules ® cells ® organisms ® communities ® populations® ecosystems ® biosphere -atoms ® molecules ® cells ® organisms ® populations ® ecosystems ® communities ® biosphere -communities ® biosphere ® organisms ® ecosystems ® populations ® cells ® molecules ® atoms -biosphere ® organisms ® communities ® ecosystems ® populations ® molecules ® cells ® atoms

atoms ® molecules ® cells ® organisms ® populations ® communities ® ecosystems ® biosphere

All of the following are organisms within the domain eukarya with one exception. Select the exception. -bacteria. -animals. -protists. -fungi. -plants.

bacteria

The variable(s) in the butterfly experiment is(are) the -butterfly wings pattern color. -butterfly species. -butterfly wings pattern color and sounds emitted. -rainforest region used. -percentage of survivors.

butterfly wings pattern color and sounds emitted.

The following structures are found in all eukaryotic cells EXCEPT cell walls. the nucleus. plasma membranes. Golgi bodies. the endoplasmic reticulum.

cell walls

Which level of taxonomy encompasses all of the others? -family -class -order -species -genus

class

An experimenter wanted to test the effects of cigarette smoking on rats. She infused the cages of 50 rats with cigarette smoke and the cages of another 50 rats with pure, clean air. The rats that received the clean air were the -experimental group. -control group. -model group. -predictive group. -independent group.

control group

Which of the following solutions has the potential to diffuse the fastest? -one with large molecules as opposed to smaller ones -one with a higher concentration of molecules as opposed to one with a lesser concentration -one under low pressure as opposed to one under high pressure -one at a low temperature as opposed to one at a higher temperature -all of these have the potential to diffuse equally fast

one with a higher concentration of molecules as opposed to one with a lesser concentration

An ecosystem such as a forest in the Pacific Northwest of the United States is made up of -plants, animals and fungi. -organisms and nonliving things. -rocks and minerals. -plants, protozoa, and fungi. -all of these.

organisms and nonliving things.

In order to verify a hypothesis, scientists -perform experiments and/or make observations. -consider facts. -establish law. -develop theories. -make predictions.

perform experiments and/or make observations.

An organelle that breaks down amino acids, fatty acids, and toxic substances is the -peroxisome -Golgi body -mitochondrion -lysosome -smooth endoplasmic reticulum

peroxisome

All organisms fit into one of the two following categories. -consumers and decomposers -producers and decomposers -producers and consumers -scavengers and detritivores -consumers and scavengers

producers and consumers