Biology Unit 9 Test

irritability adaptability response metabolism growth reproduction

(Select all that apply.) Characteristics which are always present in living organisms are ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. complexity irritability adaptability response movement metabolism sensitivity growth reproduction

False

A certain person is accused of "running" a traffic signal. This incident can be confirmed by the scientific method. True False

stimulus

A change in the environment.

carnivore

A flesh-eating animal.

tissue

A group of cells that have the same structure and function.

population

A group of interacting individuals of the same species within the same geographic area.

theory

A hypothesis that appears to be supported by experiments may be elevated to a general ____________________. inquiry theory hypothesis experiment

organism

A living thing composed of several organ systems.

yes

A marine biologist wants to investigate the effect of ocean tides on certain aquatic ecosystems. Can this be studied by the scientific method. yes no

harmony

A rejection of either science or scripture is usually due to a failure of understanding the _________________________ between the two.

organ

A structure composed of several tissues all acting together to provide a specific function.

organelle

A structure within a cell having a definite function.

biocide

A substance that is capable of destroying living organisms.

ecosystem

A system formed by the interactions of communities of organisms with each other and the environment.

metabolism

All of the chemical processes in an organism that provide for the maintenance and functioning of the organism

biome

All the communities and ecosystems found under a given set of climactic conditions. The vegetation type and the array of animals it supports.

omnivore

An animal that eats both plants and animals.

herbivore

An animal that feeds on plants.

diversity

An ecosystem becomes more stable as the _______________________ of the community increases.

verifying deductive predictions

An excellent tool for testing a theory is: more experiments the theory formulated through experiment should never be retracted verifying deductive predictions its compatibility to the original hypothesis

experiment

An organized process that is used to gather and analyze observations and test a hypothesis is a(n) _____________________________. scientific law experiment problem theory

producer

Any green plant that traps the sun's rays and converts them to chemical energy.

accurately

Anyone documenting research data must be record it ____________________________________, without regarding his/her own presuppositions.

decrease

As a result of the negative feedback biologic mechanism, the output of the receptor will: start stop increase decrease

DNA

As an organism develops from an embryo, its complex organization must be directed by specific instruction of the ___________ molecule.

False

Asexual reproduction results in a new organism that is somewhat like its parent. True False

mitosis

Cell division that produces two daughter cells that are identical to the original parent cell.

stomata

Cells in plant leaves which open and close to maintain homeostasis are called ________________________.

True

Characteristics of life are used to determine if an organism possesses life. True False

pH

Enzymes responsible for regulating chemical reactions in the organism are sensitive to delicate changes in temperature, chemical environment, and _____.

chemical transmitters

Epinephrine, insulin, and auxins are all examples of _______________________________________________________________________________ that help produce feedback.

intestines kidneys liver

Excess and waste are removed by processes in the:________________________________________________________________________. Select all that apply. intestines kidneys liver heart stomach

chromosomes

Genes may carry hereditary information on segments of the DNA molecule known as ___________________________________________

no

If a crystal enlarges as new molecules are added, is this a form of biological "growth"? yes no

no

If a rock disintegrates by chemical weathering into small grains of similar composition, would this be considered reproduction? no yes

the theory is probably false the theory should be abandoned or modified

If after extensive research, the expected observations predicted by a theory fail to materialize: the theory formulated through experimentation should never be retracted the theory is confirmed the theory is probably false the theory should be abandoned or modified

False

If an experiment proves a hypothesis wrong, the scientist has to start over with no new direction. True False

theory

If repeated observations and experiments yield the same results, then the explanation is a ______________________. scientific law theory hypothesis problem

False

If two or more organs function together, they make up an organism. True False

all of the above

In addition to continuous differentiation, a developing embryo must undergo: cell relocation tissue development formation of organs organization of systems all of the above

reproduction

In order for an organism to exhibit continuation of its kind, __________________________________________ is essential. reproduction irritability metabolism response

True

It is not always possible to clearly distinguish life from non-life. True False

large

Plant and animal cells store sugar by means of ________________ molecules called starch and glycogen in order to keep the osmotic pressure in the cell constant.

characteristics

Scientists distinguish whether an entity is living or nonliving by describing the ___________________________________________ of life. length value quality characteristics

False

Scientists have standardized a concise definition of life. True False

observing, measuring, testing, and explaining their ideas

Scientists today learn about the world by _____________________________________________________________________________________________. changing scientific laws observing, measuring, testing, and explaining their ideas formulating conclusions without testing them using untested hypotheses to revise theories

scientific method

Scientists use experiments and observations to make logical conclusions about scientific inquiries. This process is called the ______________________________________________________________________________. scientific process scientific inquiry scientific method scientific experiment

True

Scientists use the characteristics of life to determine life on earth and other planets. True False

False

Sexual reproduction results in a new organism that received all of its hereditary information from one gamete. True False

