Black Death Final Exam
What years did the Black Death occur in Europe?
1347-1351
What were the effects on population?
23,840,000 Christian Europeans died
The percentage of people in Europe believed to have died from the plague
33
The year in which the largest number of Europeans died from the plague
348
As many as ____ of the peasants in the English villages died
75%
What were the attempts to stop the plague?
A doctor's robe & "leeching and bleeding"
How is the bacteria carried?
A flea drinking rat blood
The Black Death killed about what percentage of the population of Europe?
One third
Plague treatment:
Outcome: Death 2-6 days after exposure. Major Symptom: Fever/Cough Watch
Was it an epidemic or pandemic?
Pandemic
What were the two major problems for both the peasants and nobles?
Peasants - there were not enough people left to work in the fields : Nobles - They had to work in their own fields
A visit to a holy site
Pilgrimage
Origins of Plague:
Plague originates in China
The version of the plague that attacked the lungs and could be spread by droplet infection
Pneumonic
A _____ crisis developed.
Population
Did the black plague seem to travel more quickly along the shipping routes or overland?
Shipping routes (like the Silk Road)
The Black Death entered Europe through ________?
Sicily
What was a significant fact about the deaths?
So many people died that the other people couldn't bury the bodies fast enough
One consequence of _____ & ________ was susceptibility to disease.
Starvation & Poverty
Did the Black Plague weaken or strengthen Europe's economy?
Strengthened the economy
The Black Death started our modern day __________ and ______________.
System & demand for laborers
What fell apart during the Black Death?
The Feudal Manor System
What fell apart during the Black Death?
The Feudal Manor system
What other name was used to refer to the Black Death?
The Great Mortality
How is the disappearance of the plague explained?
The black rats that carried the disease have been replaced by brown rats that didn't carry anything
People moved outside of the cities and would spread the plague to where?
The countryside
Who was involved?
population of Asia then Europe
How did the black plague reach Europe?
through trade
How did the people try and avoid the plague?
by keeping clean and good hygiene
How many people have been killed?
Approx. One third
What is the Pneumonic Plague?
Bacteria multiply in blood, an aerosol
What was the plague characterized?
Big black soars all over the person's body
What was one of the best ways to treat the plague?
Bloodletting
The apple-sized, pus filled bumps that grew on the armpits and groins of sufferers
Bubo
The Black Death was sometimes called what?
Bubonic plague
Kings use a _________ to rule, raise taxes, and pass laws.
Bureaucracy
Jews during the Black Plague:
Burned by Christians, scapegoats for Black Plague
The country in which the plague is believed to have started
China
The overwhelming awareness of _____ in the middle ages was a result of the bubonic plague?
Death
The church ______ the people when the plague continued to spread despite their prayers.
Disappointed
Where did it come from?
Eastern & Central Asia
How was the Black Death preventable?
Exercise and balanced meals
By 1300 Europeans were _____ almost all the land they could cultivate.
Farming
As results the kings of Europe consolidate power...it is the beginning of the end of ______.
Feudalism
What animals/insects carried the plague?
Fleas & Rats
How long was the Black Death in Europe?
Four years (1347-1351)
Bubonic Plague:
Most common form, transmitted by fleas
What were some symptoms of the Black Death?
High fever, swollen tongue, sweating, weakness
What is considered the most unusual feature of a plague doctor?
His mask
Where did the Black Death originate?
In the Gobi Desert
The decline in food production led to higher prices which led to _______.
Inflation
Was there a cure for the Plague?
No, but there were several remedies
Did all peasants stay where they were originally from?
No, some moved off the manor system and went to the cities for more work
What are the Nobles?
Nobles have fled in an effort of self-preservation
The plague led to an overwhelming pessimism, to religious fanaticism, to suspicion of travelers, and to intolerance of ____.
Jews
A ____ ______ and cleanliness kept most Jews free from the Black Death?
Koshier Diet
Because of the population drop in Europe, there was a high demand for what?
Labor
After the plague, there was no extra _______.
Laborers
Peasants no longer needed the support of what to survive?
Manors
What were some medieval treatments?
Prayer, physical abuse, natural remedies, bloodletting
What nursery rhyme was associated with the Black Death?
Ring-A-Ring of Rosies
What was the treatment for headaches?
Rose, lavender, sage and bay
What the reason that rats and fleas could thrive?
The dirty conditions
When was the last outbreak of the plague?
The last known case was in Europe in 1722
What was the process in which the person would get infected?
The ships would dock & unload, the rats would jump off and enter the city, the flies would leave the rats and land on humans (biting them) then infecting them
How did the peasants use that to their advantage?
They could charge nobles for their services and only work for the highest wages
How did it travel to Europe?
Through trade (Rats traveled in Cargo ships)
How does the black death continue to spread from person to person?
Trade
How many forms of the plague were there?
Two
What caused the change?
Weather patterns began to change, war breaks out
What was the result of this?
Whole villages could be killed by plague
What was the cure for sickness and nausea?
Wormwood, mint and balm
Which century was the plague most devastating in Europe?
mid 1300's
What color was the bubo at first? What color did it change to?
started red and finished dark purple or black
What was the reason that rats & fleas could thrive?
the dirty conditions