Biology Test #3

Why does Earth have three main climate zones?

There are differences in latitude and, thus, the angle of heating from the sun

Several species of warblers can live in the same spruce tree ONLY because they...

They occupy different niches within the tree

True or False: Decomposition in the tropical rain forest happens much faster than in the tundra.

True

True or False: Each biome has its own specific climax community.

True

True or False: Each species has its own range of tolerance and it bases where it lives on this range.

True

True or False: Herbivores can affect both the size and distribution of plant population in a community.

True

True or False: Predators can aid prey by removing the sick and old individuals from a population allowing more resources for the healthy.

True

True or False: Species usually avoid competition by dividing trees up, for example, the top, middle, and bottom of the tree housing 3 different types of warblers.

True

True or False: The most important factors in determining where different biomes are located are temperature and precipitation.

True

True or False: The tundra will have very short summers were the temperature barely gets above freezing and melts only the top inches of the permafrost.

True

True or False: There are locations on earth that do not have a designated biome.

True

True or False: A mountain range can cause a desert to be on one side and a wet fertile green area full of plant life on the other.

True, due to the orographic effect.

Which biome is characterized by very low temperatures, little precipitation, and permafrost?

Tundra

An organism's niche is...

The organisms total interactions with the biotic and abiotic conditions in which it lives

Give three reasons that allow the tropical rain forest to home to more species than any other biomes combined.

1. The warm climate in high precipitation 2. The abundance of plant life/habitats 3. The abundance of food supply (other plants and animal)

What is the greenhouse effect?

A natural phenomenon that maintains Earth's temperature range

Describe how the predator-prey relationship of a wolf and a rabbit might look after 100 years and explain what would happen to the rabbit population if the wolves caught a disease and went extinct.

After about 100 years the prey population would be much higher than the predators. If the wolves went extinct, the rabbit population would rise because there would be no one to eat them and regulate the population. Eventually the rabbit population would go down again because there wouldn't be enough food to feed all of them

Which is a factor that could interrupt the progress of succession?

Another natural disturbance

Which of these is a starting point for primary succession?

Bare rock mountainp

Why can no two species can occupy the same niche in the same habitat at the same time?

Because of the competitive exclusion principle

Explain the competitive exculsion principal.

The principle states that no two organisms can occupy the same niche at the same time in the same area

What are the atmospheric gases involved with the greenhouse effect?

Carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor

A mountain can affect climate by...

Causing precipitation to fall mostly on one side of the mountain

The series of predictable changes that occurs in a community overtime is called...

Ecological succession

What can be found in the tropical rain forest?

Erosion, canopy, understory

True or False: An organism's niche does not include the animals it preys on, or the predators it has.

False

True or False: Competition between organisms almost always result in a physical fight to the death.

False

True or False: During succession the animals life will stay the same from start to finish.

False

True or False: Keystone species are the members of a foodweb that can be removed with the least amount of disruption or effect on all other members.

False

True or False: Symbiotic relationships are not very important to the organisms involved, they cans stop the relationship at any point and not be affected very much.

False

True or False: The soil of the tropical rain forest is extremely deep and rich in nutrients allowing the trees to grow tall and large.

False

True or False: The tundra gets lots of precipitation in the form of snow daily.

False

True or False: There is absolutely no plant life found in the tundra due to the permafrost.

False

True or False: Deserts are classified mainly because they all have extremely hot weather day and night.

False, they are classified by being very dry.

True or False: Nocturnal organisms only come out from their burrows when it rains.

False, they only come out at night.

Explain why secondary succession takes less time to reach the climax community than primary succession does.

In secondary succession, there's already a layer of soil present so small plants can grow immediately, then die and make more soil. In primary succession however, there is no soil so plants cannot begin to grow right away.

In a tide pool, 15 species of invertebrates was reduced to eight after one species was removed. The species removed was likely a(n)?

Keystone species

Explain what lichens are and how they begin the work of primary succession and help move the process forward.

Lichens are almost always the pioneer species in primary succession. They do not need soil to grow so, they grow on bare rock then when they die they decompose and form a thin layer of soil. This process continues and soon forms a layer of soil thick enough for other plants to grow, thus beginning primary succession

Explain how the release of carbon in the atmosphere while burning fossil fuels could cause a change in the way the greenhouse effect works.

More carbon dioxide added to the layer of gases surrounding the earth

A symbiosis in which both species benefit is...

Mutualism

Evidence shows that some grasses benefit from being graced. Which of the following terms would best describe this plant-herbivore interaction?

Mutualism

The symbiotic relationship between a flower and the insect that feeds on its nectar is an example of...

Mutualism, because the flower provides the insect with food, and the insect pollinates the flower

The sum total of an organism's interaction with the biotic and abiotic resources of its environment is called its...

Niche

Different species can share the same habitat, but competition among them is reduced if today...

Occupy different niches

Which of these terms applies to the relationship between a dog and a blood-sucking tick?

Parasitism

Dwarf mistletoe's are flowering plants that grow in certain forest trees. They obtain nutrients and water from the vascular tissues of the trees. The trees derive no known benefits from the doors mistletoes. Which of the following best describes the interactions between dwarf mistletoes and trees?

Parasitism because the dwarf mistletoes obtain nutrients and water from the vascular tissues of the trees.

Trees are not usually found in the tundra biome because of...

Permafrost

And interaction in which one organism captures and feeds on another organism is called...

Predation

Which is the biotic factor that affects the size of a population in a specific ecosystem?

The number and kinds of predators in the ecosystem

What can be a resource to an organism?

Water, food, living space, etc

Which of the following statements about succession is correct? a.) secondary succession occurs where no soil exists. b.) primary succession occurs in areas where soil remains after a disturbance. c.) secondary succession can occur where disturbance has left soil intact. d.) primary succession will only current after secondary succession is finished.

c.) Secondary succession can occur where disturbance has left soil in tact