True

Sexual reproduction results in a variation of traits in the offspring of successive generations. True False

metabolism

The ability to obtain nutrients, take in oxygen, and transform them into energy and cellular components is called _________________________________.

response

The action of the effector after an environmental change.

homeostatic

The biologic mechanism which functions to maintain the internal condition of cells constant is called a ______________________________________ control system.

integrating center

The center in the organism that receives the stimulus from the afferent pathway that the environment has changed, interprets the stimulus, and sends information via the efferent pathway to give a response.

adaptability

The change by a living organism after successive generations in response to a change in the environment.

habitat

The environmental situation in which an organism is generally found.

food web

The feeding of organisms on other organisms in more than one trophic level.

cell

The first level of organization which exhibits the characteristics of life is: human organelle cell animal organic compound plant organism atom molecule tissue organ

sexual reproduction

The form of production of new individuals by two parents in which the offspring obtains half of its hereditary information from each parent.

growth

The increase in size of cell or number of cells in an organism.

afferent pathway

The input path that transmits the environmental stimulus from the receptor to the integrating center of the organism.

community

The interacting populations within a geographic area.

food chain

The linear feeding patterns of organisms between trophic levels. Rare because of the diversity of organisms in a community.

irritability

The living organism has specialized structures that provide information about the changes in the environment. This characteristic of life is called ___________________________.

homeostasis

The maintenance of a relatively constant state in the internal environment of an organism.

efferent pathway

The means by which the integrating center regulates the effector to respond to a stimulus.

internal

The nineteenth-century physiologist Claude Bernard first recognized that the vital biological mechanisms all function to preserve the ________________________ environment.

biosphere

The portion of the earth's surface, water, and air that can support life.

differentiation

The process by which a cell gives rise to cells different from itself and from one another.

mitosis

The process of growth in size and number of cells is the process called ________________________.

reproduction

The production of new organisms for the perpetuation of the species.

asexual reproduction

The replication of a parent cell or organism producing a genetically identical offspring.

to counteract the original stimulus that triggered the series of events

The response of an effector is: to counteract the original stimulus that triggered the series of events to relate the change to the integrating center via the afferent pathway to cause the environmental stimulus to transmit an output in response to the total afferent input

negative feedback

The response to a stimulus that acts to control the stimulus in order to maintain a relatively constant environment.

ecological niche

The role or position that a species occupies in a community; includes where it lives, what it feeds on, the limiting factors for growth, and what its predators are.

True

The scientific method is used to investigate phenomena that occur in nature. True False

irritability

The sensitivity to the environmental change.

cell

The simplest structure that exhibits all of the characteristics of life.

hypothesis

The statement "I believe the plant did not grow because it did not get enough water," is a(n) __________________________________. theory not enough information observation hypothesis

effector

The structure that gives the response to an environmental change.

receptor

The structure that is sensitive to an environmental change and relates the change to the integrating center via the afferent pathway.

structure

The substance that produces form in an organism or system.

distinct diversity of life

The system of taxonomy used in biology and other life sciences is made possible because of: similarity of life distinct diversity of life continuous divergence of life unity of life

are acquired solely from genetic information inherited from ancestors

The traits of successive generations: are acquired by environmental influences are acquired by the activities, successes and failures of its parents are acquired solely from genetic information inherited from ancestors all of the above

organ system

The union of several organs to provide a larger function.

life

The word biology means the study of _________. plants animals life organisms

True

The world wide web (Internet) may be used in the scientific method. True False

homeostasis

Walter B. Cannon coined the term _________________________________________ to describe the process of maintaining the internal environment in a relatively constant condition.

to enter a cell at a specific receptor site cause an internal cell reaction which maintains homeostasis

What is the purpose of the chemical transmitter in a control system? to enter a cell at a specific receptor site to increase the external stimulus acting on the cell to decrease the internal stimulus to neutralize the stimulus at the plasma membrane cause an internal cell reaction which maintains homeostasis

tissues

When a group of cells have similar function, they are called ____________________. organs tissues systems organism

speculation

When comparing scientific theory with scripture, it is important to separate observed facts from _______________________________.

hypothesis

When driving your car, you hear a squeal every time you press the brakes. You decide that there's a mouse trapped in the brakes. This is an example of a __________________________________. hypothesis law theory

False

When properly conducted, the scientific method can ultimately prove or disprove any problem of inquiry. True False

differentiation

When the cells in a developing and growing organism reach a certain critical time, they lose some capabilities and begin to specialize. The process is called _________________________________________.

Is this a good painting?

Which of the following questions cannot be answered by science? What is an element? Is this a good painting? How do animals digest their food? How does a computer work?

scientific method

a recognized means of inquiry to provide scientific answers to questions

hypothesis

an assumed explanation for a problem

theory

an explanation for a natural phenomenon that appears to be supported by evidence gathered over a period of time

controlled experiment

the testing of a hypothesis in duplicate with only one factor being different