Biology - Unit 4
The time between the act of pollination and actual fertilization in the pine is about _____.
12 months
Pines and other gymnosperms have kinds of cones.
2
A successful scion will produce the product of the rootstock with greater quality.
False
All flowers have a complete set of male and female parts for fertilization.
False
Chromatin or chromosomes are duplicated during:
S phase
The stamen is made up of the_______ and the .________
filament, anther
The phase during mitosis when DNA separates into pairs of chromosomes is:
prophase
Which of the following would be produced by meiosis:
sperm cell
The technique of growing plants in which a section of the stem is covered with soil and a partial cut is made between the parent plant and the buried part of the stem is called:
layering
The majority of aquatic animals have ___________ fertilization.
external
Matched pairs of chromosomes are called:
homologous
Conjugation occurs in __________ protists and involves the transfer of genetic information between organisms.
isogamous
Which of the following methods of asexual reproduction is usually associated with the production of spores:
multiple fission
Each chromosome usually contains:
one gene for a particular trait
In flowering plants the egg occurs inside the:
ovary
The seeds in a pine tree are borne in the:
ovulate cone
What are three advantages to sexual reproduction?
produces genetic variations, produces resistance to unfavorable conditions, Produces disease-free seed plants.
The gametophyte generation of a fern is called the ____.
prothallium
Damaged cells of an organism are usually by ___________ mitosis.
repaired
Why don't cyanobacteria and bacteria reproduce by mitosis?
they do not contain chromosomes
Occasionally asexual reproduction can cause undesirable proliferation of an organism.
True
A zygote will develop into an ___________ during the early stages.
embryo
Genetic recombination results from events during:
first division of meiosis, fertilization
The two basic functions of meiosis are:
to maintain chromosome number through generations, cause genetic variations by recombination
Which of the following undergoes complete metamorphosis?
alfalfa weevil
Spores produced by the small male cone of a pine tree are produced by .__________
meiosis
The life cycle that becomes more dominant as plants become more complex is:
sporophyte
Meiosis takes place in an animal with a diplontic life cycle:
when gametes are produced
Which of the following cells would have a different genetic composition than the other three in an animal with a diplontic life cycle?
gamete
Which of the following cells would not divide using mitosis:
gamete, bacterial cell
Which of the following is not an advantage of asexual reproduction:
genetic variation of offspring
Plants produce spores in structures called _____.
sporangia
Why is grafting used in agriculture?
Plants are uniform and more vigorous, Some plants may survive generations only by grafting, Size of plants is controlled by grafting, Valuable fruits and flowers can be grown on strong stock
The most commonly used method of asexual reproduction used in gardening is the cutting.
True
Pollination refers to the transfer of pollen from the ___________ part of a plant to the part __________ of a plant.
anther, stigma
A protozoan that divides to form two daughter cells just like itself would be undergoing:
binary fission
A drastic change from the juvenile stage to adult in one basic step which produces adults very different from the juveniles is called __________ metamorphosis.
complete
Eggs are motile.
False
Gametangia are produced by gametes.
False
The genetic information in a gamete is identical to one of the original separated sets of chromosomes in the parent.
False
The new plant produced by the technique of layering must remain attached to the stem of the original plant.
False
The stock is inserted into the scion during grafting.
False
How does mitosis in animal cells differ from mitosis in higher plant cells?
Plant cells divide by means of a cell plate. Animal cells undergo furrowing